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VarunyantratotapSkywater:ABhagirath effort

VarunyantraUsersFirstConference

July14,2010Pune

By

DrShreehari(Raja)Marathe

Rashtrasanta Tukdoji Maharaj Swayampurnata Kendra

AtPostSujlegaon,TalukaNaigaon,DistrictNanded

Email:drmarathe@gmail.com,(M)9970435740http://www.varunyantra.org

mailto:drmarathe@yahoo.comhttp://www.varunyantra.org/http://www.varunyantra.org/mailto:drmarathe@yahoo.com

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WhatisSkywater?

Atmosphericevaporationandprecipitation

Oceans 87% 80%

Landareas. 13% 20%

Thisdifferencebetweentheimportsandexportsofmoisturebylandamountingto44,800km3peryear isbymeansofthetransferof

atmospheric

moisture

from

the

oceans

to

the

land.

Thisuniquenaturalprocessincreasestheavailabilityofwateronland.

As44,800Km3ofwatercirculatesannuallyroundthehydrologicalcycle,itcanprovidealmosthundredtimesourpresentrateofsupply.

Skywater isthewaterinformofwatervaporanddropletsfloatingintheatmosphereinformofclouds

Althoughthereisenoughwaterintheworld,itisrarelyintherightplaceattherighttimeintherightquantityandquality.

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Skywatertapping Aneedofthehour

WaterScarcity ANationalCrisis

India

Monsoon

Based

Economy VagariesofMonsoon AnnualFeature

SeveredroughtsinlargebutdifferentpartsofIndiaa

RecurringAnnualFeature

Conventionalthinkingaboutwaterresources

Groundwater Dams,bundsetc

Underground

water

Wells,

tubewells

etc Enlightenedscientists,bureaucrats,industrialistsand

statesmeninabout50countriesarefrequentlyusingcloud

seedingoperationsforover40years

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Tappingskywater

Apersonalexperience

PartnershipFarmingProjectinvillageSujlegaon,Nanded

Norainsuntil10th August2009

DiscoveredartificialrainmakingsolutionthroughInternetandProfShivajiRaoandhisbookCloudseedingforIndia.

NecessityistheMotherofInvention

InspirationfromJamesP.Espysuggestionin1839toburnlargeblocksofwood

Indesperation,madeabonfireon19th August2009inSujlegaonandvaporizedsaltbysprinkledsaltonflames.

Anditrainedfor2hoursandsavedthecrops

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Somemoreexperimentalresults!

Successionofresultson19th,20th,21st August2009inSujlegaon,NavandiandRudrur(Nizamabad)onfirewood

FirstLavanVajraonburningtireinSujlegaononAugust24,2009inmorning,noon,evening

Excellentweatherconditions

Overcastsky

Darklowlying clouds

Verylittlewind Highhumidity

Gave5~10mmofheavyrain

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BirthofVarunYantra

YantrainSanskritmeansmachine,VarunwasthenameofRigvedicgodofrain

VarunYantraistheprocessofthevaporizationofcommonsaltonanykindoffire

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TheEarthsHeating

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WarmandColdClouds

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Watervapor+DustParticle (

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CoalescenceandCollision

1. Someliquidclouddropsarebiggerthanothers,hence,theywillfallatafasterrate.

2. Thisdifferentialrateofdescentresultsincollisionsbetweenliquidclouddrops.

3. Ifconditionsarefavorable(electricalfactors),thetwodropswillsticktogether("coalesce")andanew,biggerdropresults.

4. Collisionscontinue.Ifthedropbecomesbigenough,itfallsoutofthecloudasrain.

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0

6000ft

6500

20000 ft

Above

20000 ft

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CloudSeedingAwaytotapSkywater

Cloudseedingaidsnaturalprocessesofrainformationandactsasacatalyst

Byaddingcloudcondensationnucleitoclouds

HygroscopicsaltssuchasMg/Ca/NaChlorideworkforwarmcloudsandAgIforcoldclouds

Conventionallydonewithdeliverybymeansofspeciallyequippedaircraft

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NatureprovideCloudCondensationNucleibyvaporizedSalt(fromthesea),Particlesfromdeadmatterfromtrees,or

agriculturalwaste,deadinsectsthathavesalt Extensivedeforestationinruralareas.

Sujlegaonhas410households,eachneedingabout8

quintalsoffirewood,equivalentof2treesperyeari.e.about810treesayear,inthepast10years8,000treesfelled+say2000forconsumptionmakesit10,000treesinonevillagein10years

Naigaontahsilof500sqkmhas100villagesmakingit10laktreesin10years

Resultinginlowhumidity,lesssupplyofCCN

Whyiscloudseedingrequiredatall?

One:ExtensiveDeforestation

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10yearsbackSujlegaonhadnovehiclesexcept2tractors.

Nowthereare8jeeps,9threewheelers,7tractors+

harvestorsandbulldozersarefrequentlyused

Fragmentationofwaterdroplets

Increase

in

ground

temperature

thus

pushing

clouds

up

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Whyiscloudseedingrequiredatall?

Two:Pollution

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VillageSujlegaonhas1000acresofSoyabeancultivationin

2009kharifseas,letustakealowyieldof6quintalsperacre

andapriceofRs2500perquintal.Thisimplies1,000x6x

2,500=15,000,000i.e.apotentiallossofRs1.5crores

TalukaNaigaonhas100villages.ThusNaigaonTalukahasa

potentiallossof150croresofSoyabeanproductioninthis

season

Nandedhas16tahsilssowearetalkingaboutalossofRs

1500croresinSoyabean.

