Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period______

U.S. HISTORY - CHAPTER 15 - Study Guide

Political Reform & the Progressive Era C15S1 – The Gilded Age and Progressive Reform p. 518-522

Reform in the Gilded Age – What does “gilded” mean and what does it suggest about America?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________.

The “________________” System had grown and become more corrupt since the Age of Jackson. Civil Service is

_____________________________________________________________________________. The Civil Service

Commission awarded federal jobs based on ______________________. To lessen the power of Big Business,

Americans demanded that federal government limit the power of the railroads and other ____________________

President Cleveland signed the _______________________ _________________________ ____________in 1887.

This was FIGHTING CORUPTION on a national level. There was also corruption in cities. Political ______________

took bribes from big business. The most infamous of these was William “Boss” ____________________ who stole

over $_________________ from the city of New York before being exposed by a

__________________________.

Progressives and Political Reform – The Wisconsin Idea: Governor

Robert ______________________ introduced these reforms:

1) __________________________2) ______________________________________

3) __________________________ 4) ____________________________ . They were

designed to give more power to ____________________. Progressives also supported

the 16th Amendment and graduated income tax, which is: ________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

and the 17th Amendment, which requires direct election of ______________________________.

The Muckrakers were __________________________________________________________________.

They included _______________________________________ who targeted Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company,

__________________________________ whose photographs of city slums shocked America, and Upton Sinclair

whose book ____________________________________ exposed grisly details of the meat-packing industry.

15.1 Section Focus Question: How did reformers try to end government corruption and limit the influence of big

business? ____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Boss Tweed

C15S2 – The Progressive Presidents p. 523-529

The First Progressive President was Theodore _______________________. He became president when

William ___________________ was assassinated. Known as “___.___.”, he became a ________________ -

person that works to destroy the power of monopolies & trusts. T.R. thought the government should

_________________________ good trusts and ________________________ bad trusts. He used the Sherman

_______________________ Act to sue and break apart the Northern Securities Company and other trusts. He

also sided with ______________________ during the Pennsylvania ___________ Strike in 1902.

The Square Deal - T.R. won a huge victory in 1904 by promising a “___________________ Deal”. This

meant that everyone from farmers to consumers to workers to owners should have an equal _________________

to succeed. TR also proposed the Antiquities Act which promoted _____________________________- protection

of natural resources. This led to the creation of __________________________ __________________- natural

areas protected and managed by the federal government. Another Progressive accomplishment designed to

protect consumers was the creation of the Pure Food and _________________ ___________ in 1906 which

required food & drug manufacturers to list all _____________________________on the package.

Taft and Wilson- TR’s successor was _______________________ ____________________ ___________.

Taft supported most Progressives Reforms. He even broke up more __________________ than TR did. However,

disagreements with certain policies caused TR to oppose Taft in the 1912 election. Taft won the ______________

nomination, so TR joined the Progressive “Bull ___________________” Party. The result was a split of the

Republican vote which allowed the Democrat, Woodrow ______________________________ to win the

presidency. Wilson’s “New _______________________” program attempted to ensure fair competition among

corporations. He got Congress to create the ____________________________ _______________________

__________________________ or FTC, the Clayton _________________________ Act, and the Federal

___________________________ Act in 1913 which gave the federal government control of __________________

rates and the money supply.

p. 2 Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson

Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period______

CHAPTER 15 - Study Guide – Political Reform & the Progressive Era (Continued)

C15S3 - The Rights of Women p. 530-533

Women Win the Vote – The ______________________ _________________ Convention began the

women’s rights movement in 1848. The early leaders were Susan B. _________________________ and Elizabeth

Cady ________________________. Pioneer women helped win the vote in ________________________ states

first. A new generation of leaders included Carrie _____________________ ____________ who devised a

detailed plan for suffragists - ___________________________________________________________________.

Alice ___________ met with President ____________________________ in 1913, gaining his ________________

to women’s suffrage, but it wasn’t until 1920 that women finally won the right to _______________ with passage

of the 19th ______________________________.

New Opportunities for Women - Women began to make major advances in _________________________.

By the end of the 1800s there were 1000s of female _______________________ and _______________________.

Florence __________________ investigated working conditions in ________________________________. Her

main concern was ____________________ _____________________.

The Crusade Against Alcohol was led by women, including Frances ____________________________, the

1st president of the Women’s Christian _______________________________ Union (WCTU). But Carrie

________________ was more radical, using violence to promote ______________________________ - a

___________ on the sale, transportation, or consumption of alcohol. Their efforts led to the passing of the

_______th Amendment. It was passed by Congress in 1917 and ratified in 1919. Prohibition failed however, and

was repealed in 1933 by the ______st Amendment.

15.3 Section Focus Question: How did women gain new rights?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

p. 3

IMPORTANT WOMEN’S RIGHTS LEADERS & SUFFRAGISTS

ELIZABETH CADY STANTON SUSAN B. ANTHONY CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT ALICE PAUL .

C15S4 – Struggles for Justice p. 534-539

African Americans – faced discrimination in the North as well as in the South. Prominent leader Booker T.

______________________________ urged blacks to get ___________________________ & gradually move up in

society. Washington also advised presidents and helped found the _____________________________ Institute in

Alabama. W.E.B. ____________________ was the 1st African American to earn a PhD from Harvard. He wanted

blacks to fight ___________________________________ and helped found the National Association for the

________________________________ of Colored People (NAACP). Ida B. ___________________ was a journalist

who protested lynchings -____________________________________________________________. Some

African Americans succeeded despite segregation and other obstacles. Scientist George Washington

__________________ discovered 100s of new uses for peanuts and some black-owned businesses thrived.

Mexican Americans - also faced discrimination and ____________________________. Famine and a failed

____________________________ caused many Mexicans to immigrate to the U.S. Most were only hired as

________________________ laborers, finding work as field hands, factory workers, and digging irrigation ditches.

Many settled in ______________________ - ethnic neighborhoods to preserve language, history and culture.

Some formed ________________________________ - people pool money to pay for things like insurance, legal

advice, and care for the needy.

Asian Americans – after the Chinese _________________________________ Act of 1892, over 100,000 new

immigrants came from _________________________. Prejudice against Asians was high, leading to the

“Gentlemen’s ____________________________” in 1907. This halted the Immigration of Japanese working men.

Religious Minorities - ______________________________ groups worked to limit opportunities for

Catholics and __________________. Catholics started their own ______________________ schools – schools

sponsored by a Church. There was a rise in ___________-_______________________ - prejudice against Jews.

Leo ____________________ was a Jewish man falsely convicted of murder in Georgia. Frank was

_____________________ by a mob in 1915. American Jews founded the Anti-_________________________

League to promote understanding and fight prejudice.

15.4 Section Focus Question: What challenges did minority groups face and how did they respond to the

challenges? __________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

p. 4

Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ______________________ Period______

CHAPTER 14 - Study Guide – Political Reform & the Progressive Era (Continued)

p. 5

Use your knowledge, study guide, and textbook to complete the following:

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