useful presentation of data: letting the data speak ariel barak rock county dmc data analyst 1 dmc...
TRANSCRIPT
Useful Presentation of Data: Letting the Data Speak
Ariel Barak
Rock County DMC Data Analyst
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DMC Action Network – Technical Assistance Series: DMC Coordinators Seminar One
2009.12.07
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Overview of Presentation
1. Graphing Best Practices
2. Explaining System Flow and Definitions
3. Seasonal Effects on the Juvenile Justice System
4. Raw Reductions vs. Rate Reductions
5. The Importance of Current and Local Data
• Population changes over time – Census Data vs. School Enrollment
• Data Specificity - Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) vs. Law Enforcement Records Management Systems (RMS)
3
Graphing Best Practices
Dow Jones Industrial Average @ Close, 11/18/2009-12/2/2009
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Graphing Best Practices
Dow Jones Industrial Average @ Close, 11/18/2009-12/2/2009
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Scale All Graphs to Start at Zero
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Graphing Best Practices
Dow Jones Industrial Average @ Close, 11/18/2009-12/2/2009
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Graphing Best Practices
History of the Dow Jones Industrial Average: 1900-2007
Issues with this graph?
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Graphing Best Practices
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 1900-2007
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2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
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1905
1910
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DJI
A
DJIA Close
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Graphing Best Practices
BPD, JPD, RCSO Total Arrests by Year
3,402 3,106 3,062 3,319 3,313 2,757 2,610
7,119 6,594 6,935 6,905 6,309 7,289 6,576
7,482 8,235 7,886 7,5797,082 7,321
7,702
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
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20,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Janesville PD
Beloit PD
Rock Co. SO
BPD, JPD, RCSO Total Arrests by Year
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Janesville PD
Beloit PD
Rock Co. SO
Same Data, Different Graphs
Showing the same data in different graphs can add context
9
Explaining System Flow and Definitions
Why should this be done?
• Empower non-system agents with knowledge
• Educate system agents as to what happens outside of their sphere of knowledge
• Ensure everyone is talking about the same decision point or issue
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Explaining System Flow and Definitions
What is important?
• Explain the usual path a case takes, not each and every possible outcome
• Explain what a term means - Apprehension Request vs. Capias
• Explain the implication(s) of a decision
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Explaining System Flow and Definitions
ArrestJuvenile
Probation
District Attorney
District Attorney
Juvenile Court
Not Guilty
Formal Supervision (Probation)
Corrections Placement
Restitution and or Community Service
Alternatives Consent Decree
Impose and Stayed
Citation
Fine
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Explaining System Flow and Definitions
Examples from Site Coordinators
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Our Business is Seasonal
Rock County Juvenile Probation: Referrals and Pager Contacts by Month
0
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2001
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2006
2007
2008
2009
Average
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Our Business is Seasonal
Rock County Juvenile Probation: Referrals and Pager Contacts by Month
0
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100
150
200
250
300
350
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2007
2008
2009
Which comparison makes more sense?
• October 2009 vs September 2009
• October 2009 vs October 2008
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Our Business is Seasonal
Rock County Juvenile Detention Center: Admissions by Month and Year
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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Ad
mis
sio
ns
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2001
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2009
Average
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Our Business is Seasonal
Which comparison makes more sense?
• September 2009 vs August 2009
• September 2009 vs September 2008
Rock County Juvenile Detention Center: Admissions by Month and Year
0
20
40
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140
160
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Ad
mis
sio
ns
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2008
2009
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Review: How a Relative Rate Index (RRI) value is Calculated
Black Relative Rate Index Value Example at Point of Arrest:
526 White Arrests
1,252 White YouthX 1,000 = 420.13
374 Black Arrests739 Black Youth
X 1,000 = 506.09
506.09
420.13= 1.20
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Raw Reductions vs Rate Reductions (RRI)
No Yes
No
Yes
RRI Reduction
Raw
Red
uct
ion
Almost any comparison of yearly data will fit in one of the boxes above
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Raw Reductions vs Rate Reductions (RRI)
No Yes
No X
Yes
RRI Reduction
Raw
Red
uct
ion Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI
White 1000 200 200.00 1000 300 300.00Black 300 120 400.00 2.00 300 240 800.00 2.67
Total 1300 320 246.15 1300 540 415.38
Base YearRace / Ethnicity
Alpha CountyCurrent Year
Alpha County - Raw Increase and Rate Increase
200
300
120
240 2.00
2.67
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Base Year Current Year Base Year Current Year
Arr
ests
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ck A
rres
t R
RI
Black Arrests
White Arrests
Black Arrest RRI
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Raw Reductions vs Rate Reductions (RRI)
No Yes
No X
Yes
RRI Reduction
