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Acute complications of Diabetes Mellitus type 2Anasthasia Background Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disoder syndrome due to deficiency of insulin secretion . Insulin deficiency is absolute or relative.According to The Endocrinology Association of Indonesia in 2006 , there are 3 criterias for a person can be diagnosed with Diabetes. Blood glucose over 200mg/dL , Fasting Blood Glucose >126 mg/dL , and Oral Toleranted Glucose Testing >200 mg/ dL .Literature Review DefinitionDiabetes mellitus is the Syndrome that apart of many symptoms that arise due to increased blood sugar levels.Clasification: Diabetes mellitus Type 1 .Diabetes mellitus Type 2.Impaired Glucose Tolerance Disturbance .Gastrointestinal Diabetes Mellitus Other Diabetes Mellitus Type.General Causes Caused : Genetic , Age , Life Style , Infection , Obesity , and wrong diet .Specific Causes Diabetes Mellitus type 1 : Genetic , Immunology , EnviromentsDiabetes Mellitus type 2 : Doesnt know about the causes .

ComplicationsAcute and Chronic Acute Complications : Hypoglicemia , Diabeticum ketoacidosis , and Hyperosmolar Hiperglicemia .Hypoglicemia can caused to : Drugs , Inadequated food intake , Excessive physical motions , Decreassing insulin need . Clinical Signs : Subliminal Phase , Activial Phase ,and Neurologic Phase Supporting Examinations : Lever functions , Renal Functions , Blood Glucose , Edge Blood Examinations .

Therapy Beginning Phase Countinuing Phase Diabeticum Ketoacidosis is a condition in whic having decompensation state and chaos metabolic by the triad of hyperglicemia, acidosis , and ketosis . Caused :Lower dosage of insulin or insulin doesnt induced before .Infections or Sickness Primary Manifestation of DM

Clinical Sign :Polyuri , Polydypsi ,Looking weakness , Dizziness , Anoreksia , Vomiting , Nausea , Abdominal Pain , Kussmaul Breathing, and Hypotension. Supporting Examination : Keton Serum , Blood Edge Examination , Renal Function, Glucose Blood Examination , Electrolite Examination ,PCO2 and Bicarbonat Serum . Therapy NaCl 0.9 % is given+ 1-2 L in 1 first hour . Liquid total in 15 hours is 5 liters. If Na+> 155 mEg/L changes liquid with NaCl 0,45 %Regural Insulin , Electrolit supporting .Hyperglicemia HyperosmolarDefinition A syndrome in whic having severe hyperglicemia and dehidration , Loss of consciousness , and No ketoacidosis.Clinical Signs Polyuri , polydypsi, Loss of consciousness , Loss of weight , dehidration , Kusmaull breathing , and dried skin.Supporting Examination : Blood Glucose , Osmolarity Serum , Bicarbonat serum , Keton Serum , Electrolite Serum Primary treatment : Liquid : Na 0,9% Insulin , Kalium , Antibiotic High DosageSecondary treatment : Dextrose 5% , Nacl 0,45% , Reduced Insulin Dosage , Continuing treatment : Monitoring Electrolite and Blood GlucoseConclusion DM is a chronic diseases that OGTT and Blood Glucose is exceeded more than 200 .24Bibliography 1.A.Aziz Rani ,dkk.Buku Panduan Pelayanan Medik . PB PAPDI, Jakarta,2008.2.Hirlan, Theo soehardjono, Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, jilid I, cetak ulang ke-6, UI, Jakarta, 2004. 3.Lorraine M. wilson, Patofisiologi, buku I, edisi 8, EGC, Jakarta, 2009. 4.Media Aesculapius, Kapita Selecta, jilid I, edisi kelima, FK UI, Jakarta, 2009. 5.Isselbacher, Harrison, Prinsip Ilmu Penyakit Dalam,vol 2, EGC,Jakarta, 2009.6.FKUI Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Jilid I, edisi keenam, 2009.7.Sylvia A. Price dan Lorraine M. Wilson, Patofisiologi Buku kedelapan, EGC, 2008.8.Granner, Daryl K. MD. Harpers Biochemistry, ed29, 2014.9.Doengoes, M.E, Rencana Asuhan Keperawatan, Edisi kelima, Jakarta : EGC,2008.10.Engram, B, Rencana Asuhan Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Jakarta : EGC,2008.11.Brunner & Suddarth,Buku Ajar Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Vol. 2. Jakarta , EGC,2008.12.Price,S.A, Patofisiologi,EdisiKetujuh,Jakarta,EGC,2008.