CostofNOTtimelytappingskywater

AgricultureLossAnalysis

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ActivitiesinChinaIn2005

1,952countiesof31provincescarryingoutprecipitationenhancementandhailsuppressionbyusingartilleriesandrocketlaunchersonGround

21provincescarryingoutprecipitationenhancementbyusing37airplanesequippedwithAgI,dryiceorliquidnitrogengeneratorsandPMSprobes

Over37,210fulltimeandparttimepeople

NewgenerationDopplerweatherradar158radars

996,720artilleryshells,84,416rockets

676KgAgI(silveriodide),9,760litresliquidnitrogen,11,820KgliquidCO2(carbondioxide)

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Chinesetechnologiesforcloudseeding

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VarunyantraGevelopment

Anindividualeffort Usingbiobriquettes(carbonneutral,nonpolluting)

Varunyantraheatproduction 2800kwh ~10,000KJ,

VaporisingPotential10Kgofsalt,

Generateslocalthermals

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VarunyantraModels

AirSupplyUnitandMobiledesign

AirSupplyUnit:10assortedpiecesof1GIthreaded

pipes.(4

way

etc).

The

GI

pieces

are

drilled

tohaveholesthatsupplyturbulentairtothebio

masses. Thiswillbeconnectedtoablower.Thisis

commontoallmodels. Mobile: AmobileVarunyantracanbebuiltbymeans

ofadiscarded200Ldrum(2dia,3height),about

40feeteachof6mmand10mmgajali foragrilland

support.ThetotalcostofthiswillbeunderRs3,000

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VarunyantraModels

Fixed,Portable Fixed:AfixedVarunyantracanbebuiltbybuildinga

4

x

4

x

4

brick

structure

with

a

wall

thickness

of

4

inches.Thebrickstructurehasventilationholes,a

grillkeptat9abovethebase.Thiswillrequireabout

400bricks,1bagofcementandcoupleofbagsofsand.

Portable: Aportablehexagonalstructureinakit

formcanbebuiltusingtwo1mmx8x4MSsheets

thatcanbecutinto8piecesof2x4.Thepieceswill

bedrilled,bentandcanbenutboltedtoslotted

anglesonlocation.July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 21

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Varunyantra

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VarunyantraPhysicalChemistry

BiomassburningbyproductsareCo2andH2O

Internaltemperaturesachieved 1200centigrade,Instantaneoustemperaturemuchhigher

Saltmeltingpoint 804centigrade,Saltboilingpoint

1413centigrade

Fourpossibleprocesses

Vaporisation

of

saltEvaporationofSalineWater(Na+,Cl ions)

Nanoscale,picodurationplasma

Cavitationlikeburstingofbubblesandsaltparticlespluttering

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BoundaryLayerasaCarrier

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Creatingthermalsandridingonthem

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UsingVarunyantra

Whenandwhere?When

ThereshouldbeGooddarkcloudcover(6~8octa).Relative

humidity>50%.Verylittlewind,Goodtimeoneandhalf

houraftersunrise, oneandhalfhourbeforesunset,onehour

afternoonsun.Atnightonlyifthecloudcoverisgoodand

low

lying

and

if

there

is

no

wind. Where

Pickaspotwherethereisnotmuchwind.Itshouldnotbeset

up

on

hill

tops

(with

the

mistaken

belief

that

it

will

near

the

clouds!)butatthebaseofhillswhereupcurrentscancarry

saltvapoursupwardsandnotsideways.Goodchoicescould

nearwaterbodies,wells.Itshouldbelocatedwherethe

smokeandheatwillnothurtpeopleordiscolorwallswith

soot.July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 26

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UsingVarunyantra

Howandresults?How

Startwith10kgofbiomass(wood,coal,biobriquettes).Put

litreofkeroseneordiesel.Setfire.Whenflamesaregood,startBlower.Add90kgofbiomassslowly.Startsprinkling

(ordinaryorpowder)saltorspraysalinewater.Totalsalt

weight

about

1o

kg

of

salt

per

quintal

of

biomass.

The

process

shouldtakeaboutonetotwohours.Thetypicalcostper

applicationwouldbeRs500.

Results?

Rainsaccompaniedbythundershowersexpectedbetween2to72hours.GuessProbabilitybetween 50%to75%.

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AThankYouNote

Prof.TShivajiRao,ForemostEnvironmentalistandDirector,EnvironmentalStudies,GitamUniversity,Vishakhapatanam

ProfMukunda,CGPL,IndianInstituteofScience,Banglore

MsRohiniNilekani,Chairman,Arghyam

Dr.

Shrikar

Pardeshi,

Collector,

Nanded ManyIITBalumnifriends,Pune

Severalwellwisherfriendsandtelephonicadvisers

SujlegaonPartnershipFarmersandcountlessvolunteers

SatyasankalpanchavaliishwarasatoJuly 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 28

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Refusal

of

cloud

seeding

operations

means

promotingwaterandfoodscarcity,diseases,

poverty,unemploymentandblocking

economicprosperityofanation.

anenvironmentalistviewofProfTShivajiRaoFromhisbook

CloudseedingforIndia(aneffectiveweapontofightthedraughts)

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