vi term - vsvn polytechnic virudhunagar technology/pdf/vi team.pdff.w. taylor’s and henry...

Department of Plastic Technology

VI - 1

VI TERM


VI – 2


VIRUDHUNAGAR S.VELLAICHAMY NADAR

POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)

(Affiliated to Department of Technical Education, Chennai

DIPLOMA IN PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY

2015

TESTING OF PLASTICS AND NANO COMPOSITES

V. S. V. N. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)VIRUDHUNAGAR


VI – 3




VIRUDHUNAGAR – 626 001


III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

PLASTICS AND NANO COMPOSITES

ACADEMIC BOARD

V. S. V. N. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)VIRUDHUNAGAR-626 001.



(Affiliated to Department of Technical Education, Chennai-25)

PLASTICS AND NANO COMPOSITES

V. S. V. N. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)


VI – 4


VI – 5

M9-SCHEME

(Implements from the Academic year 2015-2016 onwards)

Programme : DIPLOMA IN PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY

Course Code : M9PT308

Term : VI

Course Name : TESTING OF PLASTICS AND NANO COMPOSITES

TEACHING AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION:

No. of Weeks per term: 15 weeks

Course Name

Instruction Examination

Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration TESTING OF

PLASTICS AND

NANO

COMPOSITES

5 75

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

TOPICS AND ALLOCATION OF HOURS:

UNIT TOPIC TIME

(Hrs)

I IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTICS 15

II TEST SPECIMEN PREPARATION AND TESTING OF

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PLASTICS

15

III THERMAL, OPTICAL AND WEATHERING PROPERTIES OF

PLASTICS

15

IV ELECTRICAL, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCT

TESTING

15

V PREPARATION AND TESTING OF NANO COMPOSITES 15

Total 75

RATIONALE:

In this subject the basic methods by plastics identification are detailed to make the students to

be knowledgeable in various methods of identification. This subject also covers different

properties of polymers namely mechanical properties, thermal properties, optical properties,

Electrical properties and chemical properties also the methods by which these properties can

be determined.

This subject also deals with different tests that can be performed to products like pipes,

containers also preparation and testing of nano composites.

This subject will definitely help the students to operate various testing equipments.

OBJECTIVES:

On completion of the units of syllabus contents the students must be able to know about

• Identification of plastics by Simple physical preliminary tests and by detection of

elements present in the plastics.

• Confirmation of plastics by chemical analysis.

• Significance and method of determination Analytical tests like Specific gravity,

Density, Water absorption, Moisture analysis, Melting point and Solubility.

• Specifications, standards and their importance.


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• Principle, test procedure, standards used, significance and the factors affecting the

various mechanical properties of plastics like Short-term mechanical properties,

Long-term mechanical properties and Mechanical properties of surfaces.


various thermal properties and flammability tests.


Optical properties of plastics.

• Electrical properties, weathering properties, Chemical properties their Principle, test

procedure, standards used, significance and the factors affecting the tests.

• Significance of product testing.

• Product Testing methods and their importance of Pipe testing and Blow moulded

containers.

• Applications and advantages of Nano Materials –Distinction between Nano Materials

and Bulk Materials

• Properties of Nano materials –Preparation of Nano composites.

• Mechanical properties of Nano Composites.

• Thermal Properties of Nano Composites

DETAILED SYLLABUS

UNIT I: IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTICS (15 Hours)

Identification of plastics - Simple physical preliminary tests like visual examination, heating

and softening behavior, floatation test, cutting with knife, scratching with nail, bending,

tearing and dropping sound test. Burning tests - Nature of flame, odour, speed of burning,

smoke and other characteristics - Detection of elements by Copper wire test (Beilstein test)

and Sodium fusion extract test – Confirmation of plastics by chemical analysis.

Analytical tests: Specific gravity - Density and bulk Density- Water absorption - Moisture

analysis - Melting point - Significance and method of determination.

UNIT II: TEST SPECIMEN PREPARATION AND TESTING OF MECHANICAL

PROPERITES OF PLASTICS (15 Hours)

Importance of testing - Specifications - Test specimen preparation of plastics - Equipments

used for preparation - Standards (Brief idea only) - Conditioning procedure.

