using oss at an internet company and hacker culture; linux enterprise users meeting 2013
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Using OSS at an Internet Company and Hacker Culture. Linux Enterprise Users Meeting, at December 11, 2013.TRANSCRIPT
Hiro Yoshioka, Technical Managing Officer,!Rakuten, Inc.!
Using Open Source at an Internet Company and
Hacker Culture!
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Agenda
• Using OSS at Rakuten and Hacker Culture
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whoami
Name: Hiro Yoshioka Title: Technical Managing Officer Company: Rakuten, Inc 2009 – present My mission: Empower Our Engineers, Build hacker centric culture Twitter: @hyoshiok http://d.hatena.ne.jp/hyoshiok (Diary in Japanese) http://someday-join-us.blogspot.jp/ (in English)
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whoami
Name: Hiro Yoshioka 2009-present, Rakuten 2000-2008, Miracle Linux, CTO 2002-2003, OSDL board member 1994-2000, Oracle 1984-1994, DEC 1984 Keio University (MS)
I have one patch to Linux Kernel J x86: cache pollution aware patch 2006/6/23, 2.6.18
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c22ce143d15eb288543fe9873e1c5ac1c01b69a1
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Who are we?
l Rakuten, Inc.
l Internet services company
l Founded : Feb. 7th 1997, Tokyo, Japan
l The first service: Rakuten Ichiba (shopping mall)
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Who are we?
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Rakuten in Japan
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Rakuten Eagles is No. 1
http://event.rakuten.co.jp/campaign/eagles/group/
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Open Source
• History – Public domain – Proprietary Software – Free Software,
• GNU, 1983, • GNU General Public License, 1989
– Netscape opened source code, 1998
– Open Source software
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Free Software license
• Free Software – right to use, modify, redistribute
• copyleft – require same license to derivative
works • permissive
– don’t require same license
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Free Software license
• copyleft – GNU General Public License, AGPL
• permissive – MIT, Apache, BSD
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Why OSS
• Innovation – collaboration with community
• Flexibility – freedom from vendor lock in
• Quality – fixing bugs, enhancements
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Top 20 Licenses (2012)
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/data/top-20-licenses
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Most of github hosted projects did not have any license.
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/infographics/deep-license-data
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How can we choose it?
http://choosealicense.com
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Why do we need OSS license?
• Collaboration model • Ban Free riders
– The Tragedy of the Commons
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Top 20 Licenses (2012)
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/data/top-20-licenses
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copyleft vs permissive
Source License 2008 2011 2012 Black Duck GNU GPL 70% 56.9% 53.2%
Permissive N/A 25.6% 32.3% FLOSS Mole
GNU GPL 70.8% 62.8% 62.8% Permissive 10.9% 13.4% 13.7%
Google Code
GNU GPL N/A 54.7% 52.7% Permissive N/A 38.0% 37.1%
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o82QmitU4XE OSCON 2013, Eileen Evans, "Licensing Models and Building an Open Source Community"
Projects are increasingly using permissive licenses.
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OSS Community • Typical OSS community
– Charisma, top programmers (e.g., Matsumoto san (Ruby), Linus Torvalds (Linux))
– Committers (top notch programmers who have the right to add/modify the OSS)
– Contributors (programmers who submit bug fixes, new proposals, patches)
– Casual users (report bugs, ask questions, etc)
committers
charisma
contributors
casual users
Matz Yugui
Linus
Greg K Hartman
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AGreg_Kroah-Hartman_lks08.jpg
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Linux
• commits 459K+ • contributors 11K+ • lines of code 16M+ • License GPL v2 • http://www.ohloh.net/p/linux
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Ruby
• commits 32K+ • contributors 90 • lines of code 946K+ • license GPL v2+, Ruby • http://www.ohloh.net/p/ruby
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Contributions to recent open source projects
License Project Year Started
Number of Commits
Number of Contributors
Lines of Code
Apache 2.0 OpenStack 2010 62,000+ 1,043 874,625+
Apache 2.0 CloudStack 2010 17,000+ 184 1.7 million+
GPLv3 Eucalyptus 2009 72,000+ 70 1.3 millions
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o82QmitU4XE OSCON 2013, Eileen Evans, "Licensing Models and Building an Open Source Community"
(as of May 2013)
http://www.ohloh.net/p/openstack http://www.ohloh.net/p/CloudStack http://www.ohloh.net/p/eucalyptus
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Open source and Bazaar
• Open source software (OSS) – software license
• Bazaar – Software development model – global distributed collaborative work
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Hacker Ethics
• Sharing • Openness • Decentraization • Free access to computers • World improvement • Levy, Steven. (1984, 2001). Hackers: Heroes of
the Computer Revolution (updated edition). Penguin. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/729
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Hacker Ethics
• Access to computers—and anything which might teach you something about the way the world works—should be unlimited and total. Always yield to the Hands-On Imperative!