Raw
Red
uct
ion Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI
White 1000 200 200.00 1000 250 250.00Black 300 120 400.00 2.00 300 90 300.00 1.20
Total 1300 320 246.15 1300 340 261.54
Beta CountyRace /
EthnicityBase Year Current Year
Beta County - Raw Increase and Rate Decrease
200250
12090
2.00
1.20
0
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600
Base Year Current Year Base Year Current Year
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ests
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ck A
rres
t R
RI
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Raw Reductions vs Rate Reductions (RRI)
No Yes
No
Yes X
RRI Reduction
Raw
Red
uct
ion Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI
White 1000 200 200.00 1000 100 100.00Black 300 120 400.00 2.00 300 75 250.00 2.50
Total 1300 320 246.15 1300 175 134.62
Race / Ethnicity
Base Year Current YearCharlie County
Charlie County - Raw Decrease and Rate Increase
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2.00
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Base Year Current Year Base Year Current Year
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ests
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Raw Reductions vs Rate Reductions (RRI)
No Yes
No
Yes X
Raw
Red
uct
ion
RRI Reduction
Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRI Population Arrests Arrest Rate RRIWhite 1000 200 200.00 1000 100 100.00Black 300 120 400.00 2.00 300 30 100.00 1.00
Total 1300 320 246.15 1300 130 100.00
Race / Ethnicity
Base Year Current YearDelta County
Delta County - Raw Decrease and Rate Decrease
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Base Year Current Year Base Year Current Year
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ck A
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t R
RI
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White Arrests
Black Arrest RRI
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Raw Reductions vs Rate Reductions (RRI)
Examples from Site Coordinators
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Shifts in Population
Examples from Site Coordinators
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Shifts in Population: A Rock County Example
Beloit School District - Enrollment Count by Year, 10-16 Year Olds
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Per
cen
t
White
Black
Hispanic
Asian
Am Ind
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009White 2,171 2,310 2,171 2,164 2,182 2,079 1,986 1,867 1,809 1,683Black 995 1,100 1,035 1,038 1,065 1,052 1,021 998 965 944Hispanic 353 450 460 524 586 645 750 806 852 900Asian 41 31 29 39 41 43 38 40 39 37Am Ind 11 12 11 15 18 17 19 20 18 21
Total 3,571 3,903 3,706 3,780 3,892 3,836 3,814 3,731 3,683 3,585
Beloit School District - Enrollment Count by Year, 10-16yr olds
RaceYear
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Shifts in Population – Why It Matters
Race/EthnicityCensus -
2000 2008 Arrests
2008 Arrest Rate -
Census RRI - CensusWhite Non-Hispanic 5,664 1,265 223Black or African American 110 430 3,909 17.50Hispanic 188 206 1,096 4.91
Race/Ethnicity
School Enrollment -
2009 2008 Arrests
2008 Arrest Rate -
Enrollment RRI - EnrollmentWhite Non-Hispanic 4,478 1,265 282Black or African American 317 430 1,356 4.80Hispanic 394 206 523 1.85
Janesville RRI - Census 2000 vs. School Enrollment 2009
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Shifts in Population – Why It Matters
Race/EthnicityCensus -
2000 2008 Arrests
2008 Arrest Rate -
Census RRI - CensusWhite Non-Hispanic 2,354 481 204Black or African American 837 876 1,047 5.12Hispanic 333 208 625 3.06
Race/Ethnicity
School Enrollment -
2009 2008 Arrests
2008 Arrest Rate -
Enrollment RRI - EnrollmentWhite Non-Hispanic 1,683 481 286Black or African American 944 876 928 3.25Hispanic 900 208 231 0.81
Beloit RRI - Census 2000 vs. School Enrollment 2009
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Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Arrest Data
Issues with UCR Data
• Does not require collection of Ethnicity - Hispanic / Non-Hispanic
• Arrest information regarding Age, Sex, and Race is not all kept in the same table
• Juvenile Arrests include youth 0-17, regardless of local age of majority
• Very aggregated - no names, addresses, times, or statute specificity
Code Offense White Black AmInd Asian Total26 All Other (Except Traffic) 948 462 7 3 1,42024 Disorderly Conduct 666 378 2 4 1,0506 Theft 421 128 0 1 55029 Runaways 282 158 3 4 44728 Curfew and Loitering 228 179 1 1 40922 Liquor Laws 289 48 4 1 3428 Other Assaults 127 114 0 3 24414 Vandalism 180 54 0 0 234187 Marijuana Possession 120 49 0 0 16915 Weapons 45 16 1 0 62
Source: Wisconsin Office of Justice Assistance - Statistical Analysis Center
2007 Rock County Juvenile Arrests by Offense by Frequency - Total
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Local Law Enforcement Agency Arrest Data
Benefits of Local Arrest Data• Collects Ethnicity - Hispanic / Non-Hispanic
• Arrest information regarding Age, Sex, Race, Name, Address, Time, Statute, and UCR Category is kept
• Allows you to answer more specific questions and present more meaningful data analysis
Statute Description Statute Black Hispanic White TotalTruancy or Habitual Truancy 15.26(2) 42 25 34 101Disorderly Conduct - Muni 947.01-15.01 40 9 13 62Disorderly Conduct 947.01 29 5 7 41Battery-(Misdemeanor) 940.19(1) 19 1 9 29Possession of THC Less than 25 Grams-Muni 961.41(3g)(e)-15.01 7 2 7 16Theft < or = $1,000 943.20(1)(a)(3)(a) 10 0 5 15Juv PO Hold/Apprehension Request 938.19(1)(d)6 9 0 5 14Poss Dangerous Weapon on School Grounds 948.61(1) 3 0 7 10Resist or Obstruct Officer 946.41(1) 8 1 1 10Daytime Curfew 15.27 5 1 2 8
Beloit PD 2008 - Juvenile Arrests in Beloit Schools
Description Address ArrestsMemorial High School 1225 FOURTH ST 114Aldrich Middle School 1859 NORTHGATE DR 64McNeel Middle School 1524 FREDERICK ST 41Shopko 2761 PRAIRIE AV 20Beloit PD 100 STATE ST 19Residence XXXX SUMMIT AV 11Keeler Grocery 1303 KEELER AV 10Residence XXXX SAINT LAWRENCE AV 9CVS 2785 MILW RD 9Residence XXXX BURTON ST 8
Beloit PD 2008 - Top 10 Addresses - Black Juvenile Arrests
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Questions?
