U.S. History

Chapter 4: The English Colonies

Section 3: The New England Colonies

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

•1620: England experiences economic downturn

•1625: Charles I becomes king

King Charles I

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

•Dissenters—people who disagree with official religious or political opinions

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

•“Great Migration”

•1629: Massachusetts Bay Company formed

•1630: Puritans leave for Massachusetts

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

•Covenant—sacred agreement made with God

•Puritan goal: to build ideal Christian community

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

•John Winthrop: “…we shall be like a City upon a Hill.”

John Winthrop

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

•Well prepared, good climate

•End of 1630: 1,000 more colonists joined settlers

•Settled New Hampshire

Church & State in New England

•“General Court”:

–2 or 3 delegates from each town

–Elected governor & assistants

–1644: became a two-house legislature

Church & State in New England

•Little separation between church & state

•Ministers had great influence

•Only male church members allowed to vote

Church & State in New England

• 1636: Thomas Hooker leads followers to Connecticut

• 1639: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut drafted

Thomas Hooker statue

Daily Life & Customs

•Religion important

•Mainly grew food for own use

•Most colonists came in family groups

Daily Life & Customs

•Marriages arranged

•Women: obey husbands, have children, run the household

•Men: treat wives “with…love, gentleness, kindness, and tenderness.”

Daily Life & Customs

• Education important: wanted children to be able to read Bible

• 1636: Harvard College founded Harvard University

seal

Dissent in Massachusetts• Roger Williams

criticized the General Court for taking land from Indians without paying them.

• Williams exiled from Massachusetts

Roger Williams

Dissent in Massachusetts• Formed

settlement called Providence

• 1644: became colony of Rhode Island

• Fair treatment

Dissent in Massachusetts• Angered Puritan

leaders by discussing religious views

• Held religious discussions at home

• Put on trial & exiledAnne Hutchinson

on trial

Salem Witch Trials