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Widening circles in finance, philanthropy and the arts. A study of the life of John JuliusAngerstein 1735-1823Twist, A.F.

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Citation for published version (APA):Twist, A. F. (2002). Widening circles in finance, philanthropy and the arts. A study of the life of John JuliusAngerstein 1735-1823

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NOTES TO PAGES 3-4 ABBREVIATIONS

AR Annual Register B Cope, S R Walter Boyd: a Merchant Banker in the Age of Napoleon 1983 BSH Gawler, Jim Britons Strike Home: a History of Lloyd's Patriotic Fund 1803-1988 1993 DL Diary and Letters of Madame d 'Arblay edited by her Niece 7 vols 1842-1846 DNB Dictionary of National Biography FD Garlick, Kenneth and others The Diary of Joseph Farington 17 vols 1978-98 FL Francis, Beata and Keary, Eliza The Francis Letters by Sir Philip Francis...Members of the Family 2 vols c 1900 GM Gentleman's Magazine HC Histoiy of Parliament The Commons 1660-1690, 1715-1754, 1754-1790 and 1790-1820 13 vols 1970-1986 JL Hemlow, Joyce and others eds Journal and Letters of Fanny Burney 12 vols 1972-84 LAV Lawrence Autograph Volumes (Royal Academy Library) LN Sermoneta, Duchess of The Locks ofNorbury 1940 M Martin, Frederick The History of Lloyd's and of Marine Insurance in Great Britain 1876 rep 1971 MI [Parliamentary] Select Committee...[on] Marine Insurance Report, Minutes and Evidence 1810 reprinted in Jenkins, David and Yoneyana, Takau History of Insurance Volume 8 Marine 2000: page references are to the reprint. N Nicolas, Sir Nicholas H Dispatches and Letters of Vice-Admiral Lord Nelson 1 vols 1844-6 N&Q Notes and Queries PRO Public Record Office S [Sablukov, Nikolai A] Reminiscences of the Court.. .of.. .Paul I of Russia in Fraser's Magazine 1865 T The Times VCH Victoria County History W Williams, D E The Life and Correspondence of Sir Thomas Lawrence 1831 WF Wright, Charles and Fayle, C Ernest A Histoiy of Lloyd's 1928

CHAPTER ONE

I Carlyle, Thomas The French Revolution (introduction by Sir John Lubbock) 3 vols in 1 1891: p 184 2 FD Vol 11: 28 Mar 1812

Twentieth Century-Fox 1936. The stars of the black and white film were Freddie Bartholomew and Madeleine Carroll. 4 Leighton, Rachel, ed Correspondence of Charlotte Grenville, Lady Williams Wynn 1920: p 328 ' Hodgetts, E A Brayley The Life of Catherine the Great of Russia 1914: p 6 6 N &Q 10,h Series Vol IV: p 66 22 Jul 1905 7 The Lady's Magazine Jan 1836 8 Worsley, Frank and Griffith, Glyn The Romance of Lloyd's 1932: p 145 not giving a source. 9 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG: Angerstein Papers This pedigree should be treated with caution since it contains at least two other dubious assertions: that Dr Angerstein was Jewish, which is highly unlikely; and that Andrew Thomson's name was Andrew Poulett Thomson, when his family did not add the extra surname till long after his death. 10 Lincoln, W Bruce The Romanovs 1981: p 188 II Manstein C H von Contemporary Memoirs of Russia 1770, repr 1968: passim 12 Waliszewski, K. L'Heritage de Pierre le Grand 1900: p 315 quoting Catherine the Great's Memoires: 'Il se vantait d'avoir dix-huit enfants et que les nourrices de ces enfants il les avait toujours mises en état de le devenir'. 13 College of Arms: letter from Thomas Woodcock, Somerset Herald, quoting information supplied by Angerstein's son in 1827. 14 Society of Genealogists: India Index. 15 Suffolk County Record Office HA53/359/1115 among Boucherett papers, undated but perhaps circa 1850, is a pedigree showing Angerstein as son of Doctor Angerstein of Coburg and - Prinzen 16 Svensk Biografiskt Lexicon 1918-: Vol 1 pp 790-793 17 Index Bio-Bibliographicus...ed Lobies, Jean Pierre Part C 1973-: Vol 5 pp 4656-4657

212

NOTES TO PAGES 4-10

18 Bodleian Library: Ms Ashmole 1814 Edward Lhuyd Correspondence 19 Nichols, John Illustrations of the Literaiy History of the Eighteenth Century 1818 repr 1966: Vol 3 p 618: letter dated 24 May 1754 20 FD Vol 2: 19 Aug 1796; Vol 6: 19 Jun 1803. 21 WF:p 114. 22 Drake, HH Hasted's Histoiy of Kent Corrected Part 1 The Hundred of Blackheath 1886: p 223 states that she died in September 1811 aged 68 23DNB 24 Burke, Sir Bernard Dormant and Extinct Peerages 1883 rep 1969: p 531 25 Scrope, G Poulett Memoirs of Charles, Lord Sydenham by his Brother 1843: p 1 16 Ehrman, John The British Government and Commercial Negotiations with Europe 1962: pp 93, 217, 219, quoting Custom House figures. 27 Oddy, J J European Commerce 1805. More statistics are given in Tooke, W View of the Russian Empire 1799 28 Guildhall Library L66.1 11741: Russia Company Court Minute Books Vol 8 2 Kenney, Jr, James J The Vorontsov Party in Russian Politics 1785-1803 1975: p 54 and n, quoting from the Harris Journal in the Public Record Ofice. 30 Herbert, Lord, ed Pembroke Papers (1780-1794) 1950: p 175 31 Historical Manuscripts Commission: The Manuscripts ofJBFortescue, Esq...at Dropmore: Vol VII 1910 p 2 32 as note 29 above: p 313 quoting from papers in Wilton House Muniment Room. ^ Indiana University Lilly Library: Vorontsov Mss 1764-1814 34 as note 29 above: p 361. Fitzlyon, Kyril, ed The Memoirs of Princess Dashkov (who was sister of Counts Alexander and Simon) gives background information, a family tree and career summaries. Kenney (op cit) and all other authors draw on the Vorontsov family records Arkhiv Kniazia Vorontsova, edited by P Bartenev and published in 40 volumes in 1870-95. Count Simon's name in its old spelling is remembered in London by Woronzow Road NW8. '5 Taylor, John Stephen Jonas Hanway: Founder of the Marine Society 1985: pp 36-7 quoting Hanway, Jonas An Historical Account of British Trade over the Caspian Sea 1753 36 as note 28 above: 19 May 1743

as note 28 above: several members of the Thomson, Peters and Bonar families were made free of the Russia Company but none were officers. Henry and Peter Muilman became assistants and Henry was made a Consul in 1752 nN&Q 2nd Series Vol XI 1861

9 Shaw, William ed Letters of Denization and Acts of Naturalization 1701-1800. Elias, 3 E De Vroedschap van Amsterdam 2nd ed 2 vols 1963, vol 2 pp 864-870 covers the Muilman family. Buist, M G At Spes Non Fracta: Hope & Co 1770-1815 1974: App A gives some business details. 40DNB 41DNB 42 DNB and An Apology for the Conduct of Mrs T C Phillips 1750: 3 vols passim 43 Pepys, Samuel Diary Everyman Edition 2 vols rep 1914: Vol 1 p 600 44 History of Essex 1769. The author was described as 'A Gentleman' 45 DNB Richard Chiswell and Trench Chiswell 46 GM 1756 47 DNB and Cameron, H C Mr Guy's Hospital 1726-1948 1954: pp 98-99. The quotation is on p 29 and is taken from Maitland, William History of London 1739 48 Author's collection. 49 Shared between Gainsborough's House, Sudbury and the Tate Gallery. 50 Essex Record Office: D/DNE T3 51 Hawker, Rev Robert Works 1831 Vol 10: pp 375-386. Extract originally published 1808 "2 Rogers, George C, Jr Charleston in the Age of the Pinckneys 1969: p 13 " do: p 14 quoting the Gazette December 1749 54 Hamer, Philip M and others, ed The Papers of Henry Laurens 15 vols 1968-: Vol 1 p 2 footnote (source not given) "" do: pp xiv-xxii >6 Sirmans, M Eugene Colonial South Carolina: A Political History 1663-1763 1966 pp 302-304 57 Carswell, John The South Sea Bubble 1961: p 281

59 Rogers, George C, Jr Evolution of a Federalist 1962: p 9 GM 1752

,0 Suffolk County Record Office HA 53/359/44: a note dated Nov 1769 records that Crokatt had become bound to Muilman in £12,000 and a considerable part of the principal and some of the interest was still due.

213

NOTES T O PAGES 10-14

61 FD Vol 6: 20 Nov 1804 As note 60 above: Report of Meeting of Creditors. Angerstein put forward proposals made on behalf of the

administrix by James Crokatt, father of Charles. 21 creditors are named including William Lock and Angerstein on behalf both of himself and of his firm Dick and Angerstein. 63 FD Vol 6: 20 Nov 1804

4 Kellock, Katherine A London Merchants and the pre-1776 American Debts in Guildhall Studies in London History Vol I No 3 October 1974: p 138 quoting Crokatt's will PCC Collier (1777) 103 65 Ms pedigree, College of Arms, kindly supplied by Mr Thomas Woodcock, Somerset Herald, 1994 66 Information kindly supplied by Mr Paul Byrne, The Royal Society, 1998 '7 Weekly Journal or Saturday's Post: 21 Sept 1723. Clearly it is the same event which is referred to in Black, Jeremy The Grand Tour in the Eighteenth Century 1997: p 176 68 Ingamells, John Dictionary of British and Irish Travellers in Italy 1701-1800 1997: p 608 69 Abdy Williams, C F Handel 1944 ed (revised by Eric Blom): pp 32-33 70 Esdaile, Katherine A Roubiliac 's Work at Trinity College Cambridge 1924: p 37 and pi XVIII

1 The portrait is in the Herbert F Johnson Museum, Cornell Univesity. It has been engraved several times and was the subject of an article by Brian Taylor in The Antiquaries Journal 1997: pp 401-406 72 Gale, Samuel History and Antiquities of the Cathedral Church of Winchester 1715: pi 8

J The Particulars and Inventories of the late Sub-Governor, Deputy-Governor and Directors of the South Sea Company... 3 vols 1721 reprinted in Lambert, Sheila ed House of Commons Sessional Papers of the Eighteenth Century 1975: Vols 4, 5 and 6 passim

Jackson, Gordon The Claytons of Grimsby: Local Trade and Politics in the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries in The Lincolnshire Historian Vol 9 1973: pp 43-51 " Namier, Sir Lewis The Structure of Politics...2nd ed 1965: p 45 quoting Douglas, John Seasonable Hints from an

Honest Man 1761: p 46 76 HC 77 Information kindly supplied by Mr Paul Byrne, The Royal Society 1998 78 LN: p 3. William Lock MP had invested in the 1745 issue of Government annuities on behalf of William Wood, son of Mary Wood; and the identification of William Wood with the future William Lock is confirmed by the date of death of Wood in the records of the annuity matching that of Lock (Blackmansbury Fbl 5 nos 1 & 2 1968) 79 Constable, W G Richard Wilson 1953: p 25 80 Smith, John Thomas Nollekens and his Times 2v 2nd ed 1829: p 165-166 81 MI: p 61 Angerstein said 'when I first began I gave securities and it continues on; Mr Lock, my security, is still alive, and his security is not withdrawn'. 52 Allen, D G C William Shipley Founder of the Royal Society of Arts 1968: p 168. In 1722 there had been a proposal for a Chamber of Arts (op cit pp 163-167) b Wood, Sir Henry Trueman A History of the Royal Society of Arts 1913: p 7. All further material on this topic is from Wood unless otherwise stated. 84 Information kindly supplied by Ms Susan Bennett, Library Administrator, Royal Society of Arts 1993 85 do 86 As note 83 above: p 49 shows a facsimile of Angerstein's signature with those of some other early subscribers. 87 Cecilia by the author of Evelina rep 1810 3 vols: Vol 1 p 1 88 DNB and Massini, Rudolf Sir Luke Schaub 1690-1758 1953: passim 89 Wraight, Sir John The Swiss and the British 1987: pp 167, 169-170 9 0 LN:p lO n Cremer, R W Ketton Thomas Grey: a Biography 1955: passim. Designs by Mr R Bentley for Six Poems by Mr T Gray 1758: oppp 14 92 Jameson, Mrs Anna Companion to the Most Celebrated Private Galleries of Art in London 1844: p xxv 93 DNB 94 Cunningham, Peter The Letters of Horace Walpole 9 vols 1857: Vol 3: p 127 Letter to Sir Horace Mann 10 Feb 1758 95 GM 1758: p 146 96 as note 94 above 97 JL Vol 4: 14 Apr 1799 98 Private collection 99 Mannings, David Sir Joshua Reynolds A Complete Catalogue of his Paintings 2v 2000: Vol 1 p 62 100 Cormack, M Ledgers of Sir Joshua Reynolds Walpole Society Vol 42 1968-70

214

NOTES TO PAGES 14-17

101 Leslie, C R and Taylor, Tom Life and Times of Sir Joshua Reynolds 2v 1865. Vol 1: p 243. The list of mourners is in Vol 2: pp 663-664 102 As note 99 above.

104

h Public Characters of 1 HO3-1804: p 400 as note lOlabove Vol 1: p 386

105 Croker, J W ed Boswell's Life of Johnson new ed 1853: p 668 106 The Complete Peerage 107 10 Geo III c. 76 Private 108 Photocopy of Act (unpublished and kept in the House of Lords Record Office) kindly supplied by Ms Pamela Bozdan, Public Information Office, House of Commons 1991 109 GM 110 Moens, W J C Register of the Dutch Church 1571-1874 1884 111 Essex Record Office D/DNE T3; Prob 11/977, F 185 (PCC Wills) 112 DNB 113 Argyll, Duke of ed Intimate Society Letters of the Eighteenth Century 2 vols 1910: passim 114 do Vol 2: p 355 26 Oct 1772 115 do Vol 2: pp 371-372 29 July 1773 116LN:p28 117 The Journals of the Hon William Hei-vey (Suffolk Green Books XIV) 1906: entry 18 Sept 1773 118 do: 1-3 June 1780 119 Suffolk Record Office: HA 53/359/48 120 do: HA/53/359/44 121LN:pp 15-16 122 FD Vol 9: 29 Apr 1810 123 The Act was 15th Geo III c. 63 Private 124 Bell, Mrs G H ed Diary of Lady Elizabeth Butler in The Hamwood Papers 1930: 3 Jul 1788 125 Eliott-Drake, Lady The Family and Heirs of Drake 2 vols 1911: Vol 2 p 31. There is a life-sized painting of Thomas Boone and his wife Dorothy at Buckland Abbey (National Trust) 126 Freeman, Ray Dartmouth and its Neighbours 1990: p 95 127 HC 128 Namier, Sir Lewis Charles Garth and his Connexions in English Historical Review 1939 pp 443-470 and 632-652 is a valuable source for the Boones. However Namier's suggestion (p 458) that Christopher Boone was 'possibly' Thomas's son seems doubtful. Lady Eliott-Drake in her book The Family and Heirs of Sir Francis Drake 2 vols 1911: Vol 2 p 32 calls Christopher the second cousin of Thomas Boone's daughter Anne, who married Sir Francis Drake, Bart (1647-1718). But according to the same source Christopher bequeathed £10 for a ring to 'his cousin Sir Francis Drake'. 129do:p458 130 Pepys, Samuel Diary Everyman 2 vols 1914: 9 May 1668 131 de Beer, E S The Diary of John Evelyn 6 vols rep 2000: Vol 4 composite quotation from diary entries 31 Aug 1679, 30 July 1682 and 16 Sept 1683 132 Drake, Henry H ed Hasted's History of Kent: Part I The Hundred of Blackheath 1886 pp 222-223 gives much information on the Boone family, though Namier (as above) questions some of it. See also HC.

