ventilation of deep ocean basins final of deep ocean... · 2013-05-17 · ventilation of deep ocean...
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Abyssal Circulation andVentilation of Deep Ocean Basins
Roger LukasKlaus Wyrtki SymposiumKlaus Wyrtki Symposium
April 9, 2013
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Upper 1000 m of the Pacific Ocean
Cold water sphere and Warm Water sphere
Sections from J. Reid along ~160W
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My Discovery of the DeepMy Discovery of the Deep
• Like Klaus I found the slow abyssalLike Klaus, I found the slow abyssal circulations to be less interesting than the monsoons and El Niñomonsoons and El Niño
• Serendipity and the HOT project changed thatthat
• Klaus and the Conveyor Belt
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Indonesian Seas
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Solomon and Coral Seas ‐ 1961Solomon and Coral Seas 1961
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2TKTw
2z
Kz
w T
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The Red Sea ‐ 1974The Red Sea 1974
see also Patzert (1974, Ph.D.)
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Wyrtki (1994, unpublished)Wyrtki (1994, unpublished)
annotations/updates by RL
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Kauai Deep and Station ALOHAKauai Deep and Station ALOHA
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Cold overflow eventsCold overflow events
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Cold overflow eventsCold overflow events
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Advection ‐ DiffusionAdvection Diffusion
• Classic assumption of steady stateC ass c assu pt o o steady state• Estimates of w given assumptions• Assumptions about constant eddy diffusivityAssumptions about constant eddy diffusivity
zTK
zzTw
tT
T
• No time‐series to do better• HOT provided the opportunity to do better
HOT provided the opportunity to do better• With a simple time‐dependent model, estimates of KT(z,t) were possibleof KT(z,t) were possible
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Klaus’ workKlaus work
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Enhanced vertical mixingEnhanced vertical mixing
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ALOHA CabledALOHA Cabled Observatory
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The ALOHA Cabled Observatory
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The ALOHA Cabled Observatory
A deep basin internal seiche!
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but, I beg to disagreebut, I beg to disagree
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Equatorial Theoretical Panel, 1983? @Nova U.@ Nova U.
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SummarySummary
• Klaus delighted in discovery –g y• “If you look closer, you will always find something.”
• So, I was wrong – the abyss is interesting:highly episodic– highly episodic
– turbulent kinetic energy greatly enhanced during overflows
– very dynamic• ACO – monitoring the abyss!
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Penang, Malaysia/IOC/WESTPAC 1991
photo by W. Patzert