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America in the War “The Doughboys” Go Over There – #21

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America in the War“The

Doughboys”- Go Over There –

#21

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MobilizationThe U.S. prepares for War

How will America get ready to fight?

1) Selective Service Act (Conscription)- 1st draft in America since the Civil War- All Men Age (18-45) had to enroll - A lottery actually determined the draft- Many Men enlisted themselves(volunteered)- 4.8 Million Troops were raised

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Wilson selects the 1st Draft Inductees

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2)Production of Weapons increased

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3) Income Taxes were Raised

16th Am. For the Progressives now extend to help pay for the war –

wealthy pd. 77%- only top 5% paid taxes – 1/3 of war cost

In 1917 the Fed. Budget was almost equal to all the budgets from 1791-1916

Where did the rest of the money come from?

- Clue: George Creel & The CPI

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4) Liberty Bond CampaignU.S. Govt. Borrows $ from its Citizens -Encouraged to help with the war effort

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5) Limited Rights of Americans speaking out against the War

Espionage & Sedition Acts were passed

**** Spying & Negative Talk**** -Made any obstruction of the war effort illegalEugene Debs(S) was thrown in prison

for speaking out against the warAll Things German Became Suspect

- German language not taught in schools

- dachshund (Liberty Pups)

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University School of Milwaukee founded in 1851 as the

German-English Academy

Changed its name in 1917 because of Anti-German sentiment in Milwaukee

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6) Citizens were asked to Conserve for the troops

Hooverizing :“Doing your part over here for the Boys over

there”

Grow Victory gardensSave fuelDaylight savings begins- One more hour of light

at night“Wheatless & Heatless” - Mondays

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1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies1918 Flu Pandemic: Depletes All Armies

50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died

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Wilson names Gen. John PershingCommander of the (AEF)American Expeditionary ForcesUntrained American Troops

(Doughboys)begin arriving in France – June 1917

Provided a great moral booster for Allied troops on the front

Marshall Fosh(Allied Commander)- wanted AEF as fillers to established lines

Pershing – wanted separate units of Am.

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The YanksAre

Coming!

The YanksAre

Coming!

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“Going Over There”convoys of ships

–troops were in the middle 5 ships

“Going Over There”convoys of ships

–troops were in the middle 5 ships

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Eastern FrontRussia’s (Communist) Revolution at

home forces the to seek peace with

Germany(Treaty of Brest-Litovsk) – March 3, 1918

1 mill. German soldiers move to Western Front

Germany launches a series of Offensives

to crack the Allied line

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A Multi-Front WarA Multi-Front War

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Americans are Pressed in Action

Chateau-Thierry : (Am. & Fr.) hold a German advance outside of Paris

2nd Battle of the Marne – July 15th

Gr. Attack/hold/Fosh orders counter attack

“The Tide of the War begins to turn”

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Americans in the TrenchesAmericans in the Trenches

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“A Street in Arras”John Singer Sargent, 1918

“A Street in Arras”John Singer Sargent, 1918

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American Heroes p. 568Alvin York - Medal of Honor 1918

Eddie Rickenbacker

- Ace Pilot (26 Kills) - Fought 7 Gr. Planes at once - Medal of Honor 1918

Charles Whittlesey - Hero / “The Lost Battalion”

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Allies on the OffensiveBloody fighting begins to push the Germans back

1)St. Mihiel – U.S. Victory

2)Argonne Forest – Sept. 1918

over 1 million Americans were involved

(movie- The Lost Battalion)

Germany begins to realize defeat is eminent

- favorable peace is offered by Wilson(14pts)

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The Lost Battalion – Film Notes#22

1. Identify the Following from the Movie:Maj. Charles Whittlesey / Capt. McMurtry / Sgt. Gaedeke / Cher Ami Pvt. Rosen / Pvt. Lipasti / Pvt. Yoder / Pvt. Krotoshinsky

2. Make a list of any WWI technologies present in the film3. Discuss the Following Statement from the Movie.Write at least three(2) paragraphs to explain how this became a true statement.“The Germans gave them two choices-Surrender or Die. They chose a third.”

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11 a.m., November 11, 191811 a.m., November 11, 1918

The Armistice is Signed!

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9,000,000 Battle Field Dead

37,000,000 Casualties

9,000,000 Battle Field Dead

37,000,000 Casualties

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The Somme American Cemetery in France

The Somme American Cemetery in France

116,516 Americans Died116,516 Americans Died

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World War I CasualtiesWorld War I Casualties

Series10

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000

10,000,000 Russia

Germany

Austria-Hungary

France

Great Britain

Italy

Turkey

US

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Additional Questions to Deepen your Study 1) What were several problems faced by Miranda in

“Pale Horse, Pale Rider”?2) Did Progressives in America support the War?

Explain3) Did women help in the War effort? Explain4) How were African-Am. troops treated in WWI?

- by the American Govt. & Allies(Fr.)Opinions5) Was it necessary to have a draft in WWI? Is a

Draft ever necessary? Explain your reasons6) Should U.S. troops ever be placed under the

command of foreign generals when we are at war? Explain