McCrady, Edward The History of South Carolina under the Proprietary Government 1670-1719 1897: pp 425-470 and 530-572 passim 134 As note 132 above: pp 222-223 135 As note 133 above: pp 462-470 136 Court and City Register for the Year 1796: p 184 137 Upton, L F S ed The Diary and Selected Papers of Chief Justice William Smith 1784-1793 2 vols 1963: Vol 1 14 Feb 1784. Boone and Smith had known each other for more than twenty years. 138 Cunningham, Peter ed Letters of Horace Walpole 9 vols 1858: Vol 7 4 Mar 1778 139 As note 128 above: p 470 140 As note 128 above: p 459 footnote 141 As note 128 above: pp 459-460 142 Roscoe, E J and Clergue, Helen eds George Selwyn: his Letters and his Life 1899 p 52 quoting letter to Frederick EarlofCarlisle26Jan 1768 143 As note 128 above: p 460 footnote. It was in a gallery in Berlin and may have been destroyed in World War II.

215


144 As note 130 above: pp 222-223 14? As note 137 above: 13 Feb 1784

As note 132 above: pp 222-223. Opposite p 221 is a plate showing two views and a plan of Lee Place and a drawing of the old almshouses.

The Complete Peerage 48 Colvin, H M Biographical Dictionary of English Architects 3rd ed 1995: p 408 49 Rhind, Neil Blackheath Village and Environs 2 vols. Vol 1 1976 rev 1993, Vol 2 1983: Vol 2: p 273

150 as n 148 above

Zd0

[Fry, Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974: p 64 quoting Rate Books M V, Sister Woodlands a Tale of Two Centuries: p 8. This article was written, perhaps in the 1960s, whilst

Woodlands was a nunnery. In 1932 the nuns built a grotto in the garden which was a replica of the one at Lourdes The engraving referred to above was published in 1786 and republished in 1795 in the Copper Plate Magazine with

the description added. 155 as note 152 above: pp 64-70 detail the changes up to 1974 " Sweet, Robert The Hothouse and Greenhouse Manual 5th ed 1831: pp 205-8. As a young man Sweet worked at

Woodlands 'at the time that the ingenious and excellent cultivator Mr David Stewart was superintendent there, with whom we were for two years, and had the management of the conservatory for a good part of that time'.

as note 152 above: p 64 and illustration. A copy in the author's collection has a different accompanying text, the last phrase reading 'and furnished with suitable elegance' 158 N&Q Vol 10 2nd series: p 242 29 Sept 1860. Rhind, Neil The Heath 1987: p 21 quotes a newspaper report of 1785 about the prevalence of armed robberies on Blackheath: '...on Thursday night the house of Mr Angerstein, Woodlands was broken open'. 159 Adeane, Jane H ed The Early Married Life of Maria Josepha, Lady Stanley... 1899: p 3 160 Peel, Edward Cheam School from 1645: p 87 161 do: passim 162 Barbier, Carl Paul William Gilpin: his Drawings, Teaching and Theory of the Picturesque 1963: passim 163 do: pp 41, 82 164 Gilpin, William Observations on the Western Parts of England 2nd ed 1808: p 7 65 El win, Malcolm ed The Noels and the Milbankes 1967: p 348 letter from Mary Noel 23 Aug 1789

166 as note 164 above: pp 14-19 , 6 7 L N : p l 7

8 The study is in the Courtauld Institute. It is reproduced in Crookshank, Anne and The Knight of Glyn The Painters of Ireland c 1660-1920 2nd ed 1979: p 119. The authors suggest that William Lock may have been concerned with Barret in some transactions connected with houses in Dublin by November 1772 169 VCH Wiltshire 170 Pilkington, Matthew The Gentleman 's and Connoisseur's Dictionary of Painters 1770: p 139 171 as note 162: p 125 172 FD: Vol 6 5 July 1803 1 3 Pevsner, Nikolaus and Ian Nairne rev Cherry, Bridget The Buildings of England: Surrey 1971: pp 388-389 174 Pevsner, Nikolaus and Cherry, Bridget The Buildings of England: London 2 South 1983: p 249 175 Public Characters of 1803-1804: pp 401-402 176 Noble, T Blackheath: a Didactic and Descriptive Poem 1808: p 93

CHAPTER TWO

Public Characters of1803-1804: pp 385-386 In all the article on Angerstein is 20 pages long and an engraving of him forms the upper half of the book's frontispiece. 2 Minto, Countess of ed Life and Letters of Sir Gilbert Elliot, First Earl of Minto 3 vols 1870: letter 7 Jan 1803. Lord Minto's comments suggest that he was not consulted about the text, and the same presumably goes for Angerstein.. 3 FD Vol 6: 19 June 1803 4 Price, Jacob M ed Directions for the Conduct of a Merchant's Counting House 1766 in Business History July 1986: pp 134-150 •" Hamer, Philip M and others eds The Papers of Henry Laurens 15 vols 1968-: Vol 4 p 295

Newman, Jennifer 'A very delicate Experiment': British mercantile strategies for financing trade in Russia 1680-1780 in Blanchard, Ian and others Industry and Finance in Early Modern History 1992: pp 122-123

216


7 MI: p 58 8 WF: pp 11-12 give the full text, which advertised a reward for information about goods stolen in Derby. 9 An Apology for the Conduct of Mrs T C Phillips 3 vols 1750: Vol 1 p 168 IU WF: p 115 (footnote). Wright and Fayle is the definitive book on Lloyd's and is the source for the following general paragraphs. There are also several other important books on Lloyd's including: Martin, Frederick The History of Lloyd's 1876 rep 1971, hereafter referred to as M; Straus, Ralph Lloyd's: a Historical Sketch 1937 (American edition 1938 under the title Lloyd's: the Gentlemen at the Coffee-House); Worsley, Frank and Griffith, Glyn The Romance of Lloyd's 1932; Gibb, D E W Lloyd's of London 1957; Flower, Raymond and Jones, Michael Wynn Lloyd's of London: an Illustrated History 1974 11 Straus, Ralph Lloyd's a Historical Sketch 1937: p 57 12 as note 4 above: p 141 | J Malcolm, J R Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London... 1810 lists many promotions 14 The Report from the Committee Appointed to Inquire into and Examine the Several Subscriptions... 1720 reprinted in Jenkins, David and Yoneyama, Takau History of Insurance 8 vols 2000: Vol 7 Marine pp 121-193 passim 15 Supple, Barry The Royal Exchange Assurance 1970: ch 2 passim. 16 Braudel, Fernand The Wheels of Commerce 1982: pp 106-107 1 7WF:p65 18 WF: pp 73-75 19 Sutherland, Lucy Stuart^ London Merchant 1933: p 141 20 Edinburgh University Library Ms La II 426/9 21 London Evening Post: 21-24 May 1748 22 do 23 do: 2-5 Apr 1748 24 GM: 26 Apr 1748 25 Weinreb, Ben and Hibbert, Christopher The London Encyclopedia revised ed 1993: p 211 26 A Summer Voyage to the Gulph of Venice in the Southwell Frigate 1750, quoted in WF p 83 27 Annals of Lloyd's Register 1884 and Annals of Lloyd's Register 1934 cover the early history in similar fashion; Blake, George Lloyd's Register of Shipping 17 60-1960 gives less detail. The successive Registers of Ships have been reprinted in facsimile. 28 As note 21 above (Blake): p 9 29 Public Characters of 1803-1804: pp 387-388 30 Annals of Lloyd's Register 1934: p 13, quoting Park, Sir James Allan System of the Law of Marine Insurance 1797 "' Bartlett, R P Cannon Founders and the Russian Navy in Oxford Slavonic Papers NS vol X 1977: pp 58-61

Price, Jacob M Joshua Johnson in London 1771-75 in Whiteman, Anne and others ed Statesmen, Scholars and Merchants 1973: letter dated 24 Jul 1771 ' M: p 117 quoting London Chronicle 34 Public Advertiser: 20 Mar 1769 35 WF:p 110 36 M gives the full list on pp 147-149 3 7WF:p 110 ,8Minute Books, Lloyd's Library ?9 He was naturalised in 1740-41 (Shaw, William A Letters of Designation and Acts of Naturalization 1701-1800) and made free of the Russia Company in September 1741, five years after Henry Muilman and two years before George Peters (Guildhall Library: Russia Company Court Minute Books) 4 0 M : p l 5 4 41 Information kindly supplied by Miss A F Sutton, Archivist, The Mercers' Company 1993 4 2 M : p l 5 4 43 Minute Books, Lloyd's Library 44 as note 41 above 45 Minute Books, Lloyd's Library 4 6WFpp 119-120 47 as note 5 above: 16 Mar 1749 48 On the basis of the figures of imports and exports for 1785 given in Anderson, Adam An Historical and Chronological Deduction of the Origins of Commerce 4 vols 1801 rep 1967: Vol 4 p 604 4 9WF:p219

217


Anim-Addo, Joan Longest Journey: A History of Black Lewisham 1995: p 32. The author also incorrectly claims that Angerstein owned one third of the Grenada estate, wrongly states that Angerstein was an MP and misstates his place of burial. M London Metropolitan Archives F7ANG/101 and 102 contain Abstract of Title, Schedule and Inventory, Sale Particulars and a letter explaining the position from Freshfields, solicitors, to Angerstein's executors. 52 Fryer, Peter Staying Power: The History of Black People in Britain 1984: p 46 " Checkland, S G Finance for the West Indies in Economic History Review 2nd Series Volume 10 1958: p 464 54 Syrett, David Shipping and the American War J 775-83 1970: p 80 55 MI: p 67 '6 Weskett, John Preliminary Discourse wherein are Delineated the Very Great Disorders which Prevail in Affairs of Insurance 1779 plus Plan of a Complete Digest of the Theory. Laws and Practice of Insurance 1781 (published together): his diatribe occupies much of pp xi to xxxiv 57 do: p xxxv 58 Annals of Lloyd's Register 1884: p 31

Unless otherwise stated all information about Angerstein's shipowning come from successive volume of the facsimile issues of the Register of Ships 60 Morning Post: 30 Sept 1782 61 WF: p 204 62 Edinburgh University Library Ms La II 426/12 63 do 426/10 64 do 426/11 65 [Fry, Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974: p 13 56 Information kindly supplied by Mrs Barbara Jones, Information Officer and Archivist, Lloyd's Register of Shipping, quoting from Hardy's Register of Ships 1760-1833 (East India Ships 1781-82) 67 Public Characters of 1803-1804: p 389 68 26 Geo III c. 60 69 Parliamentary History Vol XXV: debate 11 Apr 1786 70 Minute Books, Lloyd's Library 71 Bank of England Archives 72 Mandeville, Bernard An Essay on Charity and Charity-Schools 1723 included with later editions of the same author's The Fable of the Bees and reprinted thus 1970 ed Harm, Phillip: pp 284-286 73 do: p 269 74 Colley, Linda in Past and Present Number 113 November 1986: p 110 75 GM: April 1823 76 London Chronicle: 10-12 Feb 1757 77 Taylor, James Stephen Jonas Hanway: Founder of the Marine Society 1985: pp 59-60 78 Nichols, R H and Wray, F A The History of the Foundling Hospital 1935: pp 345-411 79 Quoted in Taylor, James Stephen Jonas Hanway: Founder of the Marine Society 1985: p 185 80 Compston, H F B The Magdalen Hospital 1917: p 40 81 T: 2 May 1800 82 Royal Kalendarfor the Year 1817: p 335 83 Public Advertiser: 28 Apr 1781 84 Public Advertiser: 25 Oct 1775 Angerstein gave ten guineas, half the contribution of the more senior donors such as Thomson; and by January 1776 nearly £15,000 had been collected 85 Public Advertiser: 31 Jan 1778 Instead of the usual short announcement of an appeal, the details of the subscription and the attack upon it took up 2Vi columns of the paper !6 Worsley, Frank and Griffith, Glyn The Romance of Lloyd's 1932: p 145 The source is described as 'Lady C' 57 Morning Post: 1 May and 28 Sept 1778 In January Angerstein had also been involved in another Marine Society initiative 'for the relief of soldiers' widows and orphans' (Morning Post: 17 Jan 1778) 88 Morning Post: 27 Sept 1779 89 Johnson, R F The Royal George 1971: passim. Toll for the Brave is quoted in full on p xvii 90 Morning Post: 6 Sept 1782 91 do: 27 Sept 1782 92 Spencer, Alfred ed Memoirs of William Hickey 4 vols 10,h ed 1950. Vol 3: p 210 9l Hanway, Jonas Distributive Justice and Mercy 1781: letter XXIV

218


94 Gerzina, Gretchen Black England: Life before Emancipation 1995: pp 133-165. Braidwood, Stephen J Black Poor and Wliite Philanthropists: London's Blacks and the Foundation of the Sierra Leone Settlement 1786-1791 1994: passim ' Morning Post: 21 Jan 1786

do: 13 Feb 1786 96

97 do: 15 Mar 1786 * Public Advertiser: 17 Jan 1787

99 Braidwood, Stephen J Black Poor and White Philanthropists 1994: p 66. 00 Anim-Addo, Joan Sugar Spices and Human Cargo: an Early Black History of Greenwich 1996: p 54

101 Dow, Lorenzo Reflections on the Love of God 1836 (Oxford Dictionary of Quotations 3rd ed 1979 under Dow) 102 DNB 103 Roberts, Samuel An Address to British Females of every Rank and Station, on the Employment of Climbing Boys in Sweeping Chimneys 1834: p 11 104 Society for Superseding the Necessity of Climbing Boys, by Encouraging a new Method of Sweeping Chimnies, and

for improving the Condition of Children and others employed by Chimney Sweeps instituted on the Fourth of February 1803 1803: p 20. The emasculated Act which was passed was 28 Geo III c. 48 105 Wood, Sir Henry Trueman A History of the Royal Society of Arts 1913: pp 276-277 106 T: 21 Jan 1803 ,07as note 104 above: pp 3, 14-16. Angerstein had not been involved in the Society for the Protection and Instruction of Chimney Sweepers' Apprentices which had been set up in 1800 and merged with the Superseding Society on the latter's formation 108 T: 2 Nov 1803 109 FD vol 6: 10 Apr 1803 110 as note 105 above: p 277 111 Public Characters of 1803-1804: p 393 112 The Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser: 18 Nov 1790 'impromptu by Mr Boswell' 113 T: 16 Apr 1790 114T: 16 and 17 Apr 1790 115 T: 20 Apr 1790 116 do 117 Newdigate-Newdegate, Lady The Cheverels of Cheverel Manor 1898: p 99 118 T: 15 May 1790 119 AR 1790: pp 264-7]. The trial was widely reported. 120 Bondeson, Jan The London Monster 2000: pp 116-117 , 2 1do:pxi 122 T: 28 Dec 1790 123 Anon An Authentic Account of the Barbarities lately practiced by the Monsters. Being an unprecedented and unnatural Species of Cruelty, exercised by a set of MEN upon defenceless and generally handsome WOMEN. WITH the Public Measures adopted on the Occasion &c, including the TRIAL ofRYNWICK WILLIAMS 1790 (no edition stated): p83 124 do: p 98 125do:pp 105-106 126 The World: 17 Jun 1790 127 The Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser: 24 Jun 1790 128 Hodgson, E 'Professor of Shorthand' Old Bailey Proceedings: 1790 p 582. These Proceedings are reproduced by Harvester Microform and are found on Part 1 1713-93 reel 18 129 DNB l j0 Swift, Theophilus The Monster at Large... 1790: pp 128-129. The author is grateful to Dr Bondeson for a sight of this book 131 as note 128 above: p 99. The pagination restarts with the term of office of a new Lord Mayor so that this reference is later on the reel than the previous one. 132 as note 128 above: pp 99-100 133 as note 128 above: p 100 mAR:p226] 13 Dec 1790 135 Balderston, {Catherine ed Thraliana 2 vols 2nd ed 1951: Vol 2 p 770 136 Cunningham, Peter ed The Letters of Horace Walpole 9 vols 1859: Vol 9 p 292

