U.S. History

Chapter 27

AlaskaSet up by: Secretary of the State William Seward 1867

Bought from Russia for .25Bargain : Full of gold, copper , coal, oil etc

ExpansionismOpposition

Contrary to American valuesCauses revolutionFelt Non-whites would never be able to learn

American valuesWilliam Jennings Bryan felt United States could be powerful without new land

Imperialism

Building an empire by taking control of other governments as Europe was doing

Supporter: Senator Henry Cabot Lodge

Into Asia and the Pacific

Protect oversea trade 1st China then Japan

Asian Island (needed for

refueling and food

Hawaii1820’2- missionaries1835- sugar plantations1887- Pearl Harbor is

established1891- Queen Liliuiokalani1898-Annexaion of Hawaii

More About HawaiiSugar Planters ask for and get sugar shipped into

U.S. w/o tariffs. Mainland growers protestSolution: Bonus given to growers, now Hawaii

planters seek bonus too.Result: Annexation of Hawaii

Splendid Little WarCuba

Colony of SpainRational for Annexation by U.S.-

Monroe DoctrineCuban unsuccessful attempt at revolt in 1868then again 1895 Spain responds-Place citizens in “reconstruction camps”

Yellow Journalism

Competition to sell of newspapers resulted in stories that where written to shock and sensationalize the events in Cuba.

Often based on rumors and lies

RESULT?WAR FEVER!!!

Send in the warshipThe Maine

Into Havana

Free Cuba !!!

Now What

1. Try to buy Cuba from SpanishSpain declines offer2. Americans want war ; call

President McKinley a cowardCongress declares war

Rough Riders

Teddy Roosevelt’s regiment

Mostly made up of Wealthy, Powerful, Ranch hands

War is won!!!!

Cuban rebels and U.S. troops capture San Juan HillSantiago is capturedSpain tries to escape, all ships are sunk

4 month war….. 345 U.S. dead….. 5500 more from disease

Let there be peace1. Cuba independent of Spain2. U.S. rules Puerto Rico

3. U.S. agrees to remove all its troops from Cuba (some stay on to preserve “law and order)

4. U.S. gains navel base in Cuba

PhilippinesAlso under Spanish ruleU.S. supports natives in their bid for

independenceEntire Spanish fleet is sunk in Manila Bay

Treaty is reached: US buys Philippines for $ 20 million then annexes it in 1899.

U.S. Betrayal of Natives

3 year warVery cruel war (on both sides)American public gets upset over cruelty, but

expansionist win agreementGrants Philippines right to leave market with

China open

The War is won

U.S. wins the war

Rules with non military government

Goal: help Philippines move towards independence (granted in 1947)

Panama Canal

How to join the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans together so that it becomes unnecessary to sail around South America ?

“Speak softly and carry a big stick”

Teddy Roosevelt becomes President

Offers to buy land from Colombia to build the canal

Solution: Send warship to Panama to support natives in their quest for independence from Columbia- Panama gains independence sells control of the Panama Zone for $10 million

Building the canal

Building begins : 1904

By 1905, ¾ of work force has quit!

Why? Forced to use the same water for

everything

Improvements get made

1. Get rid of mosquitoeso Drain ditcheso Spread oil on swampo Screens on windows and doors2. Improved housing3. Better organization

By 1914: 51 miles complete1921-U.S. pays Colombia $25 million

WW I Germany enters Belgium on the way to conquer

FranceNationalismAustria-Hungry build empire by gaining power in

the Baltic.Baltic want independentAdoption of Militarism- to maintain

safety/glorifying military power, ideas, and values

One thing leads to another Germans build a navy to challenge the British

Britain constructs battle ships

Germany’s army grows

France builds an army

Safety in alliances

Europe is divided into 2 camps

Allies: Central Powers:

Germany British Austria- Hungary Russian

France

June 28, 1914Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austria-Hungary throne)visits Sarajevo in Bosnia where he was assassination A-H blames Serbia and tries to get Serbia to give

up it independence Serbs refuse A-H declares war Russia backs Serbs Germany backs A-H France enters war England enters war U.S. enters war