using packet tracer 2

8/17/2019 Using Packet Tracer 2

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Using Packet Tracer


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What is Packet Tracer?

Packet Tracer is a protocol simulator developed by DennisFrezzo and his team at Cisco Systems

Packet Tracer !PT" is a po#er$ul and dynamic tool thatdisplays the various protocols used in net#orking% in

either◦ &eal Time or

◦ Simulation mode

This includes

◦ 'ayer ( protocols such as% )thernet and PPP% l

◦ 'ayer * protocols such as +P% +C,P% and -&P% and l

◦ 'ayer . protocols such as TCP and UDP

◦ &outing protocols can also be traced


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Introduction to the

Packet TracerInterface using a Hub

Topology


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Step 1: Start Packet Tracer and Entering Simulation Mode


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Some important modules


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/ ,enu 0ar1( ,ain Tool 0ar1

* Common Tools 0ar

. 'ogical2Physical Workspace and 3avigation 0ar1

4 Workspace1

5 &ealtime2Simulation 0ar1

6 3et#ork Component 0o71

8 Device9Type Selection 0o71

: Device9Speci;c Selection 0o71

/


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Creating a simple topology

/ From the net#ork component bo7% click on )nd Devicesand drag9and9drop a =eneric PC icon and a =enericlaptop icon into the Workspace

( Click on Connections% then click on Copper Cross9>ver%then on PC


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* Click on the PC% go to the Desktop tab% click on +P

Con;guration% and enter an +P address and subnetmask +n this topology% the de$ault gate#ay and D3Sserver in$ormation is not needed as there are only t#oend devices in the net#ork

. Close the #indo#% open the laptop% and assign an +P

address to it in the same #ay ,ake sure that both o$the +P addresses are in the same subnet


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/ Close the +P Con;guration bo7% open the command

prompt% and ping the +P address o$ the device at theend to check connectivity


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-dd an )thernet s#itch to this topology so that more than t#o end devices can be connected

/ Click on S#itches $rom the device9type selection bo7and insert any s#itch !e7cept S#itch9PT9)mpty" into the#orkspace

( &emove the link bet#een the PC and the laptop using

the delete tool $rom the common tools bar* Choose the Copper Straight9Through cable and connect

the PC and laptop #ith the s#itch -t this point% the linkindicators on the s#itch are orange in color because thes#itchports are undergoing the listening and learning

states o$ the Spanning Tree Protocol !STP"


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-dd an )thernet s#itch to this topology so that more than t#o end devices can be connected

. >nce the link turns green% as sho#n in the previousscreenshot% ping again to check the connectivity Thene7t chapter% Chapter (% 3et#ork Devices% #ill deal #ith

the con;guration o$ net#ork devices

4 4 To save this topology% navigate to File Save -s andchoose a location The topology #ill be saved #ith apkt e7tension% #ith the devices in the same state


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- router provides connectivity bet#een t#o logicalnet#orks )very router in Packet Tracer can be

s#itched on or o@ by using the provided po#er button

The po#er s#itch is reAuired to make a device simulateits real counterpart ,odules can be added orremoved only a$ter po#ering o@ the device +$ the

running con;guration is not saved% po#er cycling adevice #ill make it lose its con;guration

Cisco devices and Packet Tracer devices

Routers


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Cisco /5


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Cisco 1841 series router

Cisco 1841 router is designed for medium size branch office. It provides secure data connectivity and significant additional features. can install any supported interface based on your reuirement.


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Cisco !"## series router

!"## series of router are specially made to connect $thernet or token ring

net%orks via I&'( or serial connections.

This series of router had ) interface slots available* ! synchronous serial

interface and 1 I&'( port.


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Cisco !+## series router

!+## series is a modular router that e,tend performance by providing

fle,ible -( and /( configurations* multiple security options* voice anddata integration.

This series of router delivers high density* enhanced security performance*

and concurrent application support.


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&%itch

&%itch is a device that connects devices together on a computer net%ork.

/hen it receives a frame* it checks its destination address and for%ard the

frame from matching port.

!0+# &%itch provides cost effective net%ork connectivity solution for branch

office and medium size business.

