us history ch 7.4

47
U.S. History Chapter 7: The American Revolution Section 4: The Patriots Gain New Hope

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Page 1: US History Ch 7.4

U.S. History

Chapter 7: The American RevolutionSection 4: The Patriots Gain New Hope

Page 2: US History Ch 7.4

Victory in New Jersey

•November 1776: Howe captured New York

•Settle in for winter

General William Howe

Page 3: US History Ch 7.4

Victory in New Jersey

•New Jersey left in Hessian control

Page 4: US History Ch 7.4

Victory in New Jersey

•Battle of Trenton—battle in which Washington’s troops crossed the Delaware to launch a surprise attack

Page 5: US History Ch 7.4

Victory in New Jersey

December 25, 1776: Washington & troops cross icy Delaware River

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Victory in New Jersey

•Battle of Trenton:

–Patriot victory

–900 Hessians captured, 5 American casualties

–Morale boost

Page 12: US History Ch 7.4

Victory in New Jersey

•Battle of Princeton—battle in which Patriots circled a British camp in the dark & attacked in the morning

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Victory in New Jersey

•Battle of Princeton

–Campfires left burning

–Circles behind British troops

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Victory in New Jersey

•Battle of Princeton

–Patriot Victory

–Second of Washington’s three battlefield victories

Page 17: US History Ch 7.4

Turning Point at Saratoga

•British embarrassed

•Devise plan to cut off New England

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•General John Burgoyne to recapture Ft. Ticonderoga & move south

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•A second for will march east from Lake Ontario

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•General Howe will move north from New York City

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•All three forces to converge at Albany

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Turning Point at Saratoga

• July 1777: Burgoyne captures Ticonderoga

• Path to Albany difficult

John Burgoyne

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•Howe decides to attack Philadelphia

•Meets George Washington along the way

General William Howe

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Turning Point at Saratoga

• September 11, 1777: Patriots defeated at Brandywine Creek

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•Howe & force from Ontario area delayed

•Burgoyne greatly outnumbered

Page 26: US History Ch 7.4

Turning Point at Saratoga

• Battle of Saratoga—marked a major turning point in the Revolutionary War

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•General Horatio Gates drove back a British attack

Horatio Gates

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•Benedict Arnold staged a charge that led to a British retreat

Benedict Arnold

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Turning Point at Saratoga

• October 17, 1777: Burgoyne surrenders to Gates

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Turning Point at Saratoga

•Effects:

–Morale boost

–Increased foreign support

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Foreign Aid

France

Spain

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Foreign Aid

• Bernardo de Galvez

– Spanish governor of Louisiana

– Attacked British forts along Mississippi River & Florida

Bernardo de Galvez

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Galveston Island named in honor

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Foreign Aid

• Marquis de Lafayette:

– Arrived Summer 1777

– Wounded at Brandywine Creek

– Gave money to support Revolution

Marquis de Lafayette

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Winter at Valley Forge

•December 1777: troops settle at Valley Forge for winter

•Food & clothing shortages

•1/5 of soldiers died

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Winter at Valley Forge

•Friedrich von Steuben:

–Prussian

–Taught troops drill procedure Friedrich von Steuben

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The War at Sea

• Navy & Marines established 1775

• Feb 1776: only 8 ships

• British had large navy

• Strategy: attack individual ships

Page 44: US History Ch 7.4

The War at Sea

•John Paul Jones—responsible for much of America’s naval success

John Paul Jones

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“I have not yet begun to

fight!”

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