219


Pugh, L P From Farriery to Veterinary Medicine 1962: pp 3-6. This book, plus An Account of the Veterinary College 1793 are the sources for this section.

do (Pugh): p 96. Pugh's first comment on Angerstein was that 'as a financial expert with a sense of public responsibility, he later helped to save the College from financial ruin'. One of the illustrations in the book is a portrait of Angerstein. 139 do: p 99 140 do: p 100

CHAPTER THREE

Avery, Charles Giambologna The Complete Sculpture 1987: pp 239-241 quoting a note in an edition of Vasari's Lives published in 1772

Landseer, John A Descriptive Explanatory and Critical Catalogue of Fifty of the Earliest Pictures Contained in the National Gallery 1834: p 420 3 Author's collection

as note 2 above. Vol 1: pp 410-11 letter to Sir Joshua Reynolds ? Mannings, David Sir Joshua Reynolds, A Complete Catalogue of his Paintings 2000: p 63. A Victorian photograph owned by an Angerstein descendant might be of a painting of Anna and John and bears a possible resemblance to the work of Reynolds. The whereabouts o f the original is unknown ' Young, John A Catalogue of the Celebrated Collection of Pictures of the late John Julius Angerstein, Esq 1823: p 56 Graves, Algernon The Society of Artists of Great Britain; The Free Society of Artists 1907: p 25

8 Leslie, C R and Taylor, Tom Life and Times of Sir Joshua Reynolds 2 vols 1865: Vol 2 p 388 as note 5 above: p 63

10 Birchenough, E & J The Manor House Lee and its Associations 1966 and 1971 (the second edition contains extra material but does not include the whole of the contents of the first edition). Except where otherwise stated this paragraph and the next are derived from these sources " Parish Register, St George's Hanover Square 12 Ingram, K E Manuscripts Relating to Caribbean Countries in United States and Canadian Repositories 1975: pp 29-30 l j Way, H W L History of the Way Family 1914 contains a pedigree of the Way family. 14 [Fry» Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974: p 39 quoting information from City of Westminster Local History Library 15 Scott, J M The Book of Pall Mall 1965: p 89 An early nineteenth century print shows the house as having a door and eight windows fronting Pall Mall 16 AR Nov 1790: Chronicle p 223] 17 Whitley, William 1 Art in England 2 vols repr 1973: Vol 2 1821-1837 p 269 8 The Works of Sir Joshua Reynolds 2nd ed 3 vols 1798 has it that Angerstein paid 250 guineas for this picture and the

same sum for a Venus by Sir Joshua 19 Penny, Nicholas ed Reynolds 1986: pp 115 (illustration) and 205 20 Moore, Andrew ed Houghton Hall: the Prime Minister, the Empress and the Heritage 1996: passim 21 Cunningham, Peter ed The Letters of Horace Walpole 9 vols 1857. Vol 5: pp 495-496 letter 1 Sept 1773

HC as note 21 above Vol 6: p 443 letter 10 June 1777

24 as note 21 above Vol 7: p 153 letter 12 Dec 1778 25 as note 21 above Vol 7: p 175 letter 11 Feb 1779 26 as note 20 above: p 154 quoting letters James Christie to Carlos Cony 23 and 29 Nov 1778 27 Marillier, H C Christie's 1766 to 1925 1926: p 16 28 as note 20 above: pp 61-64 29 FD Vol 2: 22 Aug 1796 ' ' Gatliff, H E Stations, Gentlemen! Memoirs of James Gatliff 1938: p 89 M Wilson, Charles Anglo-Dutch Commerce and Finance in the Eighteenth Century 1941: p 111 32 Pevsner, Nikolaus rev Radcliffe, Enid The Buildings of England: Suffolk rep 1988: p 269 33 FD Vol 2: 22 Aug 1796

4 Curtis's Botanical Magazine Vol 31 1810: plate 1259. The editor dedicated Ibbetsonia genistoides to 'MRS AGNES IBBETSON, the author of several very ingenious papers on vegetable physiology'. Now called Cyclopia genistoides, it is frequent in parts of the south western Cape and is known as Bush Tea

220


° Shteir, Ann B Cultivating Women, Cultivating Science 1996 pp 120-135 passim for this paragraph. Agnes Ibbetson wrote for William Nicholson''s Journal ofNatural Philosophy, Chemistry, and the Arts; for the Philosophical Magazine and for Annals of Philosophy, and extracts appeared in French, Italian and Swiss magazines. See also DNB 36 DNB 37 JL Vol 5: 12 Nov 1801 38 JL Vol 5: 17 Mar 1802 39 DNB 40 DNB 41 Hemlow, Joyce The History of Fanny Burney 1958: p 147 quoting Samuel Crisp, a family friend 42 DL Vol 2: 17 Jul 1783 43 DL Vol 2: 23 Apr 1784 44 as note 41 above: p 183 45 DL Vol 2: 3 Nov 1784 46 DL Vol 2: 16 Dec 1784 47 DL Vol 4: 5 Nov 1788 48 DL Vol 4: 1 Dec 1788 49 DL Vol 3: 19 Jan 1787

Johnson, R Brimley Fanny Burney and the Burneys 1926: pp 125-305 for letters from Susan Phillips. Lock references are passim 51 do:pp 149-157

Suffolk County Record Office HA/53/1115 Ms copy made June 1853 of an earlier letter whose date is not quoted 53 Buist, MG At Spes non Fracta: Hope & Co 1770-1815 1974: p 38 54 Suffolk County Record Office HA/53/359/48 Ms note 55 FD Vol 8: 23 Aug 1807 56 do •7 The Journals of the Hon William Hervey (Suffolk Green Books XIV) 1906: visit between 22 Jun and 10 Jul 1781 58 Knowles, John The Life and Wrirings of Henry Fuseli 3 vols 1831: Vol 1 p 60; cf also LN: pp 45-49 59 Hazlitt, William Conversations of James Northcote 1830: p 71 )ü Barbier, Carl Paul William Gilpin: his Drawings, Teaching and Theory of the Picturesque 1963: pp 158-161 for Gilpin and Lock. One of William Lock's drawings is illustrated in Plate 12b. See also Sloan, Kim 'A Noble Art': Amateur Artists and drawing Masters c. 1600-1800 2000: pp 223-224 where there are two further illustrations of his work 61 LN: p 39 62JLVol 1:7 Nov 1791. 63 LN: pp 39-40 64 MI: p i 10 65 LN: p 34 66 JL Vol 1: Jan 1792 67 FL Vol 2: p 397 68 Information from Mr Dan Byrnes 69 Watson, J Steven The Reign of George III 1760-1815 1985: p 145 70 DNB; Joelson, Annette Courtesan Princess 1937: passim 71 FL Vol 2: p 392 72 W Vol 2: p 541 quoting letter from John Angerstein to Williams who was then preparing his book 3 W (both vols): passim; Goldring, Douglas Regency Portrait Painter 1951: passim; Garlick, Kenneth Sir Thomas

Lawrence 1989: passim 74 W Vol 1: p xii describes Lawrence as 'utterly heedless of accounts' 75 W Vol l :p 121 76 LN:p 353 letter 11 Sept 1827 77 Garlick, Kenneth Sir Thomas Lawrence 1989: p 226 quoting St James's Chronicle 78 Garlick, Kenneth Lawrence's Portraits of the Locks, the Angersteins and the Boucher ettes in The Burlington Magazine December 1968: pp 668-675 79 W Vol l:p 129 80 W Vol l:p 130 81 FD Vol 1: 19 Sept 1794 82 AR: 1 Sept 1792

221


2 Dickson, P G M The Financial Revolution in England 1688-1756 1967: p 288 quoting Bank of England subscription

*' Marshall, P S; Woods John A and others eds The Correspondence of Edmund Burke 10 vols 1968-78 Vol 7: p 213 84 T: 20 Sept 1792 85 T: 26 and 27 Sept 1792 8r' Brief Reflections relative to the Emigrant French Clergy... 1793 87 According to AR: 1 Oct 1792 the total number of French refugees landing between 30 Aug and 1 Oct was 3,772 and the subscriotions raised for the clergy upwards of £15,000 88 Weiner, Margery The French Exiles 1789-1815 1960: p 66 89 DL Vol 5: p 339 ^°LN: chapters vii and viii; Hill, Constance Juniper Hall 1905:passim; Kelly, Linda Juniper Hall 1991: passim 91 Hemlow, Joyce The History of Fanny Burney 1958: pp 237-238; LN: p 75 9 2 LN:p81 v'1 Solovieff, Georges ed Lettres a Narbonne 1960: p 372 94 do: letter from Lausanne 22 Mar [1794]

Huth, Hans and Pugh, Wilma J Talleyrand in America as a Financial Promoter 1794-6 1942: p 93

CHAPTER FOUR

HC: under Richard Trench Chiswell Muilman. Dickst

ledgers. 3 Namier, Sir Lewis The Structure of'Politics...2nd ed 1965: p 55 quoting BL Add Ms 32901 f238

do: quoting from Devonshire Mss 5 May, Sir Erskine The Constitutional Histoiy of England 11 'h ed 3 vols 1896: Vol 1 p 383 6 GM: Mar 1763 After a few days the price of the loan went to 11 points premium and the issue was fiercely criticized in North Briton number 42 7 asn 5 above: p 386 8 Parliamentary Register Vol II: 1783. There were more than 1000 subscribers, listed on pp 256-268

GM: Feb 1782 In February 1781 the Treasury received 1,100 unsolicited letters of application and in 1782 as many as 2,500 'with such sums annexed as would have amounted to 76 millions. The loan was for £13'/2 million and all requests from the public were refused 'to avoid the torrent of abuse that disappointment would have produced'. 10 T: 27 Apr 1787 11 Public Characters of 1803-1804: pp 390-391 12 Quoted in Raven, James The Abolition of the English State Lotteries in Historical Journal Vol 34 pt 2 (1991): pp 371-389. The quotation is from Wilberforce, Robert Isaac and Samuel eds The Life of William Wilberforce 5 vols 1838: Vol III p 298 1 The Annual Biography and Obituary for 1824: p 278 14 Ewen, C L'Estrange Lotteries and Sweepstakes 1932 does not mention Angerstein; and he was neither interviewed nor referred to by the 1808 Parliamentary Select Committee on Lotteries 15 Ehrman, John The Younger Pitt 3 vols 1969-96. Vol 1: p 258 referring to PRO 30/8/277 16 British Parliamentary Papers Vol LII 1898: pp 45-46. The last survivor died in 1887 aged 99. See also Leeson, Francis A Guide to the Records of the British State Tontines and Life Annuities of the 17th and 18"' Centuries 1968: pp 10-13. The Tontine required an Act of Parliament which was 29 Geo III c. 41 17Oracle: 11 June 1789

do: 12 June 1789. The paper quite wrongly calculated that the 4 point premiun 'would have produced an immediate fortune of £400,000' to the contractors had the whole tontine been sold at that price. Fortunately for Angerstein, the names of the contractors were incorrectly given as Cope & Solomons, who had nothing to do with the tontine but had recently handled the lottery. 19 Chatham Papers in the Public Record Office: ref PRO 30/8 108/1 0 When the tontine was advertised in the Oracle on 15 July, the text concluded: 'Government have engaged to take

every method to facilitate the mode of conducting the business, and to prevent fraud on the survivors. NB the British tontine is sold at the Stock Exchange'. 21 Edinburgh University Library Ms LA.11.426.10 22 as note 16 above (Leeson): p 10 2j do: p 20 gives PRO references 24 PRO NDO 2/15 2 Encyclopaedia Britannica 1959 ed. Vol 14: p 55 under Life Insurance

222


26 as note 16 above (Leeson): p 10 27 Public Characters of 1803-1804: p 393 28 General Evening Post: 20-23 Apr 1793 29 The assertion that it had been his proposal is repeated in DNB

0 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/78/26: Ms letter from Angerstein to his brother-in-law Anthony Hamond 1816 31 Werkmeister, Lucyle A Newspaper History of England 1792-1793 1967: pp 255-257 32 Public Advertiser. 20 Mar 1793 ,J Morning Chronicle: 26 Mar 1793 ]4 Oracle: 2% Mar 1793 35 Newmarch, William On the Loans Raised by Mr Pitt 1855: pp 8-9 '6 O'Brien, P K Government Revenue 1793-1815 A Study in Fiscal and Financial Policy in the Wars against France Unpublished thesis Bodleian Library: d 4145-6 1967: pp 49-50 37 Daunton, M J Progress and Poverty An Economic and Social History of Britain 1700-1850 1995: pp 511-512 38 Sun: 4 Feb 1794 39 General Evening Post: 26-29 Apr 1794 40 B:pp 46-59 passim 41 B: pp 81-86 passim 42 Report from the Select Committee who were appointed to enquire into the circumstances of the negotiation of the late loan Ordered to be printed 9 Feb 1796. Propositions relating to the loans, considered on 26 February Not ordered to be printed. The former contains 167 pages, the latter 8. Both are reproduced in Lambert, Sheila ed House of Commons Sessional Papers of the Eighteenth Century Vol 98 1975 43 Boyd, Walter Letter to Rt Hon William Pitt... 1801: pp 86-90 4 4B:pp 102, 120 4 5B:pp 120-122 46 FD Vol 3: 22 Nov 1796 47 AR: 1796 p 44] 5 Dec 1796 48 List of subscribers in Lambert, Sheila ed (cf note 42 above) Vol 104: pp 391-468 49 T: 28 Feb 1797; also quoted in Gilbart, J W History and Principles of Banking 1834 T: Feb 1798 passim 51 B: p 139 5 2B:pp 151-152 5 3B:p 153 5 4 B:p l54 5 5B:p 161 56 B: p 59-60 57 T: 6 June 1799 58 Ziegler, Philip The Sixth Great Power: Barings 1762-1929 1988: p 58 59 as note 30 above HMN 4/78/2: Ms letter dated 14 Jan 1799 60 Parkes, Joseph and Merivale, Herman Memoirs of Sir Philip Francis KCB...2 vols 1867. Vol 2: p 398 61 T: 22 Feb 1800 62 as note 30 above: HMN 4/78/4 Ms letter 22 Oct 1800 63 as note 30 above: HMN 4/52/21 Ms letter dated 14 Feb 1801: Angerstein wrote that the 'loan business is nearly made up and I will put you in my list for ten thousand pounds if my party get the loan. We bid for it on Monday morning.. .My Julia joins in particular remembrance'. 64 FL Vol 2: p 468 65 MI: p 111 66WF:pp 174-175 '7 Information kindly supplied by Miss A F Sutton, Archivist, The Mercers' Company 1993. Angerstein, Thomas Lewis and Henry Crokatt were granted a lease of two rooms in the south outward pawne for eleven years from Christmas 1786, paying all customary dues including insuring the premises for £200 in the name of the Mercers' Company. Angerstein undertook to nominate 'a person with themselves' to be security for the rent and the performance of the covenants in the lease. 68 Public Advertiser: 21 July 1791 69 do: 16 Aug 1791 70 T: 27 Jan 1796

