VOLCANOESBy : Charlotte Adams :]

WHAT IS A VOLCANO?

A volcano is mountain with an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface.

WHERE ARE VOLCANOES FORMED?

Volcanoes are usually formed on tectonic plate boundaries where the plates have converged.

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

These are one of the simplest types volcanoes.

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES.

Also called Stratovolcanoes. Form mountains

SHIELD VOLCANOES

Composed mostly of fluid lava.

THE EVOLUTION OF THE VOLCANO.

A – magma and lava. B – the cone is built. C – erosion starts to

destroy the cone. D - continued erosion

removes the cone.

TOP 10 LARGEST VOLCANOES IN THE WORLD. 1. Mount Mazama/Crater Lake, Oregon 2. Mount Etna, Sicily 3. Mount Vesuvius, Italy 4. Mount Tambora, Indonesia 5. Mount Krakatau, Indonesia 6. Mount Pelee, Martinique 7. Parícutin, Mexico 8. Mount St. Helens, Washington 9. Nevada del Ruiz, Colombia 10. Mount Pinatubo, Philippines

ACTIVE VOLCANOES IN THE UNITED STATES.

UNDERWATER VOLCANOES

They estimate that in total there could be about 3 million submarine volcanoes.

Researchers have counted 201,055 underwater cones.

FACTS ABOUT VOLCANOES.

More than 80% of the Earth’s surface is volcanic in origin.

There are about 1,500 active volcanoes in the world that have erupted in the past 10,000 years.

FACTS CONTINUED…

Jupiter’s moons are the most volcanic places in the solar system.

More than half of the world’s active volcanoes above sea level encircle the Pacific Ocean to form the “Ring of Fire”.

The rock debris carried by the blast of Mount St. Helen’s eruption traveled as fast as 250 miles per hour!

SIGNALS TO PREDICT AN ERUPTION

Increasing temperature of hot springs near the volcano.

Changes in the shape of the volcano and the surrounding land.

Increase of hot gases and ash from the vents

Small earthquakes around the volcano.