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USA SOUTHWEST v. 2.0 xfrogplants

greenworks organic software

XfrogPlants | USA Southwest Library

Version 2.0




What's New, and Usage Informationfor XfrogPlants USA Southwest Library, Version 2.0

60 XFR (Xfrog) + 60 Models of one additional 3D format are included in the /Models folder. (You may select online at xfrog.com, or from your reseller, from most popular 3D formats, such as Maya, 3ds Max,Lightwave, CINEMA 4D, OBJ, 3ds, etc. to be the additional format included on your CDROM)

NOTE - If you purchase our DVDs, they contain ALL 3D formats listed above, inside the DVD, and more!

60 TIFF+Alpha Billboard Renders are included in the /Billboards folder.(You can map them onto single or crossed polygons, or drag and drop them directly into background images)

60 TIFF+Alpha Perspective Renders are included in the /Perspectives folder.(You can use their object buffer to place them into background images, ideal for quick comps)

Many Leaf and Bark and Flower Textures are replaced with Higher Quality Textures.(A year long search and collection effort has yielded much higher texture quality than earlier efforts)

Many Models were completely rebuilt for better accuracy.(Over the past 3 years we have greatly improved our knowledge and modeling capabilities and we have rebuiltmany early models, the results of many months of efforts is Version 2.0)

Each XfrogPlants Library is now available in several more popular 3D formats.(Maya, Vue d'Esprit, RIB, have been added to a long list of available additional 3d formats)

Each XfrogPlants Library PDF was re-created and showcases the quality of Version 2.0.(New nicer layout and now we exhibit all Models as Perspective Renders instead of one Render per Species)

Plugins are included to import XFR into Maya, 3ds max, Lightwave, and CINEMA 4D.

(You can directly import XfrogPlants models, or edits you make in Xfrog, into the above programs)

Xfrog Software, Plugins, Demos: http://www.xfrog.comXfrog User Group: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Xfrog/Xfrog User Gallery: http://www.xfrog.com/4images/

Legal

XfrogPlants, and related materials, including this documentation are copyright© 2004, Lintermann und Deussen GbR, greenworks organic software,Greifenhagener Str. 9, 10437 Berlin Germany. +49 30 46 79 63 31 fon, +49 30 46 79 63 32 fax.This PDF document may be freely copied and distributed in its entirety.

Author

This XfrogPlants documentation was created in November 2004 by Orio Menoni.

Orio Menoni Modeler

Jan Walter Schliep Modeler

Jan Heuschele Modeler

Tany Heider Rendering

Karin Rudokas Rendering

Peter Fantke Research and Development

Bernd Lintermann Research and Development

Oliver Deussen Research and Development

Stewart McSherry Product Manager

XfrogPlants Development




01. Century Plant( Agave americana, Agave americana var. Marginata )

Plant Origin : Eastern Mexico

Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, on very well-drained soil Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Century Plant blooms after 10 years in native areas and after 60 years incooler climates. It is monocarpic (dies after blooming) but produces many off-sets. Often used for fencing. The heart of the plant can be eaten when roasted.

model 4

1.4 m, green, yellow edge Agave americanavar. Marginata

model 5

1.4 m, green, yellow stripe Agave americanavar. Marginata

model 6

1.4 m, green, yellow edge Agave americanavar. Marginata

model 1

1.4 m, green Agave americana

model 2

1.5 m, bluish green Agave americana

model 3

1.3 m, green Agave americana




02. Desert Agave( Agave deserti )

Plant

Origin : Southern Arizona, Southern California, Baja California Environment : low desert scrub, from 350 to 2.200 m.

Climate : hot, warm Notes :

The Desert Agave grows under the full sun, on alkaline soil and sand.In Arizona, rosettes are often solitary, while in California they may form

large clumps. The Desert Agave was used for food by the Cahuilla people.

model 1

1.7 m (stem 4 m)green

model 2

1.7 m (stem 5 m)green, yellow flowers

model 3

1.6 mgreen




03. Bishop’s Cap( Astrophytum myriostigma, Astrophytum ornatum )

Plant

Origin : Central and Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, on dry soil


The family name Astrophytum means “star plant” (from ancient Greek), andrefers to the shape of this cactus. Bishop Cap is the vulgar name given

to the myriostigma species. Astrophyta come in many variations

and cultivars. They are one of the most popular cacti.

model 1

30 cm, bluish green Astrophytum

myriostigma lem

model 2

30 cm, green, yellow flower Astrophytum

myriostigma var. Potosinum

model 3

100 cm, green, white dots,yellow flower

Astrophytum ornatum




04. Giant Saguaro( Carnegiea gigantea )

Plant

Origin : Southern Arizona, Southeast of California, Northwest of Mexico Environment : desert Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Giant Saguaro is the largest member of the Cactaceae family. It can weightup to 12 tons and lives approx. 200 years. It does not thrive outside of it’s

wild native area. The flowers grow on the tips of branches and open

only in the cooler nights. The Giant Saguaro has been used asfood and drink, and it’s still used in ceremonies.