WF:pp 221-222

223


72 WF: p 222 ' Minute Books, Lloyd's Library

74 Angerstein made a proposal at the Quarterly General Court of the Bank of England in 1800 (T: 4 July) and in 1808 was appointed to an East India Company committee 'to inspect the bye-laws' (T: 23 June) 75 Gibb, D E W Lloyd's of London 1957: pp 73-74 76 Minute Book Lloyd's Library: 26 Mar 1800 77 as note 75 above: p 74 7* Sun: 4 Dec 1793

9 Byron, Lord Don Juan: Canto 10, stanza 86. line 5 on

Court and City Register 1796: pp 223-224 As a Commissioner Angerstein became 'esquire' rather than 'mister' 81 The Royal Kalendar 1817: pp 311-312 82 34 Geo III c. 81 83 T: 11 July 1794 84 T: 14 Mar and 4 May 1795 85 Philips, Cyril H The East India Company 1784-1834 1940: p 26 86 T: 19 Feb 1793 87 T: 12 Mar 1793 m Sun: 23 and 25 Oct 1793 89 do: Nov 1793 passim 90 do: 14 and 28 Nov 1793

General United Society for Supplying the British Troops upon the Continent with Extra Cloathing... 1798; meeting 4 Jan 1794 92 do 93 AR 1794: Chronicle p 15 10 Jun 1794 94 Newdigate-Newdegate, Lady The Cheverels ofCheverel Manor 1898: p 148 95 Minute Book, Lloyd's Library 96 T: 12 June 1794 97 T: 17 June 1794 98 T: 27 June 1794 99 T: 7 July 1794: 'tomorrow the Lord Mayor will give...' 100 T: 11 Mar 1795 101 St Quintin, A N The Patriotic Fund at Lloyd's 1923: p 21 1,2 Dillon, Sir William Henrys Narrative of my Professional Adventures 2 vols 1953, 1956 Vol 1: p 153

10 as note 91 above 104 Sun: 25 Feb 1795 105 do: 26 Sept 1794 106 T: 28 July 1794 107 AR 1794: Chronicle p 20 108 T: 10 Mar 1797 109 T: 25 Mar 1797

T: 4 May 1797 announcing benefit to be held on 18 May - 'a favourite opera, with dances' 111 FD Vol 8: 29 Mar 1807 112 T: 18 Apr 1796 113 T: 7 and 8 June 1797 114 T: 17 Oct 1797: dispatches had arrived the day before. T: 18 Oct reported the opening of the appeal 115 T: 18-25 Oct 1797 116 True Briton: 23 Oct 1797 117 T: 19 Jan 1798 118 T: 3 Oct 1798 , , 9 N Vol3:p217 120 T: 7 Feb 1799 121 WF: p 209 122 Cookson, J E The British Armed Nation 1793-1815 1997: p 218 123 T: 11 Mar 1795

125

124 Public Advertiser: 11 Mar 1772 London Chronicle: 2-5 May 1795

224


126 T: 13 July 1795 127 T: 15 July 1795 128 T: 24 July 1795 129 T: 25 July 1795 130 DNB 1 1 T: 4 Jan 1799. A further appeal was made in December (T: 7 Dec 1799) "' General Report of the Committee of Subscribers to a Fund for the Relief of the Industrious Poor... 1800: passim

133 Torrington, F William ed House of Lords Sesional Papers 1799-1800 Vol 2: p 577 134 HC 135 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/78/8: Ms letter dated 24 Nov 1802 136 HC; Jackson, Gordon 77?e Claytons of Grimsby: Local Trade and Politics in the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries in The Lincolnshire Historian Vol 9: p 50 137 Lincolnshire Archives T d E F/2 passim 138 T: 20 Dec 1790 139 AR: 3 Feb 1797 140 Sir Francis Vincent's brother married a cousin of Hon William Hervey, who often visited the Vincents (cf The Journals of the Hon William Hervey 1906) 141

142 AR: 3 Feb 1797 HC

143 T: 10 May 1802 144 T: 19 May 1802 145 FD Vol 7: 30 Mar 1806 146 Smith, John Thomas Nollekens and his Times 2 vols 2nd ed 1829. Vol 2: p 39 147 At Lloyd's 148 According to Allingham, E G in A Romance of the Rostrum 1924, the Cromwell mask, said to be of undeniable authenticity, was sold as part of the disposal of an Angerstein collection in 1840. 149 as note 146 above: p 43 150 Harcourt, Rev Leveson Vernon ed Diaries and Correspondence of Right Hon George Rose 2 vols 1860. Vol 2: pp 237-8 151 The Complete Peerage sub Montrose 152 Colchester, Charles Lord ed The Diary and Correspondence of Charles Abbott, Lord Colchester 3 vols 1861. Vol 2: p 54 30 Apr 1806 153 do: p 55 2 May 1806 154 do: pp 55-56 4 May 1806 55 Historical Manuscripts Commission The Manuscripts ofJBFortescueEsq...atDropmore Vol VIII 1912: p 155

156 as note 152 above: p 460 7 Dec 1813 157 as note 152 above: p 544 20 May 1815 158 Bolton, A T ed The Works of Sir John Soane... 1924?: p 83 159 as note 152 above Vol 3: p 480 25 Apr 1825 60 City of Cambridge (Royal Commission on Historical Monuments England) 2 vols 1988 Vol 1: p 24

161 Lloyd's Library Ms letter 7 June 1814 62 Information kindly suppied by Professor Paul B Trescott, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, 1993

163 Suffolk County Record Office HA53/359/46: notes on trust. HA53/359/48: notes by Emilia Boucherett. 164 The following account, except where noted, is from Goebel, Julius ed The Law Practice of Alexander Hamilton 1964 vol 4: pp 163-179. See also Kline, Mary-Jo ed Political Correspondence and Public Papers of Aaron Burr 1983 2 vols: Vol 1 pp 289-295, 324-326, Vol 2 p 740 165 Huth, Hans and Pugh, Wilma J eds Talleyrand in America as a Financial Promoter 1942: pp 88-89 166 Birchenough E and J The Manor House, Lee and its Associations 2nd ed 1971: passim 167 London Borough of Lewisham Local Studies Centre Ms lease 168 Lincolnshire Archives T d E F/2: 9 Nov 1796 169 Lincolnshire Archives Stubbs IV/28/7/3 170 Burke's Landed Gentry 17th ed 1952 sub Maddison 171 Young, Arthur General View of the Agriculture of the County of Lincolnshire 2nd ed 1813 rep 1970: p 5 172 do: p 293 173 do: pp 438-441

225


174 T: 30 May 1800 175 T: 19 Aug 1805

76 The Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England Vol 1 1840 Jackson, Gordon Grimsby and the Haven Company 1971: pp 1-2

178 do: p 8 179 36 Geo III c. 98 180 as note 177 above: Angerstein to Boucherett 10 Feb 1800 181 as note 171 above: p454 182 as note 177 above: p 22 183 as note 177 above: p 39 quoting British Transport Archives GHN/1/1 30 Jun 1801 1 84

as note 177 above: p 39. The dock was completed in early 1804. but more than a decade later Angerstein was receiving no more than £130 per annum on his investment (do: p 49) 185 Wright, Neil R Lincolnshire Towns and Industry 1700-1914 (History of Lincolnshire Vol XI) 1982: p 69 186 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG/225. The purchase date was 5 Aug 1824 187 as note 177 above: p 52 188 as note 177 above: p 53 189 AR 1798: p 59 19 Jul 1798 190 T: 17 Dec 1798 191 T: 21 Dec 1798 192 T: 25 June 1799 93 T: 25 Aug 1800

T: 21 Oct 1800 T: 27 Mar 1802

194

195

196 Weinreb, Ben and Hibbert, Christopher The London Encyclopaedia 1983: p 884 197 T: 4 Sept 1810 198 52 Geo III c. 141 199 T: 4 July 1814 200 T: 3 and 13 Aug 1814

CHAPTER FIVE

1 Hoogsteder Journal Sept 2001: Searching for Hendrick Meulenaer (internet) 2 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG I Jameson, Mrs Anna Handbook to the Public Galleries of Art in or near London 1842: p 80 4 W Vol 1: p 80 refers to Lawrence 'having avoided the errors of taste and of science, which might naturally be expected in a person entirely self-taught, and who had [in his early years] lived excluded from the society of artists and without even the advantage of a reference to many of the standard-works of the masters. But his taste was excellent and intuitive'. 5 Young, John A Catalogue of the Celebrated Collection of Pictures of the late John Julius Angerstein, Esq... 1823: p 66 comments that the six cost 1,000 guineas 6 FD Vol 2: 8 Apr 1796 7 FD Vol 3: 29 Apr 1797 8 Gage, John ed Collected Correspondence ofJM W Turner 1980: p 3 recollections of Turner by George Jones 9 Turner, Jane ed The Dictionary of Art 34 vols 1996. Vol 31: p 467 entry on Turner by Andrew Wilton 10 FD Vol 4: 26 May 1799 II Herrmann, Frank The English as Collectors 1972: pp 127-133 discusses Buchanan and quotes the latter's Memoirs of Painting 1824 12 FD Vol 3: 28 May 1797 1 Waagen, Gustav Works of Art and Artists in England 3 vols 1838 rep 1970: Vol 1: p 50 14 B:pp 14-15 15 Herrmann, Frank The English as Collectors 1972: pp 133-147 passim, principally quoting from Buchanan, William Memoirs of Painting 1824 1 6B:p 124 17 FD Vol 3: 11 Mar 1797 1 8 B:pl24 19 Buchanan, William Memoirs of Painting 2 vols 1824. Vol 1: p 20

226


20 Leslie, C R and Taylor, Tom Life and Times of Sir Joshua Reynolds 2 vols 1865. Vol 2: p 633 The National Gallery of Pictures by the Great Masters 2 vols circa 1840. Vol 1: no 43 The anonymous author

comments that the price Angerstein paid for the picture 'does not appear to mark that it stood very high in the general estimation'

[Fry, Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974: p 54 " F D Vol 3: 11 Mar 1797 24 W Vol 2: p 417 25 Waagen, Gustav Works of Art and Artists in England 3 vols 1838 rep 1970: pp 187-191 26 do: p 319

as note 22 above: pp 46-60 gives information on all those of Angerstein's pictures that eventually went to the National Gallery 28 National Gallery Illustrated General Catalogue 1973: p 753 29 Hake, Gordon Memoirs of Eighty Years 1892: pp 175-176. Hake was a doctor, writer and traveller who lived in East Anglia from 1839 to 1853. 30 FD Vol 3: 29 Dec 1798 31 Herrmann, Frank The English as Collectors 1972: pp 163-167 quoting chiefly from Whitley, William T Artists and their Friends in England 1700-1799 2vols 1928 32 FD Vol 4: 8 May 1799 33 Knowles, John The Life and Writings ofHen/y Fuseli 1831 3 vols Vol 1: pp 190-224 passim 34 FD Vol 4: 7 Nov 1799 j5 as note 33 above: p 60 36 as note 33 above: p 38 ,7 Sichel, Walter ed The Glenbervie Journals 1910: p 238 ,8 Andrews, C Bruyn ed The Torrington Diaries 4 vols 1934. Vol 2: p 39. In this edition it is explained in the notes that A stands for Angerstein; whilst in the same editor's selection of extracts published in 1974 Angerstein's name is given in full on p 177 in the diary entry itself. j9 Dallaway, James Anecdotes of the Arts in England 1800: p 516. 40 do: p 521 Dallaway listed ten of Reynold's most famous paintings with Angerstein's Garrick beru;een Tragedy and Comedy coming first. 41 Hilles, F W ed Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds 1929: 13 Feb 1787. The younger William Lock's gradual loss of faith in himself as an artist has been discussed above. By 1800 the Discobolus too had been sold. 42 Avery, Charles Giambologna the Complete Sculpture 1987: pp 239-241 43 FD Vol 4: 8 May 1801 44 LAV Vol 3: p 6. Extracts relating to Angerstein are in the London Borough of Greenwich Local History Library and were used in [Fry, Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974 45 FD Vol 5: 19 Feb 1802 46

47 FD Vol 13: 16 May 1814 FD Vol 13: 16 May 1814 Young, John A Catalogue of the Celebrated Collection of Pictures of the Late John Julius Angerstein, Esq 1823: p 30

49 National Galleiy Illustrated General Catalogue 1973: p 147 50 [Fry, Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974: p 49 51 Hazlitt, William Sketches of the Principal Picture Galleries of England 1824: p 20 52 FD Vol 6: 4 and 5 Apr 1803 53 Quoted in Whitley, William T Art in England 1800-1820 1928 rep 1973: pp 62-63 54 FD Vol 6: 8 Apr 1803 55 FD Vol 6: 10 Apr 1803 56 Wood, Sir Henry Trueman The History of the Royal Society of Arts 1913: p 175. Earlom received an award each year from 1757 to 1766 57 DNB 58 FD Vol 6: Apr-May 1803 59 Waagen, Gustav Works of Art and Artists in England 3 vols 1838 rep 1970: Vol 1 pp 224-225 60FDVol 11: 8 Jan 1811 61 Published in two volumes in 1809 62 Edinburgh Review Vol XVI 1810: pp 310-311 63 do: p 314 64 Edinburgh Review Vol XXIII 1814: pp 265-266

227


65 do: pp 283-284 66 MaiTS, Edwin W ed The Letters of Charles and Mary Lamb 3 vols 1975-78. Vol 2: pp 223-224 15 Mar 1806 67 South Carolina Historical and GenealogicalMagazine Vol 43 1942: pp 38-39 Journal of John Blake White Apr 1803

8 There is no other reference dating from Angerstein's lifetime to his owning a picture by Raphael, but that artist's Portrait of Pope Julius was in his collection at the time of his death

The only picture in Angerstein's collection known to have come from here is the Raphael referred to above. 70 Angerstein is not known to have owned any picture from this collection 71 Public Characters of 1803-1804: pp 396-397 72 Nettleship, J T George Morland... 1898: p 10, quoting from Hassell, J Life of George Morland 1805 73 JL Vol 3: 9 Dec 1796

4 Lock Papers in the National Archives, Dublin 75 Tillyard, Stella Aristocrats 1994: passim; LN: passim 76 as note 74 above 7 7LN:p 110 78

