us history shaping a new nation
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SHAPING A
NEW NATION
From a Confederation to Republican Democracy
![Page 2: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The United States of America…Now what?
What problems did the new nation face?
Key Question: How much power should the national government have?
Democracy or Republic
![Page 3: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Adam Smith: Virtuous Self-Interest
Scottish philosopher and economist (1723-1790) The Wealth of Nations Pursuing your interest benefits everybody.
Did Smith’s idea influence America? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulyVXa-u4wE It is not from the
benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages.
![Page 4: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Articles of Confederation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bO7FQsCcbD8
What were Americans afraid of?
First governing document One state, one vote Limited national gov’t No executive branch “firm league of friendship” John Hanson of
Maryland served as the president of the Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation.
![Page 5: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What to do with Western Lands?
Many states had claims Given over to the national gov’tNorthwest Ordinance 1787 Procedure for dividing land Requirements for statehood
![Page 6: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Borrowers v. Lenders Lenders (wealthy) want high taxes and hard
currency. Why?
Borrowers (poor) want low taxes and soft currency. Why?
![Page 8: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Foreign-Relations Problems Britain refused to evacuate forts
Spain closed Mississippi River to American farmers
Congress too weak to settle
![Page 9: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Weaknesses of the Articles Overrepresentation of
small states (GA v. MA) Passing anything
requires 9 votes Amending requires 13
votes $190 million war debt –
no power to tax
![Page 11: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Shay’s Rebellion: “PANIC!!!!!” Mass. debt-ridden farmers take up arms Militia called out to put down Why does Shay’s Rebellion “sound the alarm”?
![Page 14: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Fixing the Articles Philadelphia (1787) 55 delegates from 12 states meet Lawyers, merchants, planters Wealthy and educated; 30s-40s By 5th day, throw out the articles
![Page 15: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Key Conflicts Big States v. Small States
North v. South
![Page 16: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Virginia PlanJames Madison
Bicameral legislature
Representation based on population
![Page 17: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
New Jersey PlanWilliam PatersonUnicameral legislatureOne state = one vote
![Page 18: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Connecticut Compromise Roger Sherman Bicameral Upper House
(Senate): equal representation
Lower House (House): based on population
State Legislatures elect the Senate
![Page 19: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Who counts as people? Why does the South want their slaves counted as
people?
Why does the North not want Southern slaves to be counted as people?
![Page 21: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Three-Fifths Compromise 3/5 of a state’s slaves counted as population for
representation and taxes
Congress given power to regulate trade Can’t touch the slave trade for 20 years
![Page 22: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The New GovernmentFederalism Divided power between national and state
governmentsSeparation of Powers National power split among three branchesChecks and Balances Each branch has the power to check the others
![Page 23: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Three BranchesLegislative Branch Closest to the people Makes laws
Executive Branch Carry out the laws
Judicial Branch Interpret the law Judicial review
![Page 25: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Electing the President Voters don’t elect directly Independent electors (best and brightest) Why not the voters?
Why not Congress?
System overhaul by 1803
![Page 28: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
How important was George Washington? How do those assembled view him? How do the people react to him? What was his impact on the Constitution? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JgCQDZdlMdc
![Page 29: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Who are the Federalists? Supporters of new Constitution Wealthy, landed, merchants, Strong gov’t can regulate trade GW, Madison, Hamilton
![Page 30: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Who are the Anti-Federalists? Skeptical of new
Constitution Fearful of strong,
central gov’t Rural, farmers, anti-
tax Large states Patrick Henry Sam Adams Richard Henry Lee
![Page 31: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Federalist Papers 85 essays Written to convince NY to ratify Hamilton, Madison, Jay (Publius) Separation of power; limits on majorities
![Page 32: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Bill of Rights Who demands this?
Why don’t Federalists think it’s necessary?
First 10 Amendments – Added by 1791 What rights are protected?
![Page 33: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Ratification Need 9 states Delaware first (Dec. 1787) “ratified” by New Hampshire Why is Virginia & New York so important?
New gov’t starts 1789
![Page 34: Us history shaping a new nation](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022013013/58ee93801a28ab36248b45cb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
The Constitution – A Primer LEJSASR 27 Amendments Blueprint for gov’t Flexible Is the Constitution a “living document”?