us history ch 13.1

16
U.S. History Chapter 13: Industrial Growth in the North Section 1: The Industrial Revolution & America

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Page 1: US History Ch 13.1

U.S. HistoryChapter 13: Industrial Growth in the NorthSection 1: The Industrial Revolution & America

Page 2: US History Ch 13.1

The Industrial Revolution

•1700s: Most Europeans & Americans were farmers, few skilled workers

•Demand for manufactured goods grows

Page 3: US History Ch 13.1

The Industrial Revolution

•Industrial Revolution:

–Period of rapid growth in manufacturing & production

–Occurred in response to a demand for manufactured goods

Page 4: US History Ch 13.1

The Industrial Revolution

• Breakthroughs in textiles

• James Hargreaves: patented spinning jenny in 1770

Spinning Jenny

Page 5: US History Ch 13.1
Page 6: US History Ch 13.1

The Industrial Revolution

• Richard Arkwright: patented the water frame

• Lowered costs, increased production

Water Frame

Page 7: US History Ch 13.1

Slater & His Secrets

• Samuel Slater: British immigrant & mechanic who opened a mill at Pawtucket, Rhode Island

Samuel Slater

Page 8: US History Ch 13.1

Slater & His Secrets

•New England had many fast-flowing rivers to supply power

•Few mills in South—foucsed on farming

Page 9: US History Ch 13.1

Manufacturing Breakthrough

•Manufacturing done by hand, parts differed

•1790s: war with France possible

Page 10: US History Ch 13.1

Manufacturing Breakthrough

•Technology—tools designed to produce goods or to do work

Page 11: US History Ch 13.1

Manufacturing Breakthrough

• Interchangeable Parts—process developed by Eli Whitney that called for making each vital part of a machine exactly the same

Eli Whitney

Page 12: US History Ch 13.1

Manufacturing Breakthrough

•Acquired contract to build 10,000 guns in two years

•Failed to fulfill contract

Page 13: US History Ch 13.1

Manufacturing Breakthrough

•Mass Production—efficiently making large numbers of identical goods

Page 14: US History Ch 13.1

A Slow Start for Manufacturing

•Manufacturing grew slowly in the U.S.

•Factors:

–High price of labor

–Lack of capital

Page 15: US History Ch 13.1

The War of 1812 & Manufacturing

•British blockaded ports

•Americans begin to buy items from American manufacturers

•Manufacturers expand, investors lend more money

Page 16: US History Ch 13.1

“To be independent for the comforts of life we must fabricate them ourselves. We must now place the manufacturer side by side of the agriculturist.”

--Thomas Jefferson