Williamson, George C ed Bryan 's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers new ed 5 vols 1930. Vol 5: p 158 79 Reilly, Robin Wedgw'ood 2 vols 1989. Vol 1: pp 604-605. There are several further references to Lady Templetown and illustrations of pieces with her designs; and her portrait by John Downman is also reproduced *° The Complete Peerage 81 The Journals of the Hon William Hervey Suffolk Green Books XIV 1906: 20 Aug 1798. Yet another of Hervey's connections is shown by a later entry: ...to Mr [George] Peters's at Betchworth Castle...' (31 Aug 1803) 82 as note 79: pp 605-607 83 Barbier, Carl Paul William Gilpin: his Drawings, Teaching, and Theory of the Picturesque 1963: p 156 and plate 12a 84 Brewer, John The Pleasures of the Imagination 1997: p 401 85 Concerts of An tien t Music, under the Patronage of their Majesties... at the New Rooms, Hanover Square 1804 86 do: published annually 87 FL Vol 2: p 450 88 JL Vol 4: 21-23 Feb 1798 89 JL Vol 4: 26 Feb - 8 Mar 1798

0 Tillyard, Stella Citizen Lord 1997 passim 91 LN: p 142 92 Bindoff, S T and others eds British Diplomatic Representatives 1787-1852 1934: pp 41, 66 93 FD Vol 3: 2 Nov 1798 94 T: 29 June 1798 95 FD Vol 3: 15 Oct 1798 96 Herrmann, Frank The English as Collectors 1972: p 27 9 7LN:pp 145-152 98 Fraser, Flora Beloved Emma 1986: passim 99 N Vol 3: p 420; LN: pp 172-173 100LN:pp 173-177 101 N Vol 4: note on pp 127-128 102 N Vol 4: p 100 1 0 3LN:p 189 3 Dec 1799 104 N Vol 4: p 128 4 Dec 1799 105 N Vol 4: p 129 6 Dec 1799 106 LN:p 191-193 107 LN: p 204 108 T: 1 May 1801 109 T: 12 May 1801 110 Oman, Carola Sir John Moore 1953: pp 274-275 1,1 LN:p212 112 FD Vol 6: 30 Aug 1803 113 T: 5 Jan 1805 1,4 T: 20 Jan 1805 115 LN: p 267 letter dated 2 Nov 1804 1.6 JL Vol 2: 2 Aug 1793 1.7 JL Vol 3: 23 Mar 1794

228


118 Camilla, or a Picture of Youth 1796 119 Cecilia, or Memoirs of an Heiress 1782 rep as Vols 40-42 of The British Novelists 1810: Vol 3: p 351 120 Hemlow, Joyce The History of Fanny Burney 1958: pp 255-257. i2i JL Vol 3: 27 Jul 1797 122 FD Vol 6: 3 July 1803 23 Croker, J W ed Boswell's Life of Johnson new ed 1853: p 222 n 3

124 JL Vol 4: 14 Apr 1799 125 JL Vol 4: 28 Aug 1799 126 JL Vol 4: 14 Sept 1799 , 2 7LN:p 181 128 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG/62 129 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/58/7 Ms letter dated 15 Feb 1800 130 JL Vol 4: 8 Jan 1800 131 as note 129 above: HMN 4/78/1 Ms letter dated 6 Jan 1796 132 do: HMN 4/52/5 letter dated 7 Aug 1796 133 do: HMN 4/52/8 letter dated 30 Nov (no year, but 1796 seems likely) 134 Le Blond, Mrs Aubrey Charlotte Sophia, Countess Bentinck, her Life and Time 1715-1800 2 vols 1912. Vol 2: p 252 135 JL: Vol 3 10-11 Oct 1796 and explanatory note. 136 Cope S R The Original Security Bank in Economica Feb 1946: pp 50-55. The Bank's records are in Guildhall Library 137 as note 134 above Vol 2: pp 161, 170 and 179 138 do Vol 2: p 204 139 as note 129 above: HMN 4/78/3 Ms letter dated 8 Mar 1800 140 DNB 141 AR: 4 Apr 1778 142 FD Vol 10: INov 1810 143 FD Vol 6: 26 Feb 1804 144 JL Vol 4: 31 Jul 1800 145 FD Vol 4: 23 Apr 1799 146 Garlick, Kenneth Sir Thomas Lawrence 1989: p 214 147 W Vol 1: p 205 A critic is quoted as remarking that although 'perfectly peaceful in point of design', the colouring was 'flat' and 'this picture conveys the idea of a beautiful female wandering over a desolate and unfrequented island' 148 As note 146 above: p 137 149 JL Vol 4: 17 Nov 1800 150 as note 129 above: HMN 52/21/1 Ms letter dated 28 Jan 1801 151 FL Vol 2: p 420 152 FL Vol 2: p 426 153 FL Vol 2: p 449 154 FL Vol 2: p 467 155 FL Vol 2: p 469 156 FL Vol 2: p 471 157 FL Vol 2: p 472 158 [Mount Edgcumbe, Earl of] Musical Reminiscences of an Old Amateur 1827: pp 148-149; Sadie, Stanley ed The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians 20 vols 1980 Vol 1: p 23 159 FL Vol 2: p 481 160 FL Vol 2: p 484 161 FL Vol 2: p 492 162 FL Vol 2: p 504

CHAPTER SIX

1 Morning Chronicle: 13 Mar 1798 2 do: 10 May 1798 3 do: 21 June 1798 4 Prospectus of the Royal Institution 1800: passim; Greenaway, F Archives of the Royal Institution 1971: passim

229

NOTES T O PAGES 110-115

Berman, Morris Social Change and Scientific Organization: the Royal Institution 1799-1844 1978 p 75 6 do: p 76 7 do: p 92 8 T: 25 May 1805 9 T : 3 1 May 1805

Hays, J N Science in the City: the London Institution, 1819-40 in British Journal for the History of Science July 1974: p 147 footnote quoting the inaugural oration in 1815 1' Gascoigne, John Joseph Banks and the English Enlightenment 1994 p 223 12 as note 5 above p 146 13 DNB 14 Catalogue of the Library of the London Institution 1813 15 as note 10 above p 93 1 as note 5 above pp 156-157 17 Moore, James The History of the Small-pox 1815: pp 227-235 18 T: 13 Nov 1793 19 T: 15 Feb 1796

Baron, John The Life of Edward Jenner MD 2 vols 1838; Saunders, Paul Edward Jenner The Cheltenham Years 1982 and Fisher, Richard B Edward Jenner 1749-1823 1991 are three of a large number of works on Jenner and smallpox ;1 Saunders, Paul Edward Jenner The Cheltenham Years 1982: pp 82-83. The same author describes Angerstein as ' . . .a friend of Jenner's all through his life, visiting Cheltenham every season' (Introduction p xvi) but does not quote sources 22 Fisher, Richard B Edward Jenner 1749-1823 1991: p 96 23 Baron, John The Life of Edward Jenner MD 2 vols 1838: Vol 1 p 372 24 as note 22 above: p 112 25 as note 22 above: p 119-130 passim 26 T: 12 Jan 1803 27 AR: Jan 1803; T: 20 Jan 1803 28 T: 18 Feb 1803; also Address of the Royal Jenner i an Society 1803

9 T: 11 Mar 1803. At this period Angerstein was a frequent attender at Court. The Times recorded him as being at the King's Levee earlier in March and again in June; at the Queen's Drawing room in May and at the King's 65th birthday Drawing Room in June 30 The Medical and Physical Journal: Jan-June 1803 31 as note 23 above: Vol 2 p 56 32 Murray, Charles Debates in Parliament respecting the Jennerian Discovery.. .together with the Report of the Royal College of Physicians of London on the Vaccine Inoculation... 1808: p 144-147 33 Quoted in Drewitt, F Dawtrey Life of Edward Jenner 2nd ed 1933: p 99 34 as note 22 above quoting National Vaccine Establishment's Report for 1818 35 Royal Kalendar 1817 For several years Wilberforce was also one of the four Vice-Presidents. 36 Lowe, Joseph The Present State of 'England... 2nd ed 1823 rep 1967: app p [10] 37 T: 12 July 1793 38 T: 21 Nov 1801 ,9 T: 9 July 1788 and later similar entries

An Account of the Rise Progress and Present State of the Society for the Discharge and Relief of people imprisoned for small debts throughout England 13 ed 1796 41 T; 26 June 1789, 5 Mar 1790, 30 Aug and 19 Dec 1791, 6 Mar 1792 and later entries. 42 Information kindly supplied by Mr D R Young, Committees Archives and Protocol Officer, Christ's Hospital 1993 4 T: 23 Mar 1795; Angerstein was a steward at the annual sermon 44 T: 21 May 1794; Angerstein was still a Vice-President in 1817 (Royal Kalendar) 45 Poland, John Records of the Miller Hospital 1893 46 T: 21 Apr 1802; Angerstein was a steward at the first anniversary dinner and a Vice-President 47 Penny Cyclopaedia 27 vols plus 2 vol supp 1833-43. Vol 4: p 19

49 T: 8 Jan 1805 T: 31 Dec 1804: 8 and 31 Jan 1805

,0 Weinreb, Ben and Hibbert, Christopher eds The London Encyclopaedia 2nd ed 1993: p 542 51 T: 14 Apr 1804 mentioning Angerstein as a Vice-President

230


52 T: 20 Feb 1805 mentioning Angerstein as a Steward at the 1805 Anniversary Meeting T: 3 Apr 1805 mentioning Angerstein as a Steward at the 1805 Anniversary Dinner

5 4T:31 Mar 1807 55 T: 25 Feb 1799 56 JL Vol 4: 4 Apr 1801 57 T: 3 Jul 1799

T: 7 Mar 1800 Seven years later there was 'disapprobation' of the conduct of some of the officers and management; and a mass resignation of the President, Vice-Presidents (including Angerstein) Treasurer and Life Governors who all joined the New Rupture Society which had been established in 1805 59 T: 7 and 16 Oct 1806 60 T: 11 and 24 Apr 1807 61 T: 15 May 1806 62 T: 28 Sept and 8 Oct 1807 63 WF: p 449 64 DNB: sub Cogan, Thomas (1736-1818) and Hawes, William (1736-1808), the founders (,> Leach, Nicholas Early Life-boats in Liverpool Bay in The Mariner's Mirror Feb 1995: pp 21-31 passim 66 Macpherson, David Annals of Commerce 4 vols 1805 Vol 3: p 514 deals with events of 1771 and refers to the French experiments. Lamb, Sir John Cameron The Life-Boat and its Work 1911 pp 1-2 quotes a French source which refers to trials on the Seine in 1775 of a boat whose invention was then ten years old 67 Repertory of Arts Vol 3 1795: pp 10-12 68 DNB: Tudor-Craig, Sir Algernon Romance of Melusine...! 932: passim for his family background. He was related by marriage to William Windham, who was in the Cabinet from 1794-1801; and the latter's Early Life and Diaries by Cremer, R W Ketton 1950 refers to Lukin, whose own The Invention, Principles of Construction and Uses of Unimmergible Boats (1806) gives details of his experiments. Osier, Adrian Mr Greathead's Lifeboats 1990 found 'no apparent record of the coble's actual return date, or authenticated instances of its subsequent use', though Lukin (op cit) maintained that 'many lives were saved in the course of the first year' 69 Newcastle Advertiser: 2 and 16 May 1789 (inter alia). See also Leach, Nicholas The Origins of the Life-boat Service 1992: pp 29-33 and Osier, Adrian op cit note 68 above 70 Hodgson, George B The Borough of South Shields 1903: p 429 71 Surtees, Robert The History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham 2 vols 1816-40 rep 1972 Vol 2: p 96

Newcastle Courant: 6 Feb 1790 73 M:pp 213-214 74 Newcastle Chronicle: 30 Mar 1799 The Northumberland rescued a number of men by 'going off, at imminent peril, through a vast quantity of floating ice and very high sea'

Greathead, Henry The Report of the Evidence, and othe Proceedings in Parliament Respecting the Invention of the Life-boat 1804: pp 68-69 for boats built by Greathead up to 1803; Fair, Grahame rev and ed Morris, Jeff Lists of British Life-boats 1992 gives comprehensive details 76 Newcastle Chronicle: 1 Mar 1800 77 Hails, W A An Enquiry concerning the Invention of the Life Boat 1806: p 56 quoting letter from Nicholas Failes to Hails dated 4 Feb 1806

as note 75 above: pp 1-2 quoting letter from the Secretary of the Society to Rowland Burdon MP 16 July 1801 79 Report from the Committee on Mr Greathead's Petition 1802: p 13 evidence by Greathead 80 Fothergill, A An Essay on the Preservation of Shipwrecked Mariners in Answer to the Prize-Questions proposed by the Royal Humane Society... 1799. The wording of the questions is given in the full title of the book, which also gives a report of the special meeting (no page number) 81 do: pp 20-21 82 Court and City Register 1796: p 140 83 as note 79 above: p 17 apps A and B 84 as note 80 above: p 21 85 DNB 86 Grant, James The Narrative of a Voyage of Discovery in his Majesty's Vessel the Lady Nelson...with Sliding Keels, in the years 1800, 1801 and 1802 1803 87 Angerstein had been a supporter since at least 1791, when he contributed to a subscription for new drags which were to be used to rescue those who had fallen into the water (T: 2 July 1791). He was a steward at the Annual Sermon in 1800 (T:19 Apr 1800) 88 as note 77 above: pp 55-56 quoting letter dated 4 Feb 1806 from Nicholas Failes to Hails

72

231


96

89 as note 79 above: p 19 app D 90 eg Lamb, Sir John Cameron The Life-Boat and its Work 1911: pp 2-14 passim 91 as note 79 above: p 20 app E 92 as note 77 above: p 55 93 Encyclopaedia Britannica 1959 ed Vol 12: p 543 sub Inventions and Discoveries 94 Minute Book, Lloyd's Library 95 as note 79 above

as note 79 above as note 75 above as note 75 above

99 House of Commons Journals: 2 June 1802 00 Farr, Grahame British Life-boat Stations 1979: p 2 01 Malster, R W Suffolk Lifeboats - the first Quarter-Century - in The Mariner's Mirror Vol 55 (1969): quoting

Ipswich Journal: 22 Nov 1800 02 Farr, Grahame rev and ed Morris, Jeff Lists of British Life-boats 1992: pp 2-3 "' Lukin, Lionel The Invention, Principles of Construction and Uses of Unimmergible Boats 1806: passim; Hails, W A

P3 P 9 p 43, quoting Lloyd's Minutes 20 May 1802 pp 37-42 quoting House of Commons Journals

An Enquiry Concerning the Invention of the Life Boat 1806: passim 04 as note 75 above: passim 05 Osier, Adrian Mr Greathead's Life-boats 1990: p 80 quoting Newcastle Courant 3 Nov 1810 06 'Hansard' (Parliamentary Debates) Vol XX 1812: 10 June 1811 cols 558,559 07 House of Commons Report... on the Petition of Henry Greathead... 1810-1811 18 Phipps, Hon Edmund Memoirs of the Political and Literary Life of Robert Plumer Ward 2 vols 1850 Vol 1: p 477 09 Parliamentary Journal: 29 Apr 1812 10 London Gazette: 4 Nov 1813 11 Lamb, Sir John Cameron The Life-boat and its Work 1911 covers the founding and early years of the RNIPLS 12 Worsley, Frank and Griffith, Glyn The Romance of Lloyd's 1932: pp 283-284 13 Minute Book Lloyd's Library: 17 Aug 1802 14 T: 24 Aug 1802 15 as note 112 above: pp 284-285 16 Calendar of Home Office Papers: letter 17 Mar 1764 from Earl of Halifax (Secretary of State, Southern

