verdugo fire academy verdugo fire academy academy firefighter rehabilitation robert sepulveda, vfa...

VERDUGO FIRE ACADEMYVERDUGO FIRE ACADEMY

VERDUGOVERDUGO FIREFIRE ACADEMYACADEMY

VERDUGOVERDUGO FIREFIRE ACADEMYACADEMY

FIREFIGHTER REHABILITATION

Robert Sepulveda, VFA Instructor

FIREFIGHTER REHABILITATION

Robert Sepulveda, VFA Instructor

http://flickr.com/photos/gavatron/321546190/


ObjectivesObjectives

Define emergency incident rehabilitation.Define emergency incident rehabilitation. Describe why fire fighters need emergency Describe why fire fighters need emergency

incident rehabilitation.incident rehabilitation. List and describe the types of extended List and describe the types of extended

fire incidents where fire fighters need fire incidents where fire fighters need emergency incident rehabilitation. emergency incident rehabilitation.

Describe four other types of incidents Describe four other types of incidents where fire fighters would benefit from where fire fighters would benefit from emergency incident rehabilitation. emergency incident rehabilitation.



Describe the functions of a Describe the functions of a rehabilitation center. rehabilitation center.

List the four parts of revitalization.List the four parts of revitalization. Describe the types of fluids that are Describe the types of fluids that are

well suited for fire fighters to drink well suited for fire fighters to drink during emergency incident during emergency incident rehabilitation. rehabilitation.



Describe the types of food that are Describe the types of food that are well suited for fire fighters to eat well suited for fire fighters to eat during emergency incident during emergency incident rehabilitation.rehabilitation.

Describe the personal responsibilities Describe the personal responsibilities related to emergency incident related to emergency incident rehabilitation. rehabilitation.


IntroductionIntroduction

You must take care You must take care of yourself so you of yourself so you can help others.can help others.

Rehabilitate: To Rehabilitate: To restore to a restore to a condition of health condition of health or to a state of or to a state of useful and useful and constructive constructive activity.activity.


IntroductionIntroduction

Without rest and Without rest and recovery:recovery: FatigueFatigue HeadachesHeadaches Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal

problemsproblems


Factors, Cause, and Need Factors, Cause, and Need for Rehabilitationfor Rehabilitation

Physiological job stressors:Physiological job stressors: From sleep to full activity in secondsFrom sleep to full activity in seconds Not enough time to eat or drinkNot enough time to eat or drink Physical demandsPhysical demands



Environmental job stressors:Environmental job stressors: Adverse weather conditionsAdverse weather conditions Unfamiliar locationsUnfamiliar locations Smoke-filled environmentsSmoke-filled environments



Personal protective Personal protective equipment (PPE)equipment (PPE) Contributes to heat Contributes to heat

stressstress Can weigh up to 40 Can weigh up to 40

lbs. lbs. Increases energy Increases energy

needed to moveneeded to move Traps body heatTraps body heat Acts as vapor Acts as vapor

barrierbarrier



DehydrationDehydration State in which fluid State in which fluid

losses exceed intake losses exceed intake Fire fighter in action Fire fighter in action

can lose up to 2 can lose up to 2 quarts of fluid in less quarts of fluid in less than 1 hourthan 1 hour

Fluid loss reduces Fluid loss reduces strength, endurance, strength, endurance, and mental and mental judgmentjudgment



Energy ConsumptionEnergy Consumption During strenuous activity, the body During strenuous activity, the body

burns carbohydrates and fats for burns carbohydrates and fats for energy.energy.

Essential to refuel energy sources with Essential to refuel energy sources with nutritious foodnutritious food



A well-rested, well-A well-rested, well-conditioned person conditioned person has more has more endurance and can endurance and can tolerate the tolerate the stresses of stresses of firefighting.firefighting.


Types of Incidents Affecting Types of Incidents Affecting Fire Fighter RehabilitationFire Fighter Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation Rehabilitation required at all required at all incidentsincidents Small incidents may Small incidents may

require only water require only water for rehydration.for rehydration.

Major incidents may Major incidents may require a full require a full rehabilitation rehabilitation center.center.



Structure firesStructure fires Intense heat and Intense heat and

stressful conditions stressful conditions cause rapid cause rapid dehydration and dehydration and fatigue.fatigue.

High-rise firesHigh-rise fires Energy resources Energy resources

are drained quickly.are drained quickly.



Wildland firesWildland fires Crews need to work Crews need to work

in shifts so their in shifts so their bodies can recover.bodies can recover.

Large fires may Large fires may require hundreds of require hundreds of fire fighters and fire fighters and take weeks to take weeks to extinguish.extinguish.


Other Types of IncidentsOther Types of IncidentsRequiring RehabilitationRequiring Rehabilitation

Hazardous Hazardous materials incidentsmaterials incidents

Long-duration Long-duration search -and -search -and -rescue activitiesrescue activities

Large-scale Large-scale training activitiestraining activities



Non-emergency Non-emergency eventsevents Athletic eventsAthletic events Stand-by Stand-by

assignmentsassignments



Nourishment and fluid replacement are Nourishment and fluid replacement are essential whenever fire fighters must be essential whenever fire fighters must be ready for action.ready for action.

Weather conditionsWeather conditions Heat causes rapid dehydration and fatigue.Heat causes rapid dehydration and fatigue. High humidity reduces evaporative cooling.High humidity reduces evaporative cooling. Cold weather can cause hypothermia.Cold weather can cause hypothermia.


How Does Rehabilitation How Does Rehabilitation Work?Work?