It has ! uplink ports of 1 bps. It is available in t%o variant !4 and 48 fast$thernet ports.


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Cisco /8./1 This is an +ntegrated Service &outer !+S&" having t#oFast )thernet ports% t#o slots $or Bigh Speed W-3 +nter$ace Cards!BW+Cs"% and one slot $or -dvanced +ntegration ,odule !-+,"

Cisco /:./1 This is similar to the previous model but runs on Cisco+>S ersion /4 +t has t#o ports that operate at =igabit )thernetspeeds

Cisco (5(


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Cisco (8//1 This +S& comes #ith t#o Fast )thernet ports% $our W+Cslots% and a dual slot $or -+,

Cisco (:


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Cisco (:4


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Cisco *45S This is the only customizable s#itch #ith /< slots and several modules


Switches


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Other devices

Bub PT1 This net#ork hub #as the oldest #ay to connectmultiple end devices together +t still e7ists in Packet Tracer sothat you can simulate and learn about net#ork storms andbroadcasts This Packet Tracer device has /< slots

&epeater PT1 This device is used to boost the signal on a #ire#hen the distance bet#een t#o points is high WeGll be using itin Chapter 5, Navigating and Modifying the Physical Workspace;this device has two slots.

Coa7ial Splitter PT1 This is used to split a single coa7ialconnector into t#o +t has three coa7ial ports and cannot becustomized in any #ay


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Customizing devices witmodules- device module is a piece o$ hard#are containingseveral device inter$aces For e7ample% a BW+C9.)SWmodule contains $our )thernet !/< ,0ps" ports Similarto a real router2s#itch% the device has to be po#eredo@ in order to add or remove modules

The po#er s#itch is on the right9hand side o$ each

device% #ith a green ')D indicating that the po#er ison

Click on this s#itch to turn it o@

To add a module% drag one $rom the modules list anddrop it onto an empty slot

To remove a module% po#er o@ the device and drag it$rom the slot back to the module list


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3aming Convention

BW+C9.)SW !$our )thernet s#itching ports"W+C9/)3)T !single )thernet port"3,9/) !single )thernet port"

3,9/F)9T !single Fast )thernet port"3,9.) !$our )thernet ports"3,9)SW9/5/ !/5 )thernet s#itching ports"PT9&>UT)&93,9/C)% PT9&>UT)&93,9/CF)% PT9&>UT)& 93,9/C=) !Packet Tracer custommodules"


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!ccessing te C"I

The Command2line Interface of a device in Packet Tracer can be

accessed in t%o %ays3

The CI tab

Console port

lthough it is possible to access a device through && or Telnet*

these are Cisco methods and are not e,clusive to Packet Tracer.


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!ccessing te C"IThe CI tab

This is the simplest %ay of accessing the Command2line Interface of

a device5 click on a net%ork device* navigate to the CI tab! and

booting process will be seen"


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!ccessing te C"IThe Console port

There is no difference bet%een %hat is seen and controlled in this

method and the previous one* but the Console Port can be used to

make the topology look similar to the real %orld. 6ollo% the steps to

configure the console port3

1. dd a PC or a laptop to the %orkspace.

!. Choose connections* and then click on the console cable.

). Connect the console cable of the net%ork device to the 7&2!)!

port of the PClaptop.

4. 9pen the PClaptop* navigate to the 'esktop tab* open Terminal*

and then %ith the default settings* click on 9: to vie% the console.The follo%ing screenshot displays a router;s console through its

terminal3


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Con#guring network devices

- device modulePacket Tracer provides a Con;g tabthat contains =U+ options $or the most commoncon;gurations WhatGs more% as you tinker #ith the=U+% its eAuivalent Cisco +>S command is alsodisplayed


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Creating a 3et#ork Topology

Console1 This is a console cable that is used to vie# thenet#ork deviceGs console $rom a PC2laptop >ne end o$the cable connects to the console port o$ a net#orkdevice #hile the other one connects to the &S9(*( porton a PC2laptop

Copper straight9through1 This is a standard )thernetcable that is used to connect t#o devices that operate indi@erent layers o$ the >S+ model !suc as u$ torouter and switc to PC" +t can be used #ith )thernet%Fast )thernet and =igabit )thernet port types