Department) to Henry Muilman and Thomas Macky and reply 23 Mar 1764 17 T: 19 July 1799 18 Flaxman, John A Letter to the Committee for Raising the Naval Pillar or Monument 1799: passim 19 LN: p 200 20 Russell, Jack Nelson and the Hamiltons 1965: p 145 21 T: 17 Nov 1800 22 WF: illustrated opp p 208; inscriptions pp xvii-xviii 2j Lloyd's Library: from St George Yarmouth 9 Mar 1801 24 T: 17 Apr 1801 25 Oman, Carola Nelson 1950: p 432 26 T: 17 Apr 1801 27 Part of the Copenhagen plate is now owned by Lloyd's 28 Dawson, Warren R The Treasures of Lloyd's 4* ed 1930: p 142 29 N Vol 4: pp 415-416 15 Jun 1801 30 N Vol 5: pp 4-5 17 Feb 1802 31 T: 26 Aug 1801 32 N Vol 4: p 519 25 Oct 1801 33 T: 26 Mar 1802 34 T: 11 July 1803 35 WF: p 227

The resolution appeared in the press (eg T: 21 July 1803) and as a pamphlet. It is reproduced in full in BSH App 1: pp 119-120 ' j 7BSH:pp 122-123 138 T: 13 Aug 1803 139 T: 6 Aug and 10 Oct 1803 140 BSH: p 123

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141 Ziegler, Philip The Sixth Great Power: Barings 1762-1929 1988 142 Weekly Political Register: 1 Oct 1803 143 T: 3 Oct 1803 144 St Quintin, A N The Patriotic Fund at Lloyd's 1923: p 48 145 Roberts, W Memoir...of Hannah More 2nd ed 4 vols 1834. Vol 3: p 215 27 Feb 1804 146 T: 8 Oct 1805 reporting a General Meeting of the Fund on 24 Sept 147 FD Vol 6: 5 Sept 1803 148 T: 2 Dec 1803 149 BSH: p 59 gives a full description ' eg the fifth concert of the 1804 series performed on 21 Mar. After the first Anniversary Dinner of the Royal Jennerian Society 'Non Nobis Domine, God Save the King, Britons Strike Home and several excellent songs were sung with great spirit' (T: 18 May 1804) 151 South wick, Leslie Patriotic Fund Swords Part 1 (quoting Patriotic Fund Committee Book T. p 114) in Journal of the Arms and Armour Society Vol 12 Sept 1987: p 226 152 do: p 223 153 Fox, Celina ed London - World City 1800-1840 1992: pp 238-240 (including illustration) 1 4 as note 151 above and BSH: pp 138-153. Both detail swords awarded 155 South wick, Leslie The Silver Vases awarded by the Patriotic Fund (quoting Fox, George Account of the Firm of Rundell, Bridge and Rundell 1843-6 (unpublished)) in The Silver Society Journal Vol 1 1990: p 28 156 Lever, Christopher Goldsmiths and Silversmiths of England 1975: pp 122-123 quoting Fox, George (as note 155 above)

5 as note 155 above: p 28 158 as note 155 above: p 28 159 as note 155 above and BSH: pp 138-153 both detail vases awarded 160 as note 155 above: p 32 161 BSH: p 10 162 BSH: pp 13 and 91-93 163 WF: p 209 164 Perrin, W G and Lloyd, Christopher The Keith Papers... 1927-55 3 vols. Vol 2: 12 Nov 1803 165 Clarke, J S and M'Arthur, J The Life of Admiral Lord Nelson KB...2 vols 1809 App 12: p 494 166 N Vol 6 pp 28-29 24 May 1804 167 T: 22 Nov 1805 The letter was from 'A Friend of the Navy' 168 T: 27 Nov 1805 169

170

T: 20 Jan 1 BSH: pp 20, 129

' ' BSH: pp 20-21, including a photograph of Lady Nelson's letter. 172 BSH: p 51 173 do 174 T: 11 Jan 1811; BSH: p 52 175 BSH: p 55 176 T: 25 July 1800 177 Lloyd's Library: letter dated 23 July 1806 178 N Vol 7: p 311 quoting White's Life of Nelson: p 398 179 T: 21 Nov 1805 180 Mace, Rodney Trafalgar Square 1976: pp 58-59 181 BSH: p 51 182 T: 25 June 1806 183 T: 15 and 24 Feb 1812 184 T: 23 May 1812 185 T: 1 May 1812 186 T: 4 Sept 1812

CHAPTER SEVEN

1 Minto, Countess of ed Life and Letters of Sir Gilbert Elliot First Earl of Minto 3 vols 1874: 7 July 1803 2 Pratt, Samuel Jackson Gleanings in England 3 vols 1803. Vol 3: pp 627-628

233


T: 5 June 1801 4 Fraser, Flora The Unruly Queen 1996: passim 5 Hibbert, Christopher George IV Prince of Wales 1973: p 162 6 Sun: 3 Jan 1794 7 JL Vol 5: 15 Jan 1802 SJL Vol 5: 28 Mar 1802 9 Lewis, Lady Theresa ed Extracts from the Journal and Correspondence of Miss Berry 3 vols 1861. Vol 2: 18 Jan 1812. Mary Berry records several social occasions involving the Princess and the Locks and Angersteins 10 FD Vol 7: 21 June 1806 1 ' as note 4 above: p 172 12 FD Vol 8: 13 and 16 Aug 1806 13 Quoted in WVol 1: p 255 14 Quoted in W Vol 1: pp 257-259 15 as note 4 above: pp 172-173 16 do: p 176 quoting Aspinall, Arthur The Correspondence of George, Prince of Wales 8 vols 1963-71. Vol 5 p 408 17 Suffolk County Record Office HA 53/359/40 Ms letter 5 Sept 1806 18 T: 4 Oct 1806 19 Quoted in LN: pp 229-230 3 Oct 1806 20 as note 17 above Ms letter 25 Oct 1806 21 Quoted in LN: p 222 no date 22 Quoted in LN: p 234 27 Dec 1806 23 FL Vol 2: pp 634-635 24 Quoted in LN: pp 231-232 12 Feb 1807 25 as note 17 above Ms letter 6 Mar 1807 26 Quoted in LN: pp 228-229 27 Apr 1807 (misdated 1804 in LN) 27 Quoted in LN: pp 232-233 no date 28 FD Vol 8: 2 May 1807 29 as note 4: p 143 'l0 as note 17 above Ms letter no date 31 do Ms letter no date 32 do Ms letter 20 July 1807 33 do Ms letter 24 July 1807 34 do Ms letter 19 June 1! 35 Quoted in LN: pp 234-235 22 Oct 1808 36 FD Vol 9: 20 Apr 1809 !7 Waagen, Gustav Works of Art and Artists in England 1838 3 vols rep 1970: pp 342-343 38 as note 17 above above Ms letter 10 Dec (no year, but she was 'just settling in at Kensington Palace') 39 as note 4 above: p 211 40 Melville, Lewis ed The Berry Papers 1914: p 291 8 Aug 1809 41 as note 38 above 42 Quoted in LN: p 231 43 as note 40 above: p 291 31 May 1809 44 FD Vol 9: 3 June 1809 45 Bury, Lady Charlotte The Diary of a Lady-in-Waiting 2 vols 1908. Vol 1: p 156 46 do Vol l :p 158 21 Aug 1813 47 do Vol 1: p 241 1814? 48 do Vol 2: p 339 49 as note 17 above HA/53/359/41 Ms letter dated 19 Aug 1813 50 Quoted in Melville, Lewis An Injured Queen, Caroline of Brunswick 2 vols 1912. Vol 2: p 417 51 as note 17 above HA 53/359/40 52 as note 4 above: p 302 quoting from Royal Archives ° FD Vol 14:21 July 1816

LAV Vol 2: p 157 W Vol 2: pp 264-265 Quoted in LN: p 296 letter 24 Sept 1821

54

56

234


T: 6 June 1820 quoting The Observer, whose correspondent writing from St Omer on 1st June, reported that 'her Majesty has expressed a full determination to proceed to Dover by a common packet-boat, if the yacht she has demanded is not sent; and if a royal palace is refused she has had an offer of the beautiful house of Mr Angerstein, on Blackheath, which she means to accept' 58 As note 17 above HA/53/359/40 59 T: 26 May 1820

as note 4 above: p 452 quoting from Royal Archives 61 FD Vol 6: 10 May 1803 62 FD Vol 6: 30 Aug 1803 " FD Vol 6: 20 Nov 1804. Lawrence also described Sablukov as 'not of noble family', but he appears to have been incorrect. Not only were two Sablukovs - the family came originally from Poland - listed as noble in 1686 (Mandich, Donald R and Placek, Joseph A Russian Heraldry and Nobility 1992) but by virtue of Peter the Great's Table of Ranks (promulgated in 1722 and still current in 1804) all army officers from Major upwards attained hereditary nobility (for Table of Ranks see website of Bucknell University, USA) 64S: passim (described as 'extracts from a Memoir written by the late General S-off). 55 S: pp 224 and 234. According to Waliszewski, K Paul the First of Russia... 1913: p 12 Plescheev was a 'mystically minded freemason': at this time, according to the same author (p 38) freemasonry 'losing its tone and original character of humane tolerance, went astray among alchemists, illuminati and charlatans of all kinds'. 66 S:pp 238-241 67 Buist, Marten G At Spes non Fracta: Hope & Co 1770-1815 1974: p 575 quoting letter from R Voute, St Petersburg to J Williams Hope, Amsterdam 29 Nov 1793 6 8S:p231 69 S: p 303 7 0S:p312 7 1S:p312 7 2S:p315 73 S: p 325 74 S: pp 326-327 75 MI: p 67 76 Bartenev, P Arkhiv Kniazia Vorontsova XVII1880: p 297 77 MI: p 68 78 FL Vol 2: pp 473-474 79 do: p 475 80 do: p 476 81 Information kindly supplied by Professor Anthony Cross 1996 quoting Bartenev, P Arkhiv Kniazia Vorontsova XVIIT. p 432 82 Sprigge, Timothy and others, ed Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham 11 vols 1968-94 Vol 5: p 152 83 FD Vol 6: 20 Nov 1804 84 as note 45 above Vol 2: p 293 1813? Letter from the Princess 85 Morning Chronicle: 20 Jan 1806 86 FD Vol 7: 27 May 1806 87 as note 82 above Vol 7: pp 363-368 88 as note 82 above Vol 7: p 492 !9 Londonderry, Marchioness of and Hyde, H M eds 77?e Russian Journals of Martha and Catherine Wilmot 1803-1808: p 332 6 Mar 1808 90 FD Vol 12: 30 Aug 1813 91 JL Vol 7: post 23 Sep 1813 92 Scrope, George Poulett Memoirs of Charles, Lord Sydenham by his Brother 1843: passim

CHAPTER EIGHT

'T : 20 July 1798 2 Annals of Lloyd's Register 1884: p 17 quoting Shipowners' Register 1800: explanation dated 2 Apr 1799 3 Annals of Lloyd's Register 1884: pp 17-52; Annals of Lloyd's Register 1934: pp 19-49; Blake, George Lloyd's Register 1760-1960 circa 1960: pp 11-23 4 Blake, George Lloyd's Register 1760-1960 circa 1960: p 110 quoting speech by Sir Walter Runciman

235


5 AR: 19 Oct 1799 6 Dawson, Warren R The Treasures of Lloyd's 4Ih ed 1930 has Angerstein handling the brokerage; while Straus, Ralph Lloyd's a Historical Sketch 1937: p 133 refers to Angerstein as an underwriter. 7 WF: pp 242-243 8 M: pp 232-233 9 MI: passim. Angerstein's evidence is on pp 58-70 10 MI 1810 pp 58, 64 11 Gibb, D E W Lloyd's of London 1957: p 53. In the same passage the author also called the deal 'the chief glory of Angerstein's career as a broker' 12MI:pp 110-111 13 Marryat, Joseph Obsei-vations upon the Report of the Committee on Marine Insurance...to which is added, Copy of a Report Proposed as an Amendment to the Report adopted by the Committee 1810

The following paragraphs are drawn from Marryat, Joseph The Substance of a Speeech...to which are added the Proceedings in the House of Commons in Februaiy 1811 and at Lloyd's on 14"' June 1810 and 11''' April 1811 15 WF:pp 261-274 16 FD Vol 11: 22 Sept 1811

FD Vol 6: 19 June 1803. Nearly seven years earlier Farington had dined with Offley and heard the same story (FD Vol 2: 22 Aug 1796); however since Angerstein and Farington had been connected for many years via their late wives, the latter would have had Hamond family sources from which to find out what was known of Angerstein's antecedents, so that the diary entries were essentially reporting City gossip. 18 George, M Dorothy London Life in the XVIII Century 1925 rep 1951: pp 95-96 19 FD Vol 7: 28 July 1805 20 Rhind, Neil Blackheath Village and Environs 2 vols Vol 1 1976 rev 1993 Vol 2 1982. Vol 2: p 344 21 Quoted in Kimbell, John An Account of the Legacies Etc Appertaining to the Church and Poor of the Parish of St Alphege, Greenwich 1816: p 173 22 Calendar of Treasury Papers Books Vol X 1693-1696 4 parts: Part 2 pp 838-839 30 Nov 1694 23 According to st-alfege.org, the website of St Alfege Church, Greenwich 2001 24 FD Vol 8: 23 Aug 1807 ! Cooke, Alexander George Topographical and Statistical Description of the County of Norfolk: p 90. The book is undated but refers to a map corrected to 1808. As the Earl of Montreith [sic] is called the owner of Weeting, the text must have been written somewhat earlier. 26 The Complete Peerage quoting AR 1802 27 Norfolk Record Office Ms 11954 (30A2) 28 do: HMN 4/279 Ms letter dated 4 May 1807 29 Bennett, Alfred Rosling London and Londoners in the Eighteen Fifties and Sixties 1924: p 140

London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG. See comments above under note 9 to Chapter 1. 31 as note 23 above Ms 11954 (30A2) 32 Luke, Rev F V History of Weeting manuscript 1852 with later additions, passim. In Norfolk Record Office. J3 As note 27 above Ms 13717 Feoffment of divers manors Lord Bradford to John Julius Angerstein made 11 May 48 Geo III (ie 1808) '4 The Complete Peerage sub Mountrath 35 White, William History, Gazetteer and Directory of 'Norfolk... 1854 rep 1959 sub Weeting 36 W Vol l :p 196 1796/97 37 W Vol 1: p 311 38 W Vol 1: p 313 39 W Vol2:pp 101-102 40 W Vol 1: p 391 41 Knapp, Oswald G An Artist's Love Story 1904: pp 23 and 159 42 FD Vol 6: 26 Feb 1804 43 FD Vol 6: 8 Sept 1804 44 LN: pp 269-270 45 FD Vol 7: 28 July 1805

do. Lock's disability would indeed have made it hard for him to stand for the long period required when attending at Court 47

48

47 FD Vol 7: 25 June 1806 FL Vol 2: pp 629-630

236


4'; FD Vol 8: 9 Oct and 3 Nov 1806

10 Healey, Edna Coutts & Co 1692-1992 The Portrait of a Private Bank 1992: p 137 quoting from Courts & Co Archives 51 FD Vol 8: Feb-May 1807, passim 2 Goldring, Douglas Regency Portrait Painter: pp 223 and 226 3 Information kindly supplied by the Archivist, Coutts & Co

D- 29 Mar 1807 8 and 10 Apr 1807 16 Apr 1807 2 May 1807

-8GM: Mar 1808 59 FD Vol 6: 6 Sept 1804

Erffa, Helmut von and Staley, Allen The Paintings of Benjamin West 1986: pp 174-175 61 FD Vol 7: 1 Mar 1805 62 FD Vol 7: 23 Apr 1807. See also Alberts, Robert C Benjamin West, a Biography 1978 63 FD Vol 7: 17 Feb 1806 64