model 1

9 metresorange flowers

model 2

8.5 meterswhite flowers

model 3

10 metersyellow flowers




05. Paloverde( Cercidium floridum )

Tree/Shrub, evergreen broadleaf Shape: broad spreading

Origin : Arizona Environment : arid areas

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

A small tree or shrub, the Paloverde tree is very drought-resistant and growswell in all arid regions, where it finds no competition from similar species.

It’s yellow blooming (early spring) lasts a whole month.

It tolerates full sun. The fruit is edible.

model 1

9 meterstree, green

model 2

7 meterstree, yellow flowers

model 3

4 metersshrub, yellow flowers

model 4

5 metersshrub, green




06. Staghorn Cholla( Cylindropuntia versicolor )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA Environment : arid areas, on dry slopes

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Staghorn Cholla is often found in mixed stands together with Paloverde,Giant Saguaro and Prickly Pear. Chollas with green stems and purple

stems can be found next to each other. The central part of the

stem gets darker with age and turns into a woody structure.

model 1

3 metersgreen, red flowers

model 2

1.2 metersbrown, red flower

model 3

2 metersbrown, red flowers




07. Barrel Cactus( Echinocactus acanthodes )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, on rich, well-drained soil, full sun to light shade

Climate : hot, warm, mild Notes :

The Barrel Cactus is one of about ten species of Echinocacti coming from theSouthwest of USA. Like all Echinocacti, it needs full sun and little water, andis fairly cold-resistant, down to 20° F. (-7°C). The family name Echinocactus

comes from ancient Greek and means something like “hedgehog thistle”.

model 1

65 centimetresgreen, brown-yellow needles

model 2

100 centimetresgreen, yellow needles

model 3

180 centimetresgreen, brown-yellow needles




Plant

Origin : Southern USA (Texas, New Mexico), Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas


Respectively known as “Texas Rainbow Hedgehog” and “Arizona RainbowHedgehog”, both species (together with other varieties) are collectively known

as Rainbow Cactus. The Rainbow Cactus grows faster than the average succu-lentae. The fruits are rich of sugar and are appreciated by the desert fauna.

08. Rainbow Cactus( Echinocereus dasyacanthus, Echinocereus pectinatus )

model 1

30 centimetresgreen, red needles, dasyacanthus

model 2

30 centimetresgreen, red needles

yellow flower dasyacanthus

model 3

40 centimetresdark green,

light grey needles

pectinatus

model 4

40 centimetresdark green, light grey

needles, purple flower

pectinatus




Plant

Origin : USA (Southern California, Arizona), Mexico (Baja California) Environment : arid areas, full sunlight to light shade


The Strawberry Hedgehog is one of the most common hedgehog cacti in theSouthwest of America, but there are many subspecies and some of themare rare. It grows slowly and needs little water. The fruits are edible and

they taste like strawberries. They are eaten by birds and rodents.

09. Strawberry Hedgehog( Echinocereus engelmannii )

model 1

25 centimetresgreen, grey-brown needles

model 2

30 centimetresgreen, yellow needles

model 3

40 centimetresbrown-green, grey needles




10. Arizona Barrel Cactus( Ferocactus wislizenii )

Plant

Origin : Sonora and Chihuahua deserts (Arizona, New Mexico) Environment : on desert washes, gravely slopes, beneath canyon walls

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Arizona Barrel cactus is part of the Ferocactus genus, whose name means “wild cactus”. These species are always cylindrical or barrel-shaped and

amongst the largest cacti of North America. The flowers always grow at the top

of the plant. The fruits are fleshy and juicy, but they’re not considered edible.

model 1

1.5 metersgreen, grey needles

model 2

2 metersgreen, grey needles

model 3

1 meter green, grey needles




11. Ocotillo( Fouqueria splendens )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of North America Environment : arid areas, on rocky slopes and mountain sides

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

Also known as Candlewood. Although the Ocotillo looks like a cactus, it is notpart of the cacti family. It is a drought-deciduous plant, meaning that the

stems are leafless in dry times, growing leaves only in the better

times. Ocotillo is often used for natural fencing because newplants grow easily by planting single stems.

model 1

3 metersgreen leaf

model 2

3.5 metersgreen leaf

model 3

3.5 metersgreen leaf, red flower

model 4

3.5 metersgreen leaf, red flower

(low poly)




