usitt 2012 session - work & task lighting

Teqniqal Systems, LLC Work / Task Lighting

Fumbling In The Dark

-or-

How to NOT go bump in the night.


Presented by: Erich Friend

www.TheatreSafetyBlog.blogspot.com


Work /Task Light Areas

Backstage / Run-of-Show

Forestage / Apron

Catwalks

Shops & Stage

Dressing / Make-Up Rooms


The BIG Picture

What are we trying to do?

Goals: • Light what we want to see.• Don’t light what we don’t

want to see.• Minimize Light Spill.• Minimize Glare.• Appropriate Colors.


The BIG PictureHow Much Light?

OSHA 1926.56(a) Table D-3. :

• General construction area lighting . . . . . . . . . . .5 fc• General construction plant and shops (e.g. . . .

mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, carpenter shops, rigging lofts and active store rooms, . . . and workrooms .) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 fc

• First aid stations, infirmaries, and offices. . . . . 30 fc



IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th ed, 2000:

• Chapter 3 – Vision and Perception. Low light visual processing and the threshold for seeing and reacting to light stimuli.

• Chapter 19 – Industrial Lighting. “Physical hazards exist in manufacturing processes, so lighting is of the utmost importance as a safety factor in preventing accidents.”




• Chapter 29 - Emergency, Safety, and Security Lighting - Under the Lighting for Safety subheading: “Safe conditions are essential in any areas where there are people, and the effects of lighting on safety must be considered. . . . . Any factor that aids visual effectiveness increases the probability that a person avoids an accident or detects the potential cause of an accident and acts to correct it.”




• Chapter 29 - Emergency, Safety, and Security Lighting - “Figure 29-2 lists illuminance levels regarded as absolute minima for safety alone. They are provided for general guidance and should not be interpreted as regulatory requirements.”



IBC 2003 – Section 10o6.2 – Illumination Level:

The means of egress illumination level shall not be less than 1 foot-candle (11 lux) at the floor level.



The Bottom Line:

Reading or general tasks: 35fc

Detailed tasks: 50-100fc

Lots of light is a good thing!You can almost always turn it down

if you really think it’s too bright.


The BIG Picture

Light is like Sound

Good:

Bad:

• Information you want to hear- Speech, Music, Machines

• Stuff you don’t want to hear- Noise, Bad Music, Someone Else’s Conversation


The BIG Picture

Light is like Sound

Improve the Signal–to-Noise Ratio

Signal

What youwant to see.

Noise

What you Don’t want to see.


The BIG Picture

GLARE is Visual NoiseYou typically don’t

want to see the light source.

You typically want to see the objects of your interest.


Backstage / Run-of-Show TypicallyBlue Lights

Clip Lights• Hot

• Fragile• Don’t stay-put• Ungrounded

• Thin cord


Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue Lights

ClipLights



ClipLights

( Only$75 US! )


Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically Blue

Lights

Clip Lights

And Scoops


Backstage / Run-of-Show Typically

BlueLights

ClipLights

& Scoops



ScoopLights


Backstage / Run-of-Show Typically Blue Lights

Scoop?/ Clip?Lights



[Explosion-Proof!]Globe Lights

• Glare• Little Useful Light

• Washes Wall


Backstage / Run-of-ShowTypically

Blue Lights

[Explosion-Proof!]Globe Lights



[Explosion-Proof!]

Globe Lights


Backstage / Run-of-Show Typically Blue Lights

[Explosion-Proof!]

Globe Lights• Ungrounded when

unscrewed



Track Lights• Not Industrial

Strength



• Battery Powered• Sticky Tape Mount

• Minimal Glare Shield• Aimable



CanLights



SpecialLED’s

(Blues System)

• Partial shielding• LED based• Dimmable

• Toomuch Wall Wash



Mini Ellipsoidal

Lights

(Times Square LED21P)

• LED Lamp• Shutters• Dimmable• Zero Glare (Apollo LED 50)



LED Mini Ellipsoidal

Lights

• Makes nice pathways.

• Stays off walls.

• Long life.