FD Vol 8 FD Vol 8 FD Vol 8

57 FD Vol 8

T: 26 Dec 1806 FD Vol 8: 10 June 1807 FD Vol 8: 13 June 1807 do FD Vol 8 FD Vol 8

70

16 June 1807 3 Dec 1807 28 June 1807 FD Vol 8:

71 Waagen, Gustav Works of Art and Artists in England 3 vols 1838 rep 1970: Vol 1 pp 224-225 72 FD Vol 8: 20 July 1807. The speaker was Lord Thomond 73 Garlick, Kenneth Sir Thomas Lawrence 1989: p 156 74 FD Vol 6: 12 Mar 1806 75 Sotheby & Co Catalogue of Fine English Porcelain 12 Oct 1965: lot 91 76 Godden, Geoffrey The Angerstein Service and its Attribution in Connoisseur April 1966: pp 236-238 77 Owned by Mr Cyril Fry and lent by him to the 1974 exhibition John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 78 T: 11 Apr 1811 79 as note 60 above: pp 346-350 80 Smith, John Thomas Nollekens and his Times 2nd ed 2 vols 1829. Vol 2: pp 396-397 81 LN: pp 275-276 82 Suffolk County Record Office HA/53/359/42 Ms letter no date 83 do 84 Quoted in W Vol l :p300 85GMOct 1810: p 393 86 FD Vol 10: INov 1810 8 7LN:p276

Lewis, Lady Theresa ed Extracts from the Journal and Correspondence of Miss Berry 3 vols 1861. Vol 2: 25 Nov 1810 89 FD Vol 10: 15 Dec 1810 90 Probl 1/516 f 554 (PCC Wills) 91 LN: p 277 92 T: 28 Sept 1808 93GM:Feb 1809 94 LAV Vol l:p206 95FDVol 10:21 Sept 1809 ,6 Baer, Marc Theatre and Disorder in Late Georgian London 1992 p 78 quoting from A Genuine Collection of OP Songs 1809. Baer's book is a wide analysis of the OP Riots and what lay behind them 97 T: 3 Oct 1809 98 do 99 T: 14 Oct 1809 100 T: 26 Oct 1809

237


01 European Magazine January 1821: p 6 (in an article about the new tower of the Royal Exchange, the 'principal site of England's trade') 102 Public Characters of 1803-1804: p 387 103 FD Vol 10: 15 Apr 1810 104 FD Vol 8: 105 FD Vol 9

21 June 1807 16 June 1809 23 Mar 1807 l u o FDVol8:

07 JL Vol 6: 4 July-20 Aug 1812 i' 109

JL Vol 7: 5 Nov 1812 JL Vol 7: 30 Mar 1813

110 JL Vol 7: 10 Dec 1812 1 JL Vol 7: editor's note explaining letter 6 Mar 1813

112 Quoted in JL Vol 7 under entry for 24 May 1814 1,3 JL Vol 7: 30 May 1814 114 JL Vol 7: 4 Sept 1814

CHAPTER NINE

1 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/78/6 Ms letter 27 Oct 1801 2 do HMN 4/78/7 Ms draft letter 9 Dec 1801 3 T: 26 Jan 1802 4 T : 1 Apr 1802

Morning Chronicle: 26 Apr and 1 May 1804 6 Ziegler, Philip The Sixth Great Power: Barings 1762-1929 1988: p 48 7 T : 1 June 1804 8 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/78/12 9 do HMN 4/78/13 10 Doran, W Memoirs of the late Philip Rundell 1827: p 7 11 T: 20 Apr 1805 12 Morning Chronicle: 26 Mar 1806 : Morning Chronicle: 28 May 1808 14 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/78/14 Angerstein had written to Anthony Hamond offering him a participation: 'Lord Grenville wants only £14,200,000 which is much less than last year. 1 have put you down for £7,000 - my party do not intend to join any other'. But his bid was too low and he had no stock to allocate. '" Morning Chronicle: 28 May 1808 6 Cope, S R The Goldsmids and the Development of the London Money Market during the Napoleonic Wars in

Economica 1942: pp 203-206 17 as note 6 above: pp 58 and 374 18 Dated 4 Oct 1810 19 Rose, George Observations respecting the Public Expenditure 1810: p 27 20 do: p 29 21 do: p 26 22 T: 14 May 1811 23 T: 13 June 1812

T: 10 June 1813 T: 12 Nov 1813 T: 14 June 1814

27 T: 15 June 1815 28 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG/10 29 as note 6 above: p 58 30 HC (both brothers) 51 Aspinall, A Letters of King George IV 1812-1830 3 vols 1938. Vol 3 includes Sir William Knighton's diary from which the quotation comes (pp 479-480). Knighton succeeded McMahon but was not an Angerstein client: he wrote further that he suspected that Mrs McMahon 'was presented with slices of loan from Angerstein and others at different times': this was of course true 32 DL Vol 3: p 40

238


33 Ziegler, Philip King William IV 1973: p 45 34 de Montet, Albert Dictionnaire Biographique des Genevois et des Vaudois 2 vols 1877: Vol 1 pp 100-101 55 Burke, Sir Bernard Dormant and Extinct Peerages 1883 rep 1969: John Thomson assumed the extra names by royal licence on 22 July 1814, some fifteen years after his father's death 36 HC ,7 Quoted in Imray, Jean The Roucherett Family Archives in The Lincolnshire Historian Vol 2 no 3 1955-56: p 19 letter dated 24 Feb 1814. The papers referred to are in the Suffolk County Record Office 38 Suffolk County Record Office HA 52/359/44 Ms letter to Angerstein from John Corfield 1807 39 do HA 53/359/46 Ms letter from Angerstein 3 Mar 1812 40 as note 38 above HA 53/359/48 Ms note by Henry Crokatt 8 Nov 1845 41 as note 39 above 42 as note 40 above 43 Quoted in Ehrman, John The Younger Pitt 3 vols 1969-96 Vol 1 pbk 1984: p 84 44 Butler, Iris The Eldest Brother 1973: p 383 4 Farmar, Hugh A Regency Elopement 1969: p 2 46 do: passim 47 Wilson, Harriette Memoirs 1825 rep 2 vols 1924 (Navarre Society). Vol 1: pp 106-110 48 Based on figures given by Tooke, William in View of the Russian Empire 1799 49 HC: Samuel and William (Astell) Thornton ?0 Fulford, Roger Glyn 's: 1753-1953 1953: pp 27-31 51 Wilson, Charles Anglo-Dutch Commerce and Finance in the Eighteenth Century 1941: pp 171-175

2 Hibbert, Christopher George IV Prince of Wales 1973: p 49, quoting Langdale, Hon Charles Memoirs of Mrs Fitzherbert 1856: p 134 53 Masson, Madeleine Lady Anne Barnard 1948: passim ^ as note 50 above: pp 31-32 and 234

Supple, Barry The Royal Exchange Assurance 1970: p 78 ;6 DNB ^7 DNB under Jackson, afterwards Duckett 58 Memorial, St Michael's Church, Bishop's Stortford 59 Quoted in Reed, A W ed Captain Cook in Australia: Extracts from Journals 1969: Journal 6 May 1770 60 HC 61 Collyer, James N and Pocock, John Innes An Historical Record of the Light Horse Volunteers of London and Westminster 1843: passim for this paragraph and the next, except where otherwise stated 62 T: 14 Mar 1795 63 Journals of the Hon William Hervey (Suffolk Green Books XIV) 1906: 10 Sept 1803 64 The Complete Peerage sub Eardley 65 DNB 66 W Vol 2: p 208 67 Ferguson, Niall The House of Rothschild: Money's Prophets 1798-1848 2000: p 59 68 do: p 85 69 do: ch 2 passim 70 do: ch 3 passim 71 do: p 99 72 Edwardes, Michael The Nabobs at Home 1991: passim 73 Hibbert, Christopher George IV Prince of Wales 1973: p 231 quoting Musgrave, Clifford The Royal Pavilion 1964 pp 140-142 74 FD Vol 12: 17 Dec 1812

CHAPTER TEN

1 Journals of the House of Commons Vol LXVI 1810-1811 Appendix 13 p 658 2 T: 24 and 31 Dec 1812 3 A similar pattern had been followed in 1811 with twin appeals for the Portuguese Nation, the Noblemen's fund being chaired by the Duke of York 4 T: 5 June 1812 5 T:23 Apr 1813

239


°T: 11 Jan 1812 7 Brown, Ford K Fathers of the Victorians 1961: pp 329-340 and 357. Brown lists charities and lists supporters but does not link the two. An example of Angerstein's private kindness is given in Markham, Sarah A Testimony of Her Times 1991 pp 71-72: Angerstein responded promptly to a request for the very valuable benefit of a nomination for a free place at Christ's Hospital, which as a Governor he had certain rights to provide. As it transpired, all Angerstein was able to offer was a free presentation, which meant not a free education but a presentation to a freeman's child, which the applicant was not; but by dint of some changing round between applicants the story had a happy ending 8 do: pp 89 and 237 9 do: pp 248-249 10 Farington Autograph Volumes FAR/2/117 (Royal Academy Library) 11 T: 10 May 1813 12 FD Vol 12: 25 June and 2 July 1813 13 FD Vol 12: 23 May 1813 14 FD Vol 13: 27 May 1814 15 T: 16 and 21 July 1813 16 T: 23 Oct 1813 1 Steele, Jess Turning the Tide The History of Everyday Deptford 1993: p 145 18 T: 6 July 1814 19 T: 15 July 1814 2 0 T:25 July 1814 21 FD Vol 13:22 July 1814 22 GM: June 1914; T: 22 June 1814 23 FD Vol 13:24 Apr 1814 24 Goldring, Douglas Regency PortJ-ait Painter 1951: p 256 25 do: p 332 26 W Vol l :pp 353-354 27 do: pp 357-358 quoting from Annals of the Fine Arts J8 Quoted in W Vol 2: p 272 letter dated 5 Dec 1823 29 Aspinall, A Letters of King George IV 1812-1832 3 vols 1938 Vol 3: p 485. In Novenber Lawrence asked John Angerstein for the loan 'of the original portrait as I am desirous of retouching the copy, after the long interval that has elapsed since it was painted ' (W Vol 2: p 265) ,0 Garlick, Kenneth Sir Thomas Lawrence 1989: p 137. An earlier, and somewhat different list of versions is given in Davies, Martin National Gallery Catalogues - The British School 2nd ed (revised) 1959: p 73. Some versions of the picture may have been the work of artists in Lawrence's 'circle', while others may simply be copies 31 Mould, Philip Sleepers: In Search of Old Masters 1995: pp 26-36, figs 4, 6 and 7 32 Edinburgh Review Vol XXIII 1814: p 288 33 W Vol 2: pp 268-280 j 4 Graves, Algernon A Centwy of Loan Exhibitions 3 vols 1913-15 rep 1970. John Angerstein may have disagreeed, since he lent a picture to the British Institution a year after his father's death; and he and his sons made numerous loans to a variety of exhibitions thereafter 15 LAV Vol 4: p 148 John Angerstein sought the return of two pictures 'that I believe to be at the Academy' 1 Mar 1823 36 JL Vol9:c 1 June 1816 37 W Vol 2: p 182 38 LAV Vol 3: p 335 1 Dec 1818 39 W Vol 2: p 127 40 LAV Vol 3: p 6 21 Jan 1819 41 W Vol 2: p 168 4 2 WVol2 :pp 171-172 43 W Vol 2: p 181 44 Garlick, Kenneth Lawrence's Portraits of the Locks, the Angersteins and the Boucheretts in 77?e Burlington Magazine December 1968: p 669 45 Maxwell, Sir Herbert ed The Creevey Papers 2 vols 1903 Vol 1: p 236 46 T: 13 July 1815 Although these figures were not announced until after the Waterloo subscription had been launched, Angerstein would have known the position beforehand 47 T: 29 June 1815

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48 T: 30 June 1815 49 Quoted in Highmore, A Philanthropic! Metropoli tana 1822: p 594. The book includes a summary of the work of the Committee 1815-1821 50 do: pp 594-595 The original is in Guildhall Library L64.9 367/4/ 51 Lloyd's Library: letter dated 23 July 1815 52 T: 12 July 1815 53 T: 13 July to 8 Sept 1815 passim 54 Lloyd's Library letter dated 8 Sept 1815 ;5 T: 23 and 30 Dec 1815 56 as note 36 above: p 602 57 do: pp 603-604 and 607 58 do: p 606 59 Hibbert, Christopher Wellington; a Personal History 1997: p 228 quoting Wellington Papers, Stratfield Saye 50 Nolte, Vincent Fifty Years in Both Hemispheres or Reminiscences of the Life of a Former Merchant (translated from the German) 1854 rep 1972: p 252 6 1BSH:p85 62 Burke, Sir Bernard Dormant and Extinct Peerages 1883 rep 1969: p 531. He assumed the extra surnames by royal licence on 22 July 1814 63 Pugh, L P From Farriery to Veterinary Medicine 1962: passim 64 HC ' DNB under Scrope, George Julius Poulett: he married the heiress of that family and took his wife's surname

66 above plus DNB Jones, George Matthew Travels in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia and Turkey... 2 vols 1827

68 do Vol 1: pp 250-251, 256-257 69 do Vol l:pp 294-295 70 FD Vol 12:31 May 1813 71 Bury, Lady Charlotte The Diary of a Lady-in-Waiting 2 vols 1908. Vol 2: p 153 letter from Mary Berry 2 June 1813 72 Bartenev, P Arkhiv Kniazia Vorontsova Vol XVII: letter dated 1 June 1813 73 London Gazette: 5-8 June 1813 74 GM: June 1813 7 5T:21 and 25 Aug 1813 76 Andrew, Donna T Philanthropy and Police 1969: p 214 77 Newdigate-Newdegate, Lady The Cheverels of Cheverel Manor 1898: p 102

8 This was a remarkable twist of fate since in 1799 the then Captain Martin had been one of the officers who insisted to Nelson that supplies for their ships had been bought economically, against the case made by Augusta's late brother Charles (N Vol 3: p 421) 79 JL Vol 9: c Nov 1815 s Quoted in Imray, Jean The Boucherett Family Archives in The Lincolnshire Historian Vol 2 no 3 1955-56: p 21. Farington heard of the accident and referred to it in his diary on 25 Sept 81 W Vol 1: p 340 letter to Miss Croft

S4

GM: 1815 JLVol9:c 1 June 1816 Norfolk Record Office HMN 4/78/22 Ms letter 17 Mar 1816

85 FD Vol 14: 16 July 1816 86 Leach, Terence R and Pacey, Robert Lost Lincolnshire Country Houses Vol 1 1990: pp 14-15 87 JL Vol 8: 9-20 Aug 1815 8 8 JLVol l l : c23Sept 1819 89 do 90 FD Vol 15: 9 Sept 1819 91 Healey, Edna Coutts & Co 1692-1992 The Portrait of a Private Bank 1992: p 235 92 as note 84 above HMN 4/7/31 Ms letter dated 28 Aug 1819 93 LAV Vol 3: p 66 14 Sept 1819 94 FD Vol 16: 22 Feb 1820 95 JL Vol 10: 2 Apr 1821 96 do 97 JL Vol 7: post 23 Sept 1813

