US History EOC Review

Turbulent 60’s and 70’s

1) The primary reason given by US leaders to justify military involvement in Vietnam was that it would

a) promote reconstruction after WWIIb) maintain the policy of détentec) fulfill prior United Nations obligationsd) keep communism from spreading

throughout the region

2) The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) provided congressional support for

a) Withdrawing from the United Nationsb) Expanding the Alliance for Progressc) Escalating military action in Vietnamd) Reestablishing trade with Cuba

 3) The policy of détente was used by President Richard Nixon in an effort to

a) decrease tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States

b) improve relations with Latin Americac) promote democratic government in

Chinad) create stronger ties with Western

Europe

4) Why did the Bay of Pigs invasion fail?

a) American Military did not have the correct facts about Castro and his army.

b) Castro received a warning before the invasion and had soviet weapons.

c) Kennedy did not supply the combatants with weapons.

d) Khrushchev sent the Soviet Red Army to stop the combatants.

5) What was the significance of President Nixon’s visit to Communist China in 1972?

a) It led to the reunification of Taiwan with Communist China

b) It persuaded Chinese leaders to introduce capitalism into the marketplace

c) It showed that the Cold War between the “Free World” and Communism was over

d) It opened the way for China’s entry into the United Nations and trade with the United States

6) What does this picture indicate about the United States in the 1950s?

a) extraordinary steps were taken to hide atomic weapons.

b) the nation had become the only nuclear superpower.

c) much fear was created by the Cold War.

d) only government officials would be safe in a nuclear attack.

7) Which statement BEST describes an impact of the Watergate scandal on American society?

a) the modern women’s right’s movement began

b) public trust in government declinedc) voter turnout in elections increasedd) an economic recession ended

8) Which of the following was the first American Spacecraft into space?

a) Lunar 1b) Explorer 1c) Sputnik 2d) Sputnik 1

9) In response to the launching of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957 a) Harry Truman condemned the Republicans for

allowing a scientific gap to occurb) the federal government began spending

millions of dollars to improve American science and language education

c) the Republican Party took responsibility for the fact that the United States had fallen behind the Soviets in this area of scientific discovery

d) scientists blamed America’s slowness on poor math and science education in the schools

10) What is the Main goal of Affirmative Action program?

a) Enforce racial segregationb) Promote economic & political gains

for minorities and womenc) Boycott all Lain American farmersd) Secure voting rights for African

Americans

11) President Lyndon Johnson’s Civil Rights act:

a) Opened all public facilities to all races

b) Protected all American votersc) Created a commission to protect

equal job opportunitiesd) All of the above

 12) Who was the only person to serve as Vice President and President, but never was voted in?

a) Richard Nixonb) Lyndon Johnsonc) Gerald Fordd) Jimmy Carter

13) Who assassinated Martin Luther King jr.?

a) Lee Harvey Oswaldb) Jack Rubyc) Sirhan B. Sirhand) James Earl Ray

14) Who assassinated Robert Kennedy?

a) Sirhan B. Sirhanb) Lee Harvey Oswaldc) James Earl Rayd) Jack Ruby

15) Which event led to the investigations that resulted in the resignation of President Richard Nixon?

a) a decision to escalate the war in Vietnamb) a presidential decision to freeze wages

and pricesc) a break-in at the headquarters of the

Democratic National Committeed) an oil embargo by the Organization of

Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

16) The United States began a trade embargo against Cuba in the 1960s to

a) encourage political change in Cubab) promote domestic industries in Cubac) motivate Cubans to immigrate to the

United Statesd) end the domination of the Cigar

industry by Cuba

17) What was the result of the Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade?

a) Ruled Abortions are illegalb) Ruled anyone accused of a crime must

have a lawyerc) Ruled that Abortions are legald) Ruled anyone accused of a crime

doesn’t necessarily need a lawyer

18) One goal of President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society was to:

a) improve the quality of life for the poor

b) privatize many government programsc) send additional troops to Vietnamd) reduce the number of nuclear

weapons

19) The war in Vietnam led Congress to pass the War Powers Act of 1973 in order to

a) affirm United States support for the United Nations

b) strengthen the policy of détentec) increase United States participation in

international peacekeeping operationsd) assert the role of Congress in the

commitment of troops overseas

20) The incident illustrated by this cartoon increased cynicism toward the US government because: a) the press secretary failed to

keep the public informed of national policy changes

b) the president directed a conspiracy to mislead the nation

c) the Supreme Court ruled for federal statutes that defined confidentiality

d) Congress failed to pass legislation enforcing protection of privacy rights

21) Title IX was passed by Congress in 1972

a) To prohibit gender discrimination in any federally funded education program or activity

b) To guarantee women equal pay for equal work

c) To establish quotas for women in government positions

d) To protect women’s access to family planning centers

22) President Kennedy’s alleged assassin was

a) Jack Ruby b) Lee Harvey Oswaldc) Medgar Eversd) James Earl Ray

23) The ratification of the 26th Amendment, which lowered the voting age to 18, was a result of the

a) participation of the United States in the Vietnam War

b) fear of McCarthyismc) reaction to the launching of Sputnik by

the Soviet Uniond) reporting of the Watergate scandal

 24) The Watergate scandal is appropriately described by which statement?

a) it concerned the Nixon administration’s attempt to cover up a burglary at the Democratic National Committee headquarters

b) it involved the illegal establishment of government agencies to set and enforce campaign standards

c) it involved the choice of the Reagan administration to secretly supply aid to the Contra rebels in Nicaragua

d) it concerned the secret leasing of federally-owned oil rigs to western ranchers

25) What was one outcome of the Cuban missile crisis in 1962?

a) Cuba became a communist nationb) The United States seized military

control of Cubac) The Soviet Union withdrew its nuclear

missiles from Cubad) Fidel Castro met with President John

F. Kennedy

26) How did the war in Vietnam hinder President Lyndon B. Johnson’s effort to create the Great Society?

a) most of his top advisors resigned because of the escalation of US forces in Southeast Asia

b) the war in Vietnam prevented the passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1965

c) the war in Vietnam forced the United States to divert critical funds away from domestic issues

d) the war in Vietnam destroyed President Johnson’s election hopes in 1964

27) What was the primary reason Richard Nixon resigned his presidency?

a) he was convicted of several serious crimes

b) he was facing impeachment by the House of Representatives

c) his reelection was declared invalid by the Supreme Court

d) his actions in Cambodia and Laos were exposed in the Pentagon Papers

28) Which Presidential actions, best represents the policy of a Clandestine Operation?

a) Kennedy’s order for the Bay of Pigs invasion

b) Johnson’s orders more troops to Vietnam

c) Nixon’s Détente with communist countries

d) Ford pardoning of the previous president

29) How successful were the domestic policies of Presidents Kennedy and Johnson?

a) they failed to pass through Congress and left no lasting impact.

b) they led to a credibility gap and growing distrust in government

c) they promoted greater social equality but failed to eliminate poverty

d) they prevented the United States from making overseas commitments

30) How did the Cold War most affect Florida?

a) Nuclear missiles installed in Cuba threatened the survival of Florida

b) People in Florida could no longer sell their products to Eastern Europe

c) Hundreds of thousands of refugees fled Castro’s Communist dictatorship for Florida

d) Senator Joseph McCarthy accused a large number of people in Florida of being Communists