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®

Study Guide

®

Study Guide

Robert Schmidt

Dane Charlton

Senior Acquisitions Editor: Kenyon BrownDevelopment Editor: Candace English Technical Editors: Eric Biller and Brian AtkinsonProduction Editor: Christine O’ConnorCopy Editor: Sharon WilkeyEditorial Manager: Mary Beth WakefieldProduction Manager: Kathleen Wisor Associate Publisher: Jim MinatelMedia Supervising Producer: Richard GravesBook Designers: Judy Fung and Bill GibsonProofreader: Rebecca RiderIndexer: Nancy GuentherProject Coordinator, Cover: Brent SavageCover Designer: Wiley

Copyright © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

ISBN: 978-1-118-91966-8 ISBN: 978-1-118-91967-5 (ebk.)ISBN: 978-1-118-91968-2 (ebk.)

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TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of JohnWiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used withoutwritten permission. VMware is a registered trademark of VMware, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in thisbook.

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Robert would like to dedicate this book to his wife and three daughters for

putting up with him while he was locked in the basement writing it.

Dane would like to dedicate this book to his loving wife and best friend and

to thank her for being there for him.

AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to acknowledge all of the people at Sybex whose hard work has made this book possible. We would especially like to thank them for their patience withus as we worked through the process of getting a book completed. Our special thanks go out to our acquisitions editor, Kenyon Brown, for bringing us into the project and to ourproduction editor Christine O’Connor and developmental editor Candace Cunningham for keeping us on track and focused on moving forward. We would also like to thank our copyeditor, Sharon Wilkey, and our proofreader, Rebecca Rider, for all of the work they have done on this book.

We would also like to thank our coworker and friend Eric Biller for joining the project as our technical editor. His suggestions have helped to keep the text as accurate as possible and have kept us from making a number of obvious and some not so obvious mistakes.

I, Rob Schmidt, would also like to personally thank my coauthor, Dane Charlton,for agreeing to write this book with me and for being one of the fi rst people who got me interested in VMware and their products. By encouraging me to pursue VMware manyyears ago, he has had a major impact, for the better, on my career and in my life.

About the Authors

Robert Schmidt holds the following certifi cations: Microsoft Certifi ed Systems Engineer (MCSE), CompTIA Linux+, Novell Certifi ed Network Administrator (CNA), VMware Certifi ed Administrator (VCA), and VMware Certifi ed Professional (VCP 2.5, 3, 4, 5). In the past, he has held the Certifi ed Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) and the Cisco Certifi ed Network Administrator (CCNA) certifi cations.

Robert has over 20 years of experience working with information technology and has spent the last 10 years specializing in virtualization. He has been heavily involved in severallarge virtualization initiatives and continues to work in the Cleveland, Ohio area. He has been married for 19 years and has three daughters.

Dane Charlton holds the following certifi cations: VMware Certifi ed Professional (VCP 2.5, 3, 4, 5), Microsoft Certifi ed IT Professional (Enterprise Messaging), and Microsoft Certifi ed Technology Specialist (Exchange). In the past, he has held theMicrosoft Certifi ed Systems Engineer (MCSE), Certifi ed Novell Engineer (CNE 2, 3, 4),and Bay Networks Certifi cation.

Dane has over 25 years of experience working with information technology for small and large companies. For the last 15 years, he’s been supporting virtualization efforts along with large messaging environments in Akron, Ohio. Dane has been married for 15 yearsand has three children and eight grandchildren.

Contents at a GlanceIntroduction xv

Assessment Test xxi

Chapter 1 Intro to Virtualization 1

Chapter 2 VMware Solutions 21

Chapter 3 vSphere Core Components 43

Chapter 4 Storage in a VMware Environment  71

Chapter 5 Networking in a VMware Environment  91

Chapter 6 Business Challenges Meet VMware Solutions 119

Appendices 145

Appendix A Answers to Review Questions 147

Appendix B Online Resources 159

Index 165

ContentsIntroduction xv

Assessment Test xxi

Chapter 1 Intro to Virtualization 1

What Is Data Center Virtualization? 2Virtualization Then and Now 3Physical and Virtual Data Center Components 4

Physical Data Center Components 4Virtual Data Center Components 5Physical and Virtual Component Differences 7

Benefits of Using Virtualization 9Online Tools 13Summary 14Exam Essentials 15Review Questions 16

Chapter 2 VMware Solutions 21

Availability Challenges 22VMware Availability Products and Technologies 23

Management Challenges 27VMware Management Products and Technologies 27

Scalability Challenges 28VMware Scalability Products and Technologies 29

Optimization Challenges 31VMware Optimization Products and Technologies 32

Summary 36Exam Essentials 37Review Questions 39

Chapter 3 vSphere Core Components 43

Virtual Machines 44What Is a Virtual Machine, Anyway? 44What Can You Do with Virtual Machines? 45

ESXi Hypervisor 47vCenter Server 47

vMotion 48Distributed Resource Scheduler 49Distributed Power Management 49Storage vMotion 50Storage DRS 50

xii Contents

vSphere Data Protection 51High‐Availability Configuration 51Fault Tolerance 52vSphere Replication 52

Migration 53High Availability 54

Host HA 55Virtual Machine HA 56Applications HA 57Fault Tolerance 57

Clusters and Resource Pools 58Clusters 58Resource Pools 59

Other VMware Data Center Products 61vCenter Operations Manager 61vSphere Data Protection 62NSX 62Virtual SAN 62vCenter Site Recovery Manager 62

Summary 63Exam Essentials 64Review Questions 65

Chapter 4 Storage in a VMware Environment  71

Physical vs. Virtual Storage 72What Is Shared Storage? 73

VMware Storage Types 75Local Storage 75Fibre Channel 76iSCSI 77Network File System 77

Virtual Machine File System 78The VMFS vs. the NFS 78

Disk Provisioning 78Thick Provisioning 79Thin Provisioning 80

VMware Virtual Storage Technologies 82Summary 83Exam Essentials 84Review Questions 86

Chapter 5 Networking in a VMware Environment  91

Differentiate Physical and Virtual Networking 92Physical Switches 92

Contents xiii

Virtual Switches 94Differences Between Physical and Virtual Switches 97

Differentiate VMware Virtual Switch Technologies 97Standard Virtual Switches 98Distributed Virtual Switches 98

Identify VMware Virtual Switch Components 101Standard Virtual Switch 101Distributed Virtual Switch 102

Identify Common Virtual Switch Policies 103Port Group Policies 103Distributed Virtual Switch Policies 106

Identify Capabilities of Network I/O Control 108Summary 113Exam Essentials 113Review Questions 115

Chapter 6 Business Challenges Meet VMware Solutions 119

Availability Challenges and Solutions 120vMotion 121Storage vMotion 121Virtual Machine Snapshots 122High Availability 123Fault Tolerance 123vSphere Replication 124vSphere Data Protection 124Site Recovery Manager 125

Management Challenges and Solutions 126Virtual Machines/Physical‐to‐Virtual Conversions 126vCenter Server 126vCenter Configuration Manager 127

Optimization Challenges and Solutions 128vCenter Operations Manager 128Thin Provisioning 129Distributed Switches with QoS 130Distributed Power Management 130Storage I/O Control 131vFlash 131VM Storage Profiles 131Memory Ballooning 132Transparent Page Sharing 132

Scalability Challenges and Solutions 133Virtual Machines 133Virtual Machine Templates 134Distributed Resource Scheduler 135