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98 T: 12 Nov 1813 " F D Vol 13: 30 Apr 1814

00 FD Vol 13: 3 May 1814 01 The Journals of the Hon William Hervey (Suffolk Green Books XIV) 1906: Oct 1813 02 FD Vol 13: 27 May 1814 03 FD Vol 13: 26 Aug 1814 ,4 Kimbell, John An Account of the Legacies etc Appertaining to the Church and Poor of the Parish of St Alfege,

Greenwich 1816: pp 168, 270, 275-276 * Kno widen, Patricia Trustees of the New Cross Turnpike in Bromley Local History No 5 1980: p 44

06 Sharp, Richard Letters and Essays in Prose and Verse 1834: pp 200-202 0 7LN:p221

JL Vol 9: footnote to 13-14 Jun 1817 quoting information from the Register, Sandhurst 09 JL Vol 10: c 27 Feb 1819 10 FD Vol 14: 3 Sept 1816 11 as note 84 above HMN 4/78/28 Ms letter 14 Jan 1817 12 FD Vol 14: 2 Feb 1817

An Authentic Narrative of Mr Kemble 's Retirement from the Stage... 1817: p 47 14 as note 84 above HMN 4/78/29 Ms letter 22 Apr 1817 l' In a letter from Mr Derek Gladwin in the Greenwich Local History Library 16 as note 84 above HMN 4/78/30 Ms letter 2 Jan 1818 17 JL Vol l l : c 2 7 F e b 1819 18 LN: p 280 19 W Vol2:pp 156-157 20 FD Vol 15: 20 July 1819 21 LAV Vol 3: p 59 29 July 1819 22 W Vol 2: p 214 23 LAV Vol 3: p 6 21 Jan 1819 24 do: p 66 25 FD Vol 16: 4 June 1821

Loudon, J C Encyclopaedia of Gardening 1822. Extract kindly supplied by the Librarian, Royal Horticultural Society

27 Sweet, Robert Geraniaceae 1824: p 353 28 Ireland, W H Histoiy of the County of Kent 4 vols 1830: Vol 4 p 680 29 [Fry, Cyril and Bunston, John] John Julius Angerstein and Woodlands 1974: p 33. King George III is described as he royal visitor, but it seems certain that in 1818 it would have been the future King George IV, who had certainly

visited Woodlands before 30 Sale catalogues: 3 Apr 1821 and 5 following days; 4 May 1821 and 3 following days 31 Whitley, William T Art in England 2 vols 1928 and 1930 rep 1973 Vol 2: p 16 quoting Royal Academy Minutes 4

Dec 1821 '2 Written in 1789 and included in R I Woodhouse ed The Life and Poetical Works of James Woodhouse 2 vols 1896:

Vol2pp 163-177. '3 'He may make an excellent shoemaker, but can never make a good poet'. Croker, J W ed, BoswelTs Life of Johnson

1853:p219 34 as note 132 above: pp 173,176 35 JL Vol 10: 21 Oct - post 8 Nov 1821

Martin, A R St Mary's Church, Greenwich in Transactions of the Greenwich and Lewisham Antiquarian Society Vol 4 no l :pp 37-43

37 FD Vol 16:23 July 1821 38 FD Vol 16: 24 Aug 1821 '9 FD Vol 16: note written by Farington's niece Marianne Farington 40 JL Vol 11: 27-29 Jan 1824 4 1 LN:p312 42 Letter to her daughter Charlotte quoted in LN: p 358 43 LN: p 358 44 do: pp 348-351 4 5JLVol 11: 19 Jan 1823

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CHAPTER ELEVEN

1 LAV Vol 4: Wednesday morning [22 Jan 1823] The letter is unsigned but Emilia Boucherett seems certain to have been the author 2 GM: Apr 1823 3 The Annual Biography and Obituary for 1824: pp 275, 281, 296 and 298 4 Pratt, Samuel Jackson Gleanings in England...3rd ed 3 vols 1804 Vol 3: pp i-iv. The original advertisement by the Patriotic Fund is repeated on pp 668-671 5 'Percy, Sholto and Reuben' The Percy Anecdotes - Anecdotes of Commerce 1822: pp 176-177 6 Noble, Thomas Blackheath, a Didactic and Descriptive Poem 1808: pp 93-94 There can be no doubt as to the identity of either house or merchant, since the Argument refers to 'The prospect of the Woodlands, the seat of J J Angerstein, Esq. The description of a generous and philanthropic Merchant'. Angerstein was one of about a hundred subscribers to the book 7 Miller, William Biographical Sketches of Characters Recently Deceased...! vols 1826. Vol 2: p 1 8 Gower, Lord Ronald Sutherland Sir Thomas Lawrence 1900: p 41 'this great patron of the arts left half a million of money, together with estates in Naples and in other countries' 9 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG/12 10doF/ANG/35 11 Prob 11/1666/51 (copy in London Metropolitan Archives). The will is conveniently recited in an 1840 Act of Parliament 3 & 4 Vic c. 22 12 FD Vol 16: 25 July 1821 On 8 July Farington recorded that Angerstein had had 'conversation with Sir Thos respecting the disposing of his pictures'. 13 Quoted in Whitley, William T Art in England 2 vols 1928, 1930 rep 1973. Vol 2: p 68 letter dated 24 Nov 1823 14 Quoted in Jameson, Anna Companion to the Most Celebrated Private Galleries of Art in London 1844: p 4 15 Anon The Tryal of the Lady Allurea Luxury before the Lord Chief-Justice Upright... 1757: p 46 16 Desenfans, Noel A Plan, Preceded by a Short Review of the Fine Arts... 1799: pp 47-48. The relevant parts were reprinted in 1810 with an anonymous memoir of Desenfans, who had died in 1807 17 FD Vol 12: 16 Oct 1812 18 Quoted in Layard, G S Sir Thomas Lawrence's Letter-Bag 1906: p 172 19 Nothing is recorded about any sales of pictures from Woodlands at this time 20 LAV Vol 4: p 100 John Angerstein wrote to Lawrence saying that he had proposed this 'kind and beneficial' idea to the executors 21 LAV Vol 4: p 128 16 May 1823 22 Alexander, Boyd England's Wealthiest Son: a study of William Beckford 1962: pp 228, 293. Beckford also thought he had bought the Marriage a la Mode series and two other pictures: his price was to have been £16,000 for all nine as against a combined valuation of £12,500 eventually agreed with Lord Liverpool !3 Young, John A Catalogue of the Celebrated Collection of Pictures of the Late John Julius Angerstein, Esq July 1823 24 as note 7 above Vol 2: p 1 25 LAV Vol 4: p 100 dated to 7 Mar 1823 26 W Vol 2: p 271 27 Herrmann, Frank The English as Collectors 1972; p 82 '8 W Vol 2: p 271 It is a possibility that Lawrence knew that Angerstein had at one stage contemplated giving some of his pictures to the nation and had learnt from the latter's will that this was not to be. On 27lh January Lawrence wrote to the collector Samuel Woodburn 'I fear the Grand National Gallery must be seen at present through a very long vista of approach: nothing is said of it, and nothing was said of it from authority. It was, I believe, of mere newspaper origin'. (W Vol 2: p 288). His letter to John Angerstein was perhaps a last appeal to his late father's patriotism 29 Cunningham, Allan The Lives of the Most Eminent British Painters... 6 vols 1833. Vol 6: p 148 3 0 ' Hansard' Parliamentary Debates New Series Vol IX 1823: col 1122 20 June 1823 31 do: cols 1358-1360 '2 Quoted in Martin, Gregory The Founding of the National Gallery in London in Connoisseur 1974 Part 2: p 26 33 Whitley, William T Art in England 2 vols 1928, 1930 repr 1973. Vol 2: p 72 34 do: pp 65-66 35 as note 29 above: Vol 6 pp 148-149 '6 as note 33 above: Vol 2 pp 66-67 37 as note 33 above: Vol 2 p 67

as note 33 above: Vol 2 p

243


j 9 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG 32 40 W Vol 2: pp 272-273 letter dated 5 Dec 1823 41 Copy, Lloyd's Library

2 T: 17 Oct 1823 reported that arrangements were believed to have been completed for the repayment; and on 15 Dec 1823 the same paper said that it was believed that the loan would be issued in January 1824 4 'Hansard' Parliamentary Debates New Series Vol IX: 23 Feb 1824 44 Hardcastle, Ephraim Somerset House Gazette 2 vols 1824: 24 Jan 1824 ^ Treasury Minute: 23 Mar 1824; quoted in full in Westmacott, C M British Galleries of Painting and Sculpture: A

Critical and Descriptive Catalogue of Pictures of the Late John Julius Anger stein, Esq Since Purchased by the British Nation 1824: pp 75-76; W Vol 2: pp 329-330 46 as note 43 above: 2 Apr 1824 47 T: 11 May 1824 48 as note 32 above 1974 Part 3: p 124 49 as note 44: 12 June 1824 50 Col vin, H M ed The History of the King's Works Vol 6 1973: pp 461-462 ? ' [Byrne, Julia Clare] Gossip of the Century 2 vols 1892. Vol 2 pp 501-502 52 Waagen, Gustav Works of Art and Artists in England 3 vols 1838 rep 1970: p 185 ' Victoria and Albert Museum

54 Whitley, William T Art in England 2 vols 1928 and 1930 repr 1973: Vol 2 p 269 55 do: p 345

6 Lucas, E V The British School 1913: Introduction p xii 57 JL Vol 12: 4 and 17 June 1825 58 Morning Post: 6 and 20 June 1825 59 London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG/225 (valuation); Lincolnshire Archives Misc Don 659 (plan); White, William History and Directory of.. County of Lincoln 1856 rep 1969: p 479 60 do (White): p 490 61 Jackson, Gordon Grimsby and the Haven Company 1971; London Metropolitan Archives F/ANG/225 62 Chadwick, Rev Howard History of Dunham-on-Trent 1924: passim; the Act was 11 Geo IV c. 66 63 Rolland, H V Planches de VArmorial General de J - B Rietstap 6 vols in 3 1938: Vol 1 plate LI. Angerstein Lane is in Blackheath and Angerstein Close is in Weeting; whilst Lock Chase (named after George Lock) is in Lee 64 Information for this and the preceding paragraph kindly supplied by Mr Thomas Woodcock, Somerset Herald, The College of Arms 1993. Patent of Arms: Grants Volume 36,243 " Garlick, Kenneth Lawrence's Portraits of the Locks, the Angersteins and the Boucheretts in The Burlington

Magazine December 1968: p 673 56 do: p 27. In September 1827 Lawrence wrote to tell Emilia Boucherett that the portrait 'will be my greatest beauty, and best picture, of my next exhibition' (W Vol 2: p 468) 67 W Vol 2: p 521 68 Rhind, Neil Blackheath Village & Environs 1790-1970 2 vols 1976 rev 1993 and 1983. Vol 2: p 350-351 69 14 Vice. 19 70 as note 68 above: pp 351-352 71 Essex Record Office D/D Ar C3/2. In April 1825 Julius wrote to a friend (Rev Joseph Arkwright) '...I find myself posted to my old bataillon and am therefore condemned to go to Ireland...'

2 Memorials of Brooks's 1907: p 106 73 Hamilton, Jill Marengo: the Myth of Napoleon's Horse 2000: pp 3,198

Information kindly supplied by Mr Clifford Manning, Ely: Evans, Ely Papers 'W F G Farmer' Cambridgeshire County Record Office " as note 73 above: p 214

as note 74 above. Cambridgeshire Times: 31 March 1911 77 VCH Hertfordshire 78 Sporting Magazine: May 1830 79 The Steeple Chase Calendar: 1845 80 Gunn, J A W and others eds Benjamin Disraeli Letters 1982-: Vol 1 p 214 Letter 126 8' Bradford, Sarah Disraeli: p 49

as note 22 above: editorial comment pp 290-291 to Letter 203 ' Hamilton, Lt Gen Sir F W History of the Grenadier Guards 3 vols plus supp 1874, 1877 4 Bernau Index in the Library of the Society of Genealogists for this will and those of other family members below

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Lincolnshire Archives Misc Dep 265/4 Diaries of Fanny Rainey Fieldsend do

S:v According to the report of In re Angerstein. Angerstein v Angerstein heard in the Chancery Division [1895 A 791], in 1852 John Angerstein executed three settlements of the freehold estates devised by the will [of his father], which thereby became vested in William Angerstein for life, with remainder to W J Nettleship Angerstein, his eldest son.

8 6LN:p358 87 The Law Times Vol VIII NS: p 223 2 May 1863 88 JL Vol 12: 4 May 1836 89 JL Vol 12: drafted pre 29 Sept 1823 90 She shares a memorial in North Willingham Church with her husband Ayscoghe and their grandson, also Ayscoghe, who died in 1832 at the age of 15. 91 Suffolk County Record Office HA 53/359/48 92 do 93 Luke, Rev F V History ofWeeting 1852 with later additions (unpublished - Norfolk Record Office): passim 94 Luke, Rev F V Sermon Preached in the Parish Church ofWeeting, Norfolk on Sunday the 9" of April 1858, being the Sunday after the Funeral of Mrs Angerstein ofWeeting Hall 1848: p 15 95 George West Poems: pp 6-13. Included also are Written on the death of John Angerstein, Esq (pp 52-53), an acrostic Miss Rowley, Weeting Hall, Norfolk (pp 74-75) and Thoughts on the Funeral of the late J J Angerstein, Esq (ppl 12-113) which appears from its text to be about John Angerstein and not his father. 96 do pp 9-10 97 as note 93 above 98

99 100 T: 10 Aug 1931; Who was Who Vol 3: 1929-40 101 According to Bateman, John The Great Landowners of Great Britain and Ireland 4th ed 1883 rep 1971 he owned 11,669 acres in Lincolnshire, 7,235 acres in Norfolk and 827 acres in Suffolk, producing a combined income of some £17,500 per annum. Excluded from the analysis was a 'large property in the Metropolitan area'. All or most of the Brandon Hall Estate in Suffolk, which amounted to 3,400 acres when sold in 1897, was also excluded, perhaps because it was then within William Angerstein's eldest son's marriage settlement 102 Norfolk News: 3 Feb 1950 103 as note 85 above 104 Family information used in Cox, Peter The Angerstein Family in New Zealand privately printed 1991 105 do 106 Thus in Lincolnshire Archives Misc Don 155/1/18 a note shows William Angerstein having borrowings totalling £39,000 on the estates in the Owersby area; and Misc Don 155/2/12 shows that over £44,000 was outstanding on the Walesby estate in 1893 107 As note 102 above 108 The catalogue of the Brandon Hall Estate sale on 6 July 1897 (Copy in Suffolk County Record Office) shows that the total area offered for auction was over 3,400 acres (cf note 99 above) 109 Norwich Union Life Insurance Society Board Minutes passim. Material kindly extracted by Sheree J Leeds, Museum Curator and Archivist plus additional original documents 110 M:p 146 111 Lloyd's List and Shipping Gazette 9 May 1922: pp 11-12 112 Gibb, D E W Lloyd's of London 1957: p 364 113 The Picture of London 1823: p 108 1,4 do: p 285 115 do: p 297. An earlier popular guidebook Wakefield, Priscilla Perambulations in London 1809 makes no mention of Angerstein's Pall Mall pictures but comments on Woodlands that 'the lover of the fine arts is well amused with the choice pictures that adorn the house'. This could mean that public access was sometimes given here as well as to the collection in Pall Mall. 116 Oxford English Dictionary: Al

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