• All information should be free • Mistrust authority – promote decentralization • Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not
criteria such as degrees, age, race, sex, or position • You can create art and beauty on a computer • Computers can change your life for the better
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Hacker Culture, Common Value
• Computers can change your life for the better • rough consensus and working code
• http://www.ietf.org/tao.html • It’s better to ask forgiveness than permission.
• If it's a good idea, go ahead and do it. It is much easier to apologize than it is to get permission. By Grace Hopper
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The Hacker Way (Facebook) IPO 2012
• Code wins arguments • Continuous Improvement and Iteration • Open and Meritocratic • Hackathon • Bootcamp • http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/zuck-
letter/
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Web 2.0 • Software products vs Internet Services
• http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html 9/30/2005
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Web_2.0_Map.svg
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Netscape vs Google • A native web application, never sold or
packaged, but delivered as a service • None of the trappings of the old software
industry are present. • No scheduled software releases, just continuous
improvement. • No licensing or sale, just usage. • No porting to different platforms, …, just a
massively scalable collection of commodity PCs running OSS operating systems plus homegrown applications and utilities that no one outside the company ever gets to see.
http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
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OSS at Rakuten
• OSS is everywhere – Manual for collaborating with OSS
community – OSS training
• Homegrown applications – ROMA (Distributed KVS) – LeoFS (File System)
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Open source
• Open information, it evolves • Patents, Copyright
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• Open source, patents, copyright, • The architecture is different but
purpose is the same • Making the world better
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Open Innovation
• The technology at outside – collaboration is important
• Innovation at outside – vs NIH (Not Invented Here)
• Community – fun
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Why do we need OSS license?
• Collaboration model • Ban Free riders
– The Tragedy of the Commons
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IT Seminar Calendar of Japan http://bit.ly/QmRFiS more than 300 meetings/month
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Conferences in Japan 䜹䞁䝣䜯䝺䞁䝇䜹䞁䝣䜯䝺䞁䝇
http://ll.jus.or.jp/2013/ http://phpcon.php.gr.jp/w/2012/ http://yapcasia.org/2013/ http://2012.pycon.jp/index.html http://nodefest.jp/2012/
http://rubykaigi.org/2013
http://connpass.com/event/2253/?disp_content=presentation#tabs
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Conference
• Running by volunteers • Inexpensive, e.g., 5000 yen/day ($50/day) • Numbers attendees; more than 100 - 1000 • Sharing technical knowledge and networking • Beer Bash or Drinking Party (optional) • Examples, LL event, PHP Conference, YAPC (Yet
another perl conference), RubyKaigi, Tokyo Node Gakuen (Javascript)
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cf. Commercial Conference
• Running by corporation • Expensive, e.g., $300-$500/day • Numbers attendees; more than 1000 • Sharing technical knowledge and networking • Party (optional) • Examples, OSCON $2045 (5 days),
http://www.oscon.com/oscon2013
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In Japan
• Engineers at Web companies • IT study sessions, workshops,
meetups • Sharing common value
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Open Innovation
• Open Source community = Engine of open innovation
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• Be Hacker. • Make the world a better place.
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reference
• License – http://www.slideshare.net/YutakaKachi/20110211 – http://handsout.jp/slide/1009
• Bazaar model – Producing OSS http://producingoss.com/ja/ – Cathedral and Bazaar
http://cruel.org/freeware/cathedral.html
• Open Innovation – http://books.rakuten.co.jp/rb/5913864/ – http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/tyousakai/seisaku/
haihu07/sanko1.pdf