Forestage / Apron

This is a dangerous place!

• Falls into Orchestra Pits• Falls into Front Aisle• Falls due to Rotating Footlights• Falls due to BLINDING GLARE• Falls due to Poor Contrast


Forestage / Apron

This is a dangerous

place!

White Strips (Tape)


Forestage / Apron


Photolumenescent Strips (Glow Tape)


Forestage / Apron

This is a dangerous

place!

LED’s-or-Pea

Lamps


Forestage / Apron


EdgeLyteTM

(Directional LED)


Forestage / Apron


White Strips (Internally Illuminated)


Catwalks

Are frequently visible from the audience.• Masking-off the back side is easy, but• What about the front side?

Need to place lights so they won’t be in the line-of-sight to the audience.


Catwalks

Photoluminescent Paint /Tape

Hard Cut-off Light

Rope / Strip Light


Shops & Stage

What Goes On Here? Design & Creation!

For What? The Stage!

Needs: Color Correctness

Brightness

Low Glare

Energy Efficiency

Low Maintenance


Shops & Stage

Color Correctness:Color Rendering Index (CRI - Ra)


Shops & Stage

Color Correctness:Color Rendering Index (CRI - Ri)


Shops & Stage

Color Correctness:Color

Rendering

Index (CRI)


Shops & Stage

Color Correctness:Color Temperature?

What are you matching to?• 2700-2800K Realistic Incandescent• 3200K Ideal, Photography, TV Studio• 5400K Digital TV• 6400K Digital Cinema


Shops & Stage

Color Correctness:Color Temperature?

What are you lighting with?• 2700-2900K long-life Incandescent• 3200K Studio Lamps• 5400K-7000K Arc Lamps in Spotlights,

Moving Heads, etc.

LED’s can be anything.


Shops & Stage

Brightness:ies recommends: ~50-100 fc

~550-1100 lux

The more detailed the task,the more light is needed toreduce eye strain.


Shops & Stage

Low Glare

Use Dark or Non-reflective baffles in fixtures to reduce off-axis emissions.

with not


Shops & Stage

Low GlareUse Glare Shields

to reduce off-axis emissions.

without with


Shops & Stage

Energy Efficiency• Incandescent light is mostly heat.• HID is slightly better.• Fluorescent is usually better.• LED’s can be much better.

Daylight CCT is good for general work, but not so good for matching to stage lights.


Shops & Stage

Low Maintenance (labor cost $$)Incandescent life: ~500-3000 Hours

Fluorescent life: ~3000-8000 Hours (lamp) ~10,000-20,000 Hours (ballast)

HID / MH life: ~5,000-15,000 Hours (lamp) ~10,000-20,000 Hours (ballast)

LED (L70): ~50,000-80,000 Hours (lamp)

>100,000 Hours (power supply)



Just a unique type of ‘shop’.

With:• Electrical Hazards• Thermal Hazards• Space Constraints• Color Concerns



Fire, anyone?



Electrocution, anyone?



Exploding Glass or Melting Spooge, anyone?

NEC: 520.72 Lamp Guards. All exposed incandescent lamps in dressing rooms, where less than 2.5 m (8 ft) from the floor, shall be equipped with open-end guards riveted to the outlet box cover or otherwise sealed or locked in place.



Color

Correctness:

Wall, Counter,

& Ceiling

finishes can

make a

difference.



Color Correctness:


Dressing / Make-Up RoomsHeat:

77 lamps x 60W

4,620 Watts

99% HEAT

LED:

77 lamps x 7.8W

600 Watts(LEDnovation 93 CRI 2700K)

Extra Electrical Draw from Air Conditioning Due to Incandescent Lamps: ~15,000 Watts


Teqniqal SystemsContact Information:

• Me Erich Friend• Phone: 817.249.4024• Skype: teqniqal• Web: www.teqniqal.com• Blog: www.TheatreSafetyBlog.blogspot.com

• E-mail: [email protected]• Mail: P.O. Box 126287

Fort Worth, Texas 76126

usitt 2012 session - work & task lighting

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