utilization of tuna by-products - infofish.orginfofish.org/v2/images/ptf2017/slide/day 1pm - 7...
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UTILIZATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS
JOELYN SENTINA
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● This study was supported by the FAO Technical Cooperation Project TCP/RAS/33012 (D) “Improving post-harvest practices and sustainable market development for long-line fisheries for tuna and other large pelagic fish species in the Indian Ocean Region”
● To review the practices in the utilization of tuna processing by-products in different parts of the world.
● Thailand, Philippines, Ecuador and Spain, as they are the major producers of tuna products and India as an emerging producer of tuna loins.
● This study does not include the process on how to produce a certain product out of tuna by-products
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● While processing fish into products that have a high global demand, often the utilization be as low as 30-40%; and the waste could also be an environmental problem.
● According to FAO estimates – there will be a gap between demand and supply of over 50 million tonnes of fish to meet the global demand in 2030.
● There are important strategies that are used to improve fish utilization, include minimizing post-harvest losses and wastes along the supply chain and utilizing by-products from processing activities for human consumption and indirect usage.
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In the past, materials that were left over after primary food processing are called “waste”.
However “waste” can be used as the raw materials to make other products, which increase profits and reduce environmental concerns.
There are many examples where yesterdays “waste“ became a valued raw material for further processing.
BY-PRODUCTS
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•Canned
•Non-canned (Fresh/Chilled/Frozen/Pre-cooked)
•Dried/Smoked
TUNA PROCESSING INDUSTRY
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TUNA FISH COMPOSITION
TUNA SOLID BY-PRODUCTS – in Tuna Processing
10%1%
6%
8%
62%
13%
HEADMUSCLEVISCERAL ORGANSBONE FINSKIN
HEAD – 13 %
MUSCLE – 62 %
VISCERA – 8 %
BONES – 6 %
FINS – 1 %
SKIN – 10 %
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SOLID BY-PRODUCTS
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SOLID BY-PRODUCTS
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TUNA BLOOD
- Food – used as protein supplement, as a textured meat protein, to clarify liquid foods, or as colouring agent for meat items; substitute for egg albumin in food; utilized in making sausage casings and incorporated in into bread flour.
- Feed and fertilizer – add nutritional value to animal and fish feeds, and added to fertilizer to improve soil structure
- Laboratories – as a culture medium, as well as medical uses
- Industrial – range from adhesives to albumin substitutes and cosmetic formulations
LIQUID BY-PRODUCTS
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TUNA COOKING JUICE
- Recovering soluble proteins such as gelatin and oil can be utilized as food stuff
- Using commercial enzymes, it is hydrolyze and concentrate the juice
- Hydrolysate used as flavouring agent, as sauce or condiment
- Culture medium for the production of micro-organism – high nutritional value
Composition RangepH 4.9-6.2Protein (%) 2.11-4.81Total solid (%) 3.2-8.7Fat (%) 0.9-3.2Chemical Oxygen demand (COD, mg/l)
70 000-157 000
LIQUID BY-PRODUCTS
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Solid (Tuna meal)
Canneries
Liquid (Tuna extract)
By-products
Tuna can & pouchPet food
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UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS
25 – 30 %
55 – 60% CP
FISHMEAL
FISH OIL
EXTRACTION OF ENZYMES
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RED/DARK MEAT – 10 - 13 %
CANNED TUNA DARK MEAT
Extraction of Calcium
PET FOOD
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS
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By-products from the canning industry developed into nutritious products in various categories, including health food and food supplements sector, feed ingredients and additives, as well as biotechnology products.
By-products are converted into tuna meal and tuna liver powder, as well as tuna soluble extract in liquid and powder form – excellent sources for aquaculture feed
Tuna oil production capacity is 2 000 MT/year of crude tuna oil – livestock and aquaculture feed additive
Oil is further refined to produce semi-refined tuna oil product – raw material for additional purifying process
Fully-refined tuna oil enriched with omega-3 fatty acids, highly nutritious health food and infant milk supplement can be produced.
❖ DHA in tuna oil has been found to improve the growth rate and survival rate of young animals, fish and shrimp
Industrial Practices in Thailand
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Fresh-Chilled/Frozen Products Processing
Fresh-Chilled/Frozen Products
By-products
Edible productsNon-edible products
Further processed (human consumption)
Solid (Tuna meal)
Liquid (Tuna extract)
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FISH SILAGE
PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS
EXTRACTION OF ENZYMES
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UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF FISHERIES TECHNOLOGY,COCHIN, INDIA
FISH PROTEIN CONCENTRATE
GELATIN
SILO FEED (FISH FEED)
PIG FEED
TUNA KURE
PET FOOD
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HEAD (including eyes)
FINS FISH SOUP
VISCERAL ORGANS TUNA SISIG (native delicacy)
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Local market
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GONAD ROE
fresh
frozen
Fried/grilled
TAILFrozen tuna tail
Spicy tuna gonad/roe
Tuna tail curry
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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FRESH-CHILLED/FROZEN TUNA PROCESSING
RM: Gutted, Caudal, Anal and 2nd Dorsal fins removed
HEAD (inc. eyes)
FINS, finlets (dorsal and pectoral)
BONES
SCRAPS BLACK MEAT RIBS
LOCAL MARKET for human consumption
TUNA BY-PRODUCTS – 40-45 %
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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Fried/grilled
TAIL Frozen tuna tail
Tuna tail curry
BELLYFrozen tuna belly
Fried/grilled
DOMESTIC MARKET
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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PANGA (COLLAR BONE)
FROZEN TUNA PANGA
GRILLED
STEW
SKIN DRIED SKINCHICHARON (CRISPY SKIN)
DOMESTIC MARKET
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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TRIMMINGS AND WHITE MEAT
GROUND TUNA MEAT
CRAZY CUTS, CUBES, BARS, LOCAL SASHIMI
VALUE ADDITION
DOMESTIC MARKET
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS
Ready - to - eat products
TUNA AND BEANS CORNED TUNA CHILI con TUNA SAUSAGE
TUNA ADOBO PICADILLO
UTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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Ready-to-prepare
SHANGHAI ROLLS EMBUTIDO CHORIZO SIOMAI BURGER PATTIES
HOTDOG NUGGETS TUNA FINGERS TUNA ROLLS TOCINO
VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTSUTILISATION OF TUNA BY-PRODUCTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
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PRACTICAL EXAMPLES
BIORIGINAL FOOD SCIENCE & CORP., CANADA - Offers a full range of essential fatty acid products - Omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 oils - Head of tuna, salmon and cod – major sources of essential fatty acids - BioPureDHA
AJINIMOTO CO., INC., JAPAN - HON-DASHI – used as seasoning to complement skipjack stock - Dried bonito as raw material - Bones – raw material for calcium food products; refined broth as an extract ingredient in
HON-DASHI - Head and innards – processed for use in seasonings (fish sauce and skipjack soy sauce)
TUNA ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL FOOD CO., LTD. , JAPAN - Extracts oil from tuna heads by unique Hybrid Extraction Method
SOUTH AUSTRALIAN MARINE PRODUCT INDUSTRIES, SOUTH AUSTRALIA - Waste material recycling from bluefin tuna, kingfish farms and local tuna cannery - Product – organic tuna hydrolysate prepared from tuna waste * fish bait – developed from hydrolysate and tuna oil (does not require refrigeration)
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THANK YOU