US HistoryChapter 2Section 4

A “New” Church Protestant Reformation

• Martin Luther – sola scriptura, sola fida (only scripture can give

right instruction and only faith can save) Everyone had the right to read the Bible for

themselves Every leader (later person) had the right to

choose their own faith

A “New” Church

Martin Luther

A “New” Church Protestant Reformation

• Martin Luther – sola scriptura, sola fida; only scripture can give right instruction and only faith can save

• John Calvin – idea that good works insured salvation, believed God already knew the saved

• Henry VIII – formed the Anglican church in order to get an annulment that the Pope would not grant

In the Americas• French and Spanish Colonies = Catholic• Dutch and English Colonies = Protestant

A “New” Economy Mercantilism – theory that a nation’s power increases

with its wealth• Increased trade and rivalries

Columbian Exchange – the exchange of plants, animals, and diseases that altered life on both sides of the Atlantic

Northwest Passage – hope to find a route to Asia to the north of the new continent• John Cabot – Italian sent by England, found Newfoundland• Giovanni da Verranzo – Italian sent by France explored the

coast of Nova Scotia to the Carolinas• Jacques Cartier – French explorer who saw a massive mountain

and called in Mont-Royal (Montreal)• Henry Hudson – English sailor hired by the Netherlands, sent a

second time by England, discovered a bay while traveling down a massive river (Hudson River, Hudson Bay)

The French… And, Dutch French in Americas = a place to trade

• Furs and Fishing• Coureurs de bois – name for trappers; means

“runners of the woods” Samuel de Champlain – established

Quebec in modern day Canada for France

New Netherland – Dutch trading colony• Fort Orange – fort on the River (Albany today)• New Amsterdam – center of the new Dutch

colony