verilog-a mos model

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    By:

    AVIRUP DASGUPTA (Y9227159)

    VAIBHAV GOYAL (Y9635)

    RAHUL JHA (Y9450)

    Threshold Voltage Based Modelling

    Course: Integrated Circuit Technology

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    Introduction

    Threshold voltage is basically the value of gate-source voltage to turn on the transistor.

    Threshold voltage is very important parameter in

    the modeling of MOSFET device.

    Depending on Threshold voltage, the MOSFET

    operation can be divided into three major regions: Weak Inversion Region: Gate voltage less than threshold

    voltage. Here inversion charge density is less than doping

    concentration Transition Region: Gate voltage comparable to Threshold

    voltage.

    Strong Inversion Region: Gate voltage higher compared to

    threshold voltage. Inversion charge density higher than doping

    concentration.

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    Standard Model

    The threshold voltage is governed by thefollowing equation

    Vth : Threshold voltage, VFB : Flatband Volatge

    ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

    However the standard model applies only to long uniformly doped channel

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    Vertical Non-Uniform Doping

    More concentration near Si/SiO2 interface anddecreases throughout the interface

    Modeling governed by following equations:

    Where gamma is the body effect coefficient for doping, Vbm is maximumbody bias and Vbx is body bias for depletion width = Xt such that

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    Other Effects

    DIBL Effects: Drain voltage control over channelbecause of high drain voltage. Modeling is

    governed by:

    where KDIBL is given by

    Mobility Model

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    Effective Vgs-teffand Vdseff Current equation is different in three regions

    (mentioned earlier). Hence single smooth

    equations of Vgs-teffand Vdseffhave been

    developed that work perfectly in all three regions.

    Here delta is the smoothening factor.

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    Current Calculation

    Having smoothened equations for Vgsteffand Vdseff, we now derive the current equation valid for all

    the regions:

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    Channel Length Modulation and DIBL Effect

    The modified equations once we include channel lengthmodulation and DIBL effect can be given as

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    Voltage Saturation

    Source-Drain Resistance

    Impact Ionization Current

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    Charge Calculations The inversion charge density from a distance x from the source

    can be calculated by the following formula:

    Hence Total Inversion Charge is the integration from 0 to Length

    of the channel which gives:

    In Accumulation region: Qacc= Cox(Vgb - Vfb) = QG

    In Depletion region: Qg = Qdep

    In Inversion region: Qg= -QI

    Charge equation valid in all regions should be of form:

    max(min(Qacc, Qdep),QI) in max and min functions can be

    considered as below:

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    Simulation Results

    Ids versus Vds plot for different Vg

    500

    400

    300

    200

    100

    00 0.5 1 1.5 2

    2.5

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    Simulation Results

    Ids versus Vgs on semilog axis Plot. DIBL effectcan be seen

    0 0.5 1 1.5 2

    2.5

    -2.5

    -5.0

    -7.5

    -10.0

    -12.5

    -15.0

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    Simulation Results Impact Ionisation Current versus Vg on semilog axis for different

    Vds.

    0 0.5 1 1.5 2

    2.5

    2.5

    0

    -2.5

    -5.0

    -7.5

    -10.0

    -12.5

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    Simulation Results

    3rd order derivatives are continuous

    0 0.5 1 1.5 2

    2.5

    35.0

    30.0

    25.0

    20.0

    15.0

    10.0

    5.0

    0

    -5.0

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    THANK YOU