12. Organ Pipe Cactus( Lemaireocereus thurberi, Stenocereus thurberi )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Organ Pipe Cactus is a large cactus forming a cluster of stems up to 6 m.tall. Several similar species exist in the native regions. Blooming is June

through July. The fruit is edible and harvested by native areas

people. The fruits can be stewed into jam or candied.

model 4

3.5 meters, greenStenocereus

model 5


model 6


model 1

4 meters, greenLemaireocereus

model 2

4.8 meters, greenLemaireocereus

model 3

4.1 meters, greenLemaireocereus




Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA (Arizona) Environment : hillsides and bajadas, uplands, often growing on the rocks

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

Also known as Arizona Fishhook. The stem of Miller’s Pincushion is almostcompletely covered by a layer of radial spines. The flowers appear in May

or June, or after summer rains. The small, hooked spines can easily

hook into the flesh of animals, as an effective defence.

13. Miller’s Pincushion( Mammillaria millerii )

model 1

40 centimetresgreen

white-purple flower

model 2

50 centimetresgreen

model 3

38 centimetresgreen

white-purple flower

model 4

40 centimetresgroup of cacti




Plant

Origin : Southwest USA (California, Arizona, New Mexico), Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, on mesas and dry rocky slopes up to 900 m.

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

This Cholla usually grows on a single stem, the sharp spines have a fuzzyappearance when seen from a distance. It grows in full sunlight on

dry, rocky slopes. It can form impenetrable barriers and

it’s therefore useful for natural fencing.

14. Teddy Bear Cholla( Opuntia bigelovii )

model 1

1.6 metersmodel 2

1.4 metersmodel 3

1.3 meters




Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA (Arizona, California), Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, on well-drained, dry soil, from 300 to 1.300 m.

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Prickly Pear Cactus is a well diffused plant in the Southwest of North Amer-ica, growing in the full sun, needing little or no water even for long periods. Thefruits are edible and loved by wildlife. The attractive flowers bloom April to May.

15. Prickly Pear( Opuntia engelmannii )

model 1

1.1 m, green orange flower,

purple pear

model 2


purple pear (group)

model 3


purple pear (group)




16. Santa Rita Prickly Pear( Opuntia engelmannii var. Violacea )

Plant

Origin : Sonora desert (Arizona) Environment : arid areas, on dry rocky slopes


The Santa Rita Prickly Pear is a slow growing cactus of purple colour whenyoung or when drought-stressed, or cold-stressed. At adult age, in normal

conditions, it’s pads are of a dusty blue-grey colour. The chromatic

appeal make of this cactus a popular choice for potting.Flowers (April-May) are lemon yellow coloured.

model 1

1.1 metersgroup, purple

model 2


model 3





17. Jumping Cholla( Opuntia fulgida )

Plant

Origin : Southern Arizona, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, from 300 to 1.000 m.

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

Also known as “Chainfruit Cholla” or “Hanging Chain Cholla” because of thehanging fruits. The name “jumping” comes from the ease with which the

needles detach when brushed, like if they jump onto you. The spines

on the older stems are of a darker colour than on the youngstems, where they’re of a straw-like colour.

model 1

2.5 metersmodel 2

2 metersmodel 3

1.1 meters




18. Pencil Cholla( Opuntia ramosissima )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, on sandy very well-drained soil

Climate : hot, warm, mild

Notes :

Also known as “Diamond Cholla” or “Branching Pencil”. It blooms in late Spring.The numerous minute spines are easily dislodged at the simple touch, and

they get stuck in the skin, where they are difficult to remove.

The Pencil Cholla is fairly cold-tolerant.

model 1

1.6 metersmodel 2

1.4 metersmodel 3

1.2 meters




19. Joshua Tree( Yucca brevifolia )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, in full or partial sunlight, on sandy rocky soil

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

Joshua Tree is a large, erect arboreal plant, usually (but not always) single-stemmed. Branches are erect, either ascending or spreading. Young exemplarsare usually not branched while adult ones are forked and dense. It’s not easy

to tell the age of a Joshua Tree because of the absence of annual rings.The sweet blossoms, the seeds, and the juicy fruits are all edible.

model 1

9 metersgreen leaf

model 2


model 3





20. Soaptree Yucca( Yucca elata )

Plant

Origin : Southwest of North America Environment : grasslands, desert areas

Climate : hot, warm

Notes :

The Soaptree Yucca is present in many desert scrub communities and is also animportant plant in the semi-desert grasslands. Native Arizonans used to makebaskets with the leaves. They also used to eat the blossoms, which are indeed

edible. The roots were used to make soap (hence the name of Soaptree).

model 1


model 2

3.8 metersbrown-green leaf

model 3

4 meters (9 with flower)green leaf, white flowers




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