vacuoles and lysosomes
TRANSCRIPT
Vacuoles & vesicles• Function• moving material
around cell• storage
• Structure• membrane sac
small foodparticle
vesicle
vacuole filled w/ digestive enzymes
vesicle filled w/ digested nutrients
• Plant cells contain a large central vacuole• The vacuole is
bordered by a membrane called the tonoplast• The vacuole contains
cell sap. This is a solution of mineral salts, sugars, oxygen , carbon dioxide, pigments and enzymes• Vacuoles help to
regulate the flow of water by osmosis into and out of the cell
NucleusNucleusFree ribosomesFree ribosomes
Rough endoplasmic reticulumRough endoplasmic reticulum
MitochondrionMitochondrion
Golgi bodyGolgi body
Large centralvacuoleLarge centralvacuole
TonoplastTonoplastPlant Cell Vacuoles
Food & water storage
plant cells
contractilevacuole
animal cells
central vacuole
food vacuole
Lysosomes• Function • little “stomach” of the cell• digests macromolecules
• “clean up crew” of the cell• cleans up broken down
organelles
• Structure• vesicles of digestive
enzymesonly in animal cells
synthesized by rER, transferred to Golgi
Where old organellesgo to die!
Lysosomes
white blood cells attack & destroy invaders = digest them in lysosomes
1974 Nobel prize: Christian de DuveLysosomes discovery in 1960s
1960 | 1974
Cellular digestion• Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles•polymers
digested into monomers • pass to cytosol
to become nutrients of cell vacuole
lyso– = breaking things apart –some = body
But sometimes cells need to die…
• Lysosomes can be used to kill cells when they are supposed to be destroyed• some cells have to die for proper
development in an organism• apoptosis • “auto-destruct” process • lysosomes break open & kill cell• ex: tadpole tail gets re-absorbed
when it turns into a frog• ex: loss of webbing between your
fingers during fetal development
Fetal development
15 weeks
6 weeks
syndactyly