VerbsVerbs

L/O:L/O:• to revise/learn the function and effects of verbsto revise/learn the function and effects of verbs

Quick revision:Quick revision:

What is a modifier?What is a modifier?

What kind of modifiers are there?What kind of modifiers are there?

How many kinds of adjectives are there?How many kinds of adjectives are there?

FACT: in verb phrases (a phrase all about an action), the FACT: in verb phrases (a phrase all about an action), the main verb is called themain verb is called the main verbmain verb

Verbs change according to the person doing it:1st = I play (single) / We play (plural)2nd = You play (single) / You play (plural)3rd = She/He/It plays (single) / They play (plural)

Verbs tell you when something happens:Present tense = uses the base formPast tense = normally uses the ‘ed’ inflection unless irregularFuture tense = add modal ‘will’ or time/date to a present verb

Where are the verbs and what tense are they written in:Aiden went to see his friend Sally, but she was not in.

Verbs = words used to describe processesVerbs = words used to describe processesInfinitive = the base form of the verb and usually follows ‘to’ (to Infinitive = the base form of the verb and usually follows ‘to’ (to laugh)laugh)

Verbs can have an active and passive voice:

Active voice = when the subject is the focus and performs the action being described by the verb:- Sarah kicked the ball.

(Sarah [subject] acts directly on the object [the ball])

Passive voice = less direct and focuses on the object. The order changes so the object comes first. Passive voice makes sentences seem more formal.- The ball was kicked by Sarah.

Re-write the sentence in the active voice:The glass was dropped by the waitress.

Verbs can have an progressive or prefect aspect:

Progressive aspect = actions that don’t have a definite end.- made by using ‘be’ + present base verb + ing- They are doing well.

Perfect Aspect = actions that have a definite end.- made by using ‘have’ + past tense of verb- They have bought a car- I had missed it (past perfect)

Progress or perfect?I am running late, so am not sure when I’ll get there.I have done my homework.

Meaning in a sentence can be affected byMeaning in a sentence can be affected by auxiliary verbs auxiliary verbs

= verbs that go before the main verb in a sentence and give extra information about the main verb and can affect the meaning of the sentence.

Primary auxiliary• There are three: do, have, be

– I do like you– I am leaving tomorrow– I have eaten there

• Primary auxiliary verbs can also be the main verb:– I have a surprise for you

Modal auxiliary• There are nine and they can only occur in reference to a main

verb: can, could, will, would, must, may, might, shall, should– I can play the piano– I must leave soon

Activity – modal verbsActivity – modal verbs1. Complete activities 1 and 2HW: Collect examples of further texts in which you

would expect to find modal verbs to be used quite extensively. Eg:

• Horoscopes• Weather forecasts• Problem pages• School notices• Recipes• Legal textsWhy are modal verbs concentrated in some texts but

not others?