Six Functions:Six Functions: Medical monitoringMedical monitoring RevitalizationRevitalization Medical monitoring and treatmentMedical monitoring and treatment Transportation Transportation Critical incident stress managementCritical incident stress management ReassignmentReassignment


Physical AssessmentPhysical Assessment

Signs and Signs and symptoms of symptoms of fatigue fatigue

Crew should be Crew should be observed for signs observed for signs of emotional of emotional stress.stress.


RevitalizationRevitalization

RestRest Opportunity to Opportunity to

disengage from disengage from stressful activities stressful activities and remove PPEand remove PPE



Fluid replacementFluid replacement Rehydrate with Rehydrate with

water. water. Restore electrolytes Restore electrolytes

with diluted sports with diluted sports drinks.drinks.

Avoid caffeinated Avoid caffeinated and sugar-rich and sugar-rich drinks.drinks.



NutritionNutrition Glucose needed to burn fat and release Glucose needed to burn fat and release

energyenergy Need to balance glucose levels for the Need to balance glucose levels for the

body to work properlybody to work properly Too low = weakness, shakingToo low = weakness, shaking Too high = sluggishnessToo high = sluggishness



Nutrition Nutrition (continued)(continued) CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

Major source of fuelMajor source of fuel Readily used by the Readily used by the

body during high-body during high-intensity activitiesintensity activities

ProteinsProteins Used by the body to Used by the body to

grow and repair grow and repair tissuestissues



Nutrition (continued)Nutrition (continued) FatsFats

Used for energy, insulating and protecting Used for energy, insulating and protecting organs, and breaking down vitaminsorgans, and breaking down vitamins

Simple sugars stimulate insulin Simple sugars stimulate insulin production.production.

Sugar consumption can lead to lower energy Sugar consumption can lead to lower energy levels.levels.



Nutrition (continued)Nutrition (continued) During short incidentsDuring short incidents

Consume low-sugar, high-protein sports Consume low-sugar, high-protein sports bars.bars.

During extended incidentsDuring extended incidents Eat smaller, balanced meals that include Eat smaller, balanced meals that include

complex carbohydrates.complex carbohydrates. Proper nutrition is part of a healthy Proper nutrition is part of a healthy

lifestyle.lifestyle.



Temperature Temperature stabilizationstabilization Remove turnout gear Remove turnout gear

as soon as possible.as soon as possible. Move to climate-Move to climate-

controlled controlled environment.environment.

In cold conditions, In cold conditions, use a heated use a heated rehabilitation center.rehabilitation center.


Medical Monitoring and Medical Monitoring and TreatmentTreatment

Medical monitoring and treatmentMedical monitoring and treatment Abnormal vital signs, pain, and injury Abnormal vital signs, pain, and injury

necessitate further medical treatment.necessitate further medical treatment. Signs of illness or injury should be Signs of illness or injury should be

checked in the rehabilitation center checked in the rehabilitation center to prevent later disruption on the fire to prevent later disruption on the fire scene.scene.


Transportation to a HospitalTransportation to a Hospital

Ambulance Ambulance available at available at rehabilitation rehabilitation centers to: centers to: Transport ill fire Transport ill fire

fightersfighters Transport injured Transport injured

fire fightersfire fighters


Critical Incident Stress Critical Incident Stress ManagementManagement

CISMCISM Confronts critical incidents, defuses Confronts critical incidents, defuses

them, and directs the fire fighter toward them, and directs the fire fighter toward physical and emotional balancephysical and emotional balance

Team members may meet with Team members may meet with companies or individual fire fighters.companies or individual fire fighters.


ReassignmentReassignment

Fire fighters released to Fire fighters released to reassignment following:reassignment following: RestRest RehydrationRehydration RefuelingRefueling Rechecking that they are fit for dutyRechecking that they are fit for duty

May return to the same or different May return to the same or different taskstasks


Personal Responsibility Personal Responsibility in Rehabilitationin Rehabilitation

““Safety Begins and Ends with You”Safety Begins and Ends with You” Take care of yourself first, your team Take care of yourself first, your team

second, others third.second, others third. Know your own limits.Know your own limits. Be responsible: participate in Be responsible: participate in

emergency incident rehabilitation.emergency incident rehabilitation.


SummarySummary

Rehabilitation centers are special Rehabilitation centers are special designated areas where emergency designated areas where emergency personnel can rest.personnel can rest.

Rehabilitation helps prevent injuries and Rehabilitation helps prevent injuries and illness.illness.

Rehabilitation centers are often required Rehabilitation centers are often required at wildland fires and structure fires that at wildland fires and structure fires that are large or continue for long periods of are large or continue for long periods of time.time.


SummarySummary

Six parts of revitalization:Six parts of revitalization: Medical monitoringMedical monitoring RevitalizationRevitalization Medical monitoring and treatmentMedical monitoring and treatment Transportation Transportation Critical incident stress managementCritical incident stress management ReassignmentReassignment


SummarySummary

Replace fluids before signs of Replace fluids before signs of dehydration become obvious.dehydration become obvious.

Meet nutritional needs during minor Meet nutritional needs during minor incidents with low-sugar, high-protein incidents with low-sugar, high-protein sports bars.sports bars.

During longer incidents, eat small During longer incidents, eat small frequent meals that contain the frequent meals that contain the appropriate nutritional balance.appropriate nutritional balance.


SummarySummary

Know your limits, listen to your body, Know your limits, listen to your body, and use rehabilitation facilities.and use rehabilitation facilities.

Safety begins and ends with you.Safety begins and ends with you.

Any Questions?Any Questions?

verdugo fire academy verdugo fire academy academy firefighter rehabilitation robert sepulveda, vfa...

Documents

rehabilitation center

academy verdugo

academy objectives

academy factors

academy introduction

types of incidents

types of extended

types of food