Copper cross9over1 This )thernet cable connects devicesoperating in the same >S+ layer !suc as u$ to u$%

PC to PC% PC to router% and PC to printer&' This cable


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Testing connectivity wit P()s

>nce a topology has been created% connectivity can betested bet#een devices by using either simple orcomple7 PDUs -lthough it is possible to do the same bypinging devices $rom their command9line inter$ace% usingthe PDU option is Auicker $or large topologies


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&outing #ith >SPF


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Cisco +>S ,ode

Cisco I9& supports various command modes* among those follo%ing

are the main command modes.

ode Privileged $=$C >ode lobal Configuration >ode Interface Configuration >ode

&ub Interface Configuration >ode &etup >ode 79> >onitor >ode


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Mode Purpose PromptCommandto enter

Command toe*it

User))C

-llo# you toconnect #ith

remote devices%per$orm basictests%temporarychangeterminal

setting% listsystemin$ormation

&outer H

De$aultmode a$terbooting'ogin #ithpass#ord% i$

con;gured

Use e7itcommand

Privileged ))C

-llo# you to setoperating

parameters +talso includeshigh leveltesting and listcommands likesho#% copy%

debug

&outer I

Use enablecommand$rom usere7ec mode

Use e7itcommand


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Mode Purpose PromptCommandto enter

Command toe*it

+nter$aceCon;guration

Containcommandsthose modi$ythe operation o$an inter$ace

&outer!con;g9i$"I

Useinter$ace

typenumbercommand$rom globalcon;guration mode

Use e7itcommand toreturn in globalcon;gurationmode

Sub9


Con;gure ormodi$y the

virtual inter$acecreated $romphysicalinter$ace

&outer!con;g9subi$"

Useinter$acetype subinter$acenumber

command$rom globalcon;guration mode orinter$acecon;gure

mode

Use e7it toreturn previousmode Use endcommand toreturn inprivileged e7ecmode


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Con;guring &outing #ith the C'+

>nce a topology has been created% connectivity can be

tested bet#een devices by using either simple orcomple7 PDUs -lthough it is possible to do the same bypinging devices $rom their command9line inter$ace% usingthe PDU option is Auicker $or large topologies

Static routingStatic routing with #$I


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0asic &outing

(evice + Interface Connected To IP !ddress

PC<&outer


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0asic &outing

I9& commands are not case sensitive5 you can enter them inuppercase* lo%ercase* or mi,ed case.

Pass%ord is case sensitive. >ake sure you type it in correct

case. In any mode* you can obtain a list of commands available on

that mode by entering a uestion mark ?@A. &tandard order of accessing mode is

>9( mode only if it fails to load a

valid I9& image file. Dou can manually enter in 79>>9( mode for diagnostics

purpose.


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%ccess CI pro&pt of router

Cisco I9& supports various command modes* among those follo%ings are

the main command modes.

ode

Privileged $=$C >ode lobal Configuration >ode Interface Configuration >ode &ub Interface Configuration >ode &etup >ode 79> >onitor >ode


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Mode PromptCommand toenter

Command toe*it

User ))C &outer H

De$ault modea$ter booting

'ogin #ithpass#ord% i$con;gured

Use e*it command

Privileged ))C &outer IUse ena$le command $rom usere7ec mode

Use e*it command

=lobalCon;guration

&outer!con;g"I

Use con#gureterminal command $romprivileged e7ecmode

Use e*it command


&outer!con;g9i$"I

Use interfacetype number command $romglobalcon;gurationmode

Use e*it command to return inglobalcon;gurationmode

Use interfacet e sub Use e*it to return


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Mode PromptCommand to

enter

Command to

e*it

Setup ParameterKParameter valueL1

&outer #illautomatically

insert in thismode i$ runningcon;guration isnot present

Press CT-".C to abort

Type yes tosave

con;guration%or no to e7it#ithout saving#hen asked inthe end o$setup

&>,,>3 &>,,>3 H

)nter reload command $romprivileged e7ecmodePressCT-" .

