versão integral disponível em digitalis.uc · europatria francisco de oliveira coordinator...
TRANSCRIPT
Europatria
FRA
NC
ISCO
DE
OLIV
EIR
A
CO
OR
DIN
ATO
RE
UR
OPA
TR
IA
Biography
Francisco de Oliveira is Full Professor of the Institute of Classical Studies of the
University of Coimbra, Portugal; member of the Center of Classical and Humanistic
Studies of the University of Coimbra and Director of the Latin Studies; former Dean
of the Faculty of Letters (1996-2002); former President of the Euroclassica and of
the Portuguese Association for Classical Studies; former Director of the Institute of
Classical Studies and of Teacher Training Programmes including in-service training.
Conferences presented in many countries and publications in Portuguese, French,
Spanish, English and German.
Main research subject: theatre in general and especially sociology of theatre and the
tragedy of Seneca; political theory in antiquity, actually Cicero and Pliny the Younger;
currents of thought in the High Roman Empire; classical education in Portugal.
Summary
The present anthology of texts in Latin, drawn from classical antiquity to the pre-
sent, containing seventeen chapters dedicated to different countries of the Euro-
pean Union and the candidate countries, intends to fulfil the following aims: 1) to
consolidate th European heritage through collective, national and transnational
reflection on its past; 2) to present an image of Europe in its unity and diversity,
as envisioned by a group of classical language teachers from each of the member
countries and from those who are candidates for inclusion; 3) to reflect upon what
the European Union has been, what it is and what it will be, using as a basis our
cultural inheritance as it is written in the Latin language.
Francisco dE olivEiracoordinator
WORK PUBLISHED WITH THE SPONSORSHIP OF
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I t A L y
VA G A n t e s p e R I t A L I C A L I t o R A .
I t I n e R A R I V m po e t I C V m I n t R A L A t I n A m
I t A L I C A m Q Ve t R A D I t I o n e m
Introduction
This.contribution.wishes.to.be.a.practicable.itinerary.for.knowledge.and.
study.about.Italy.through.texts.composed.by.poets.and.prose.writers..The.
authors.and.works.that.I.have.chosen.cover.a.very.long.period:.from.the.
Roman.Republican.age.through.to.the.Decadence.Age,.embracing.a.period.
of.two.thousand.years..You.can.find.some.very.familiar.texts.here,.such.as.
the.beautiful.poem.by.Catullus.(Verona,.84?.B.C..–.54.B.C.).about.Sirmio.
(carm..31).or.the.ode.by.Horace.(Venosa,.65.B.C..–.Roma,.8.B.C.).to.the.
Bandusian.spring.(carm..3..13),.but.also.some.works.from.the.medieval.
or.humanistic.age.that.are.essentially.far.from.the.usual.lines.of.literary.
studies..The.order.of.my. contribution.obviously.has. a. symbolic. sense,.
starting.with. the. celebration.of. Italian.beauties. (Catullus). and. ancient.
traditions.(Horace).with.a.pathetic.mourning.of.a.sacrificed.young.goat.
After. these.much.-celebrated.poems.of. the.classical. era,.we.go.on. to.
some.verses.by.our.most.prestigious.poet.and.humanist,.Francesco.Petrarca.
(Arezzo,.1304.–.Arquà,.1374),.whose.most.important.works.were.inspired.
by.Laura's.love,.the.girl.that.he.met.in.Avignon.in.April.1327..Able.emu-
lator.of.classics,.Francesco.Petrarca.found,.studied.and.published.a.very.
large.number.of.manuscripts..Among.his.works.the.most.remarkable.Latin.
Serena.Ferrando..-.Genoa,.ItaliaLiceo.scientifico.“A..Issel”,.Finale.liguree.-mail:[email protected]
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poems.are.De viribus illustribus, Africa, Secretum, De remediis utriusque
Fortunae and.the.Canzoniere (this.one.written.in.Italian.but.inspired.by.
Catullus).. In.some.of. these.works.Petrarca.speaks.with.ancient.poets.as.
though. they.were.his.best. friends..We.can.find. this. singular. attitude.of.
the.author. in. two. texts. that. I.have. selected.here,.namely. two. letters. in.
Latin. respectively. addressed. to.Horace.and.Vergil..Talking.about.Vergil.
(Andes,.70.B.C..–.Brindisi,.19.B.C.),.we.must.also.include.in.this.itinerary.
the.famous.celebration.of.Italy.that.we.can.read.in.Georgica.(2..458.-474)..
It.is.a.praise.of.our.country.very.similar.to.the.Vergilian.laus.Italiae.that.
follows.a.constant.pattern.in.Petrarca's.composition..It.is.also.a.beautiful.
and.classical.text,.where.we.can.find.many.classical.quotations..
Following.the.dialogue.of.Petrarca.with.ancient.authors,.I.would.like.
to.present.some.quotations.of.the.Epistula, composed.by.Dante.Alighieri.
(Florence,. 1265.–.Ravenna.1321),. father.of. Italian. literature..The. text. I.
have.chosen.was.written.by.the.poet.during.a.difficult.period.in.exile,.to.
which.he.was.subjected.for.political.reasons..Very.famous.for.his.Divina.
Commedia,.where.he.describes.his.voyage.on.the.reign.of.deads.in.search.
of.God.and.moral. redemption,.Dante. is. also.well.known. for.his.politi-
cal.and.rhetoric.works.(Epistulae,.De Monarchia,.De.vulgari.eloquentia,.
Convivio)..However,.his.ardent.love.for.his.city,.Florence,.in.Tuscany,.and.
for.Italy.in.general,.does.not.make.it.hard.for.him.to.reach.a.compromise.
with.political.adversaries:. this. is. the.essential.message.conveyed.by. the.
text. introduced.here..After.Dante,.we.have.another. famous.exile,.Ovid.
(Sulmona,.43.B.C..–.Tomis,.17.or.18.A.D.)..A.mysterious.carmen.(perhaps.
the.Ars.amatoria).and.an.error.led.to.the.banishing.of.this.brilliant.poet.
of.the.golden.society.away.from.Rome.to.Tomis..The.difficult.situation.of.
Ovid.is.described.in.the.works.he.wrote.during.his.exile.(Tristia, Epistulae
ex Ponto),.where,.unlike.Dante,.he.continuously.tries.to.return.home.with.
the.help.of.influential.people.from.the.Roman.society..I.quote.here.some.
lines. from.a.delightful.description.of. the. Italian. spring,.where. the.poet.
celebrates.the.natural.beauty.of.this.country.with.a.really.bright.picture.
of.Roman.life.during.the.feasts,.in.strident.contrast.to.his.inner.‘death’..
After.this.Laus.veris Romanae,.another.poet.is.introduced.who.composed.
some.perfect.verses.in.Latin:.Giovanni.Pascoli,.one.of.the.most.important.
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