ì USINVOLVEMENTINWORLDWARI

AmericaEnterstheWar

I.  1917—Germanyannouncedunrestrictedsubmarinewarfare

II.  USAgivenZimmermanNotein1917

III.  GermanU-boatssankfourunarmedAmericanmerchantvesselsintwoweeks

IV.  April6,1917:USdeclareswaronGermany

RussiaLeavestheWar

I.  TheBolsheviks,whowerecommunistswhooverthrewtheRussiangovernmentin1917A.  BolshevikRevoluJon

II.  TheBolshevikswereledbyVladimirLenin

III.  1918-theRussianssignedTreatywiththeCentralPowers

PublicSupportfortheWarI.  GeOngpublicsupport

wasdifficultgivenAmericantradiJonsofisolaJonismandneutrality.

II.  Wilsonportrayedthewarinmoralterms- “makingtheworldsafefordemocracy”

III.  Thisplayedonpeople’sideasthatAmericaisthesavior.

U.S.MobilizesforWar

I.   Selec4veServiceAct(1917)ispassedinCongress-menbetween21and30canbedraXed

II.   WarIndustriesBoardwascreatedtomeetindustrialwardemand

III.  Americangovernmentraisedtaxesandissuedlibertybonds

U.S.EnterstheWar

I.  GeneralJohnJ.PershingleadstheU.S.troops,knownastheAmericanExpedi.onaryForce(AEF)

II.  UnlikeEuropeansoldierswhowerefighJngforthreeyears,AmericanswereenergeJcandfresh

III.  Americantroopsgetnicknamed“doughboys”becauseoftheirwhitebelts&theirfreshnessinbaale

PropagandaintheWar

I.  USGovernmentcreatedCommi:eeonPublicInforma4onA.  SellthewartotheAmericanpeople&convincethemto

helpwiththewareffortB.  ConvincetheworldoftherighteousnessofWilson’swar

aims

II.  CPIcreatedposters,movies&songs

III.  AnJ-GermansenJmentsgrewasaresultoftheCPI

ì

GovernmentControlInWorldWarI

I.   Asthewarprogressed,CivilLiberJes(freedoms)werecompromised&takenaway

II.  AnJ-ImmigrantfeelingswerecommonandexpressedespeciallytoGermansandAustrian-Hungarians

III.  EspionageandSediJonActswerepassedbyCongressA.  TheseactsweredesignedtopreventanJ-warprotestsbut

wentviolatedtheFirstAmendment(Freespeech)

B.  Illegaltospeakoutagainstthewareffortinanyway

USFoodAdministration

I.   ToconservefoodtheUSgovernmentsetuptheFoodAdministra4on(FA)

II.   Americansplanted“victorygardens”intheiryards

III.   AmericansworkedaKerwork/schoolgrowingvegetablesinpublicparks

IV.  Farmersincreasedproduc4onbyalmost30%toensurethatAmericansoldiershadfoodtoeat

ì

SocialChangesinWorldWarI

I.  AmericansocietyexperiencedanumberofsocialchangesduringWorldWarIA.   TheGreatMigra4on–African-Americansmovedoutofthesouth

toescapediscriminaJon&takeindustrialmanufacturingjobsinthenorth(mainlyChicago,NYC&Philadelphia)

B.   WomenJoinedtheWorkforce–AmericanwomenalsotookonnewindustrialjobsinciJeswhilethemenwereawayfighJngàwomenalsovolunteeredwiththeRedCross&Armynurses

II.  TheroleofwomenandAfrican-AmericanschangeddramaJcallyduringWWIsincetheywerenowseenasproducJvemembersofsociety

AmericanTroopsGoOntheOffensive

I.   InMay1917theGermanarmycamewithin50milesoftakingParis

II.   Americanssoldiersbeganarrivingaroundthesame4meplayedamajorroleinpushingtheGermansback

III.   InJulyandAugusttheAmericanshelpedtheAllieswintheSecondBa:leoftheMarnepushingtheGermanarmyoutofFrance

Men of the 42nd Division during the Second Marne. These men were killed by artillery fire just 5 minutes after this photo was taken

AmericanPowerWinstheWar

I.   Theaddi4onoffreshAmericansoldiersgavetheAlliedarmyanincredibleadvantageinba:le

II.   AmericantroopsandAmericanindustrygavetheAlliesthenecessarytoolstowinWWI

III.   AmericaninvolvementinWorldWarIensuredanAlliedvictoryasGermanycon4nuedtoweardownduringthefouryearlongwar…

TheEndoftheWar

I.  By1918theCentralPowersconJnuedtoweardownlosinggroundandsoldiers

II.  InNovember1918Austria-HungarysurrenderedtotheAlliedarmy

III.  ThesamedayGermannavymuJniedagainsttheirgovernmentandrefusedtofightA.  TheGermanArmyandGermanpeopleweretooJredtofight

anylonger

IV.  OnNovember11,1918at11amGermanyagreedtoanarmisJceendedthefighJnginWorldWarI

WilsonFightsForEternalPeaceI.  BeforetheendofthewarPresidentWilson

setouttoensurethatawarlikethisonewouldnevertakeplaceagain

II.  WilsonwantedtocreateapeaceplantobenefiteverynaJonandkeepeternalpeaceintheworld

III.  Wilson’splanwascalledthe“FourteenPoints”A.  NosecrettreaJes,freedomoftheseas,

reducJonofmilitariesB.  CreateaLeagueofNaJonstosolveproblems

diplomaJcally

TreatyofVersailles(1919)

I.  TheAlliesrejectedWilson’splananddecidedinsteadtopunishGermanyfortheirroleinWorldWarIA.  LargelythereasonwhytheworldfoughtWorldWarII

II.  TheTreatyofVersailles(1919)endedWorldWarIAND:A.  BrokeuptheAustria-Hungary&OaomanEmpireB.  GermanyacceptedBLAMEforWorldWarIC.  GermanypaidREPARATIONS(money)forWorldWarID.  GermanywasforcedtolimittheirARMYduetoWorldWarIE.  GermanygaveupTERRITORYbecauseofWorldWarI

III.  TheTreatyofVersaillespunishedtheGermansfortheirinvolvementinWorldWarI

TheTreatyofVersailles&theUSA

I.  AlthoughtheUSAcreatedtheLeagueofNaJonstokeepworldpeacetheUSSenaterefusedtoraJfytheTreatyofVersaillesA.  ManySenatorslikeHenryCabot

LodgefearedinvolvingtheUSAinworldaffairs

B.  TheUSAhasarichhistoryofisolaJonismpriortoWorldWarIandmanywantedtoreturntothatpolicy

C.  TheUSAneveractuallyjoinedtheLeagueofNaJonsthatWilsonworkedtocreate

TheEffectsofWorldWarI

I.  WWIstrengthenedthepowerofthegovernmentovertheAmericanpeople

II.  ThewarledtosocialchangesforAfrican-Americansandwomen

III.  ThewarcreatedglobalinstabilitythateventuallyledtoWW2

IV.  RussiaestablishedthefirstcommunistnaJonintheworldleadingtotheRedScareintheUSA

V.  22millionpeoplediedasaresultofWorldWarI