Use of “Betray” in Greek

Word “paradidwmi” is NEVER translated as “betray” in Classical Greek

Word “paradidwmi” occurs numerous times in the Septuagint (LXX) but never in the setting of betrayal

In Josephus (Jewish historian / Army General who betrayed Jews to Rome) uses “paradidwmi” 293 times but never as betrayal. He uses “prodidwmi” or “prodosia”

Use of “Betray” in Gospels

Word “paradidwmi” occurs 122 timesWord “paradidwmi” occurs 59 times

relating to Jesus’ death27 times it is translated “hand “hand

over”over” when it is notnot used in reference to Judas

32 it is translated as “betray”“betray” when it is used in reference to Judas.

Use of “Betray” in Paul

Judas is NEVER mentioned by PaulIn several contexts the same term is

used 1 Cor 11:23 - General reference Rom 4:25 - Passive (us or God) Rom 8:32 - God Gal 2:20 - Jesus Himself

Who Was Judas?

Judas’ name is mentioned twenty (20) times in the four Gospels and two (2) in Acts. And it has five different forms.

1. Judas, the hellenized form of the Hebrew name.(VIou,daj; Yehudah; hd'Whyi) Mark 14:43; Matt 26:25; Luke 22:47; John 13:29

Who Was Judas?

2. Judas Iscariot, the semetic form of Iscariot. (Viou,dan Viskariw,q) Mark 3:19; Luke 6:16

3. Judas, the Iscariot (Viou,daj o` Viskariw,thj) Matt 10:4; Luke 22:3; John 6:71

Who Was Judas?

4. Judas, the one called Judas Iscariot (o` lego,menoj VIou,daj Viskariw,thj) Matt 26:14; Luke 23:3; John 6:71

5. Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot (to.n VIou,dan Si,mwnoj Viskariw,tou) John 13:2

What Might “Iscariot” Mean?

1. That the term means “the false one” and is derived from the Hebrew word shacar (rqv,): WHO HE IS

2. That the term means “the deliverer” and is derived from the Hebrew word sakar (rKs): WHAT HE DOES

3. That the term indicates his hometown, from the village of Kerioth (Joshua 15:25?):

THE PLACE OF HIS ORIGIN

What Might “Iscariot” Mean?

4. That the term is a reference to Judas belonging to the militant group “Sicarii” perhaps a branch of the Zealots. THE LIFE HE LIVED

What Do We Know About Judas?

1. He was “one of the Twelve”2. He paid a price to follow Jesus3. He witnessed the coming Kingdom in

Jesus4. He cast out demons5. He heard the master-teacher, first hand6. Judas seemed to be on good terms with

the other disciples.7. Jesus loved him to the end.

What is Missing from Mark’s Judas?

1. Jesus does not name Judas as the “betrayer.”# NOT, in the anointing paragraph (14:3-9) #NOT, in the betrayal prediction (14:17-21) #NOT, in the cry of woe (14:21)

2. No connection between Judas and the demonic

What is Missing from Mark’s Judas?

3. No motive for the “betrayal” is discussed

# Psychology is out, theology is in! # Scripture is the basis for action Explicitly: 14:27; 14:49; 15:34 Implicitly: e.g. Psalm 41:9; Psalm 22;

Zech 13:7

What is Missing from Mark’s Judas?

4. Judas is not the real villain; Simon Peter is! # The text goes so far as to imply that any one of the disciples could have been the “betrayer.”

5. Judas’ death is not recorded in Mark