C key

Use e*it comm

and


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I9& commands are not case sensitive5 you can enter them inuppercase* lo%ercase* or mi,ed case. Pass%ord is case sensitive. >ake sure you type it in correct

case. In any mode* you can obtain a list of commands available on

that mode by entering a uestion mark ?@A. &tandard order of accessing mode is

>9( mode only if it fails to load a valid

I9& image file. Dou can manually enter in 79>>9( mode for diagnostics

purpose.


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7outer

7outer7outerenable

7outerEconfig t

$nter configuration commands* one per line.

$nd %ith C(T-F.

7outer?configAE

$nter in global configuration mode

Change default router name

7outer?configAEhostname 71

71?configAE

71?configAEline console #

71?config2lineAEpass%ord pass

71?config2lineAElogin

Gy default Router name is configured on routers. /e can configure

any desired name on router. hostname command %ill change the

name of router.

&etting pass%ord


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71?config2lineAEe,it

71?configAEe,it

71E

H&D&2"2C9(6II3 Configured from

console by console

71Ee,it

71 con# is no% available

Press 7$T


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&ecure au,iliary port

u,iliary port provides remote access to router. Dou can attach modem in

this port. (ot all devices support this port. If your router supports this port

use follo%ing commands to secure it.

same


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$nable telnet access on cisco router

'epending on the model number and I9& soft%are version router may

supports various number of JTD connections range from " to 1###.

JTD is the standard name for telnet and && connection.

Gy default only first five JTDs connections are enabled.

Pass%ord reuired but none set

/ithout configuring* %hen you try to connect them remotely you %ill

get follo%ing message

71enable71Econfig t

$nter configuration commands* one per

line. $nd %ith C(T-F.

71?configAEline vty # 4

71?config2lineAEpass%ord telpass

71?config2lineAElogin


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Command (escription

&outer!con;g"Iline vty < . ,ove into all ;ve TMs line

&outer!con;g9line"Ipass#ord T)'C33

Set pass#ord to telpass on all;ve lines

&outer!con;g9line"IloginCon;gure TMs to accept

telnet connection


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&ecure privilege e,ec mode %ith pass%ord

long %ith access lines %e can also secure privilege e,ec mode %ithpass%ord. /e have t%o commands to configure the pass%ord.

'"Switch(config)* enable password Privilege_EXEC_password

+"Switch(config)* enable secret Privilege_EXEC_password

Goth commands %ill set the pass%ord on privilege e,ec mode. 'ifference

bet%een these commands is the method of pass%ord storage. enable

password command %ill store pass%ord in plain te,t %hile enable

secret command %ill store pass%ord in encryption format.


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ssign hostname to IP ddress

ostname are easy to remember. /e can use host

name instead of their IP address %hile connecting %ith

remote address. 7outer resolves IP address to

hostname in t%o %ays3 static and dynamic.

In static method %e have to assign hostname to IP

address.

In dynamic method %e have to configure an e,ternal

'(& server and need to configure its IP address onrouter.

show hosts command %ill display the currently

configured hosts %ith their IP addresses.


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Configure 6ast$thernet Interface in router

71?configAEinterface fastethernet##

71?config2ifAEip address 1#.#.#.1 !"".#.#.#

71?config2ifAEno shutdo%n

Configure serial interface in router 71?configAEinterface &erial###

71?config2ifAEip address 10!.1+8.#.!")

!"".!"".!"".!"!

71?config2ifAEclock rate +4###

This command applies only to 'C$

interfaces71?config2ifAEband%idth +4

71?config2ifAEno shutdo%n

71?config2ifAEe,it

71?configAE


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Command (escription

&outer!con;g"Iinter$ace serial


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Command (escription

&outer!con;g"Iline console < ,ove in console line mode

&outer!con;g9line"Ipass#ordconsole

Set console line pass#ord topass

&outer!con;g9line"Ilogin)nable pass#ordauthentication $or console line


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&aving running configuration in cisco router

71Ecopy running2config startup2config'estination filename Kstartup2configL@

Guilding configuration...

K9:L

71E


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7outer is a critical device of net%ork. It supports multiple lines for

connection. /e need to secure each line KportL.

using packet tracer 2

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