Mechanical Properties:

Short-term mechanical properties:

1. Tensile strength - Stress curve - Equipment and procedure –Factors affecting Tensile

strength.

2. Impact strength (Izod, Charpy and falling weight impact tests only)

Long-term mechanical properties:

1. Creep - Equipment and procedure - Factors affecting creep.

Mechanical properties of surfaces:

1. Measurement of Hardness ( Rockwell only) - Factors affecting Hardness.

2. Abrasion - Taber abrasion - equipment and procedure.


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UNIT III: THERMAL, OPTICAL AND WEATHERING PROPERTIES OF

PLASTICS (15 Hours)

Thermal properties: Co efficient of thermal expansion - Determination of temperature of

deflection under load -Heat distortion Temperature (HDT) - Vicat Softening Point (VSP) -

Melt Flow Index (MFI) - Significance and method of determination

Flammability tests:

Oxygen Index Test - Critical Oxygen Index -Method of determination of critical Oxygen

Index (COI) value only

Optical properties: Luminous Transmittance - Haze – Gloss - Definitions and method of

determination.

Weathering properties: Accelerated weathering test - Outdoor weathering test -

Significance and measurement.

UNIT IV: ELECTRICAL, CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCT TESTING

(15 Hours)

Electrical properties: Introduction - Requirements of an insulator - Di-electric strength -

Measurement of Di-electric strength - Factors affecting Di-electric strength. Di-electric

constant - Measurement of Di-electric constant-Arc resistance - Measurement of Arc

resistance

Chemical properties: Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance (ESCR) - Significance and

method of determination

Product Testing: Testing of plastic products - Significance of product testing.

Pipe testing - PVC and HDPE Pipes - Test methods. Testing of Blow moulded containers.

UNIT V: PREPARATION AND TESTING OF NANO COMPOSITES (15 Hours)

Introduction to Nano Composites – Applications and advantages of Nano Materials –

Distinction between Nano Materials and Bulk Materials – Properties of Nano materials –

Preparation of Nano composites.

Mechanical properties of Nano Composites –Tensile properties

Thermal Properties of Nano Composites- Ageing properties

TEXT BOOK:

1. Vishu shah - Handbook of Plastic Testing Technology – Wiley Inter-science

Publications - 1998

REFERENCES:

1. A.S. Athalye–Identification and testing of plastics - Multitech publishers - 1992.

2. How to identify plastics - CIPET Publication- 2003.

3. Paul Kluckow-Rubber and Plastics Testing – Chapman & Hall, London – 1963.

4. L.E.Nielsen -Mechanical properties of Plastics – Reinhold, New York – 1962.

5. J.H.Collins -Testing and Analysis of Plastics – Plastics Institute – 1955.

6. R. P. Brown - Handbook of plastic testing methods - 1971

7. M.E.Baird - Electrical Properties of polymeric materials – Plastics and Rubber

Institute, London – 1973.


VI – 8


VIRUDHUNAGAR S.


(Affiliated to Department of Technical Educati


2015

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND

SOLAR ENERGY

V. S. V. N. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGEVIRUDHUNAGAR


VI – 9

VIRUDHUNAGAR S. VELLAICHAMY NADAR





III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND

SOLAR ENERGY MANAGEMENT

ACADEMIC BOARD


VELLAICHAMY NADAR


on, Chennai-25)

(AUTONOMOUS)


VI – 10


VI – 11

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI

Course Name : INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND SOLAR ENERGY

MANAGEMENT



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration INDUSTRIAL

ENGINEERING

AND SOLAR

ENERGY

MANAGEMENT

5 75

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs


UNIT TOPIC TIME

(Hrs)

I PLANT ENGINEERING 15

II WORK STUDY, METHOD STUDY AND SOLAR ENERGY

MANAGEMENT 15

III PRODUCTION PLANNING AND QUALITY CONTROL 15

IV PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND PERSONNEL

MANAGEMENT 15

V FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT 15

Total 75

RATIONALE:

In the Indian Economy, Plastics Industries and Enterprises always find prominent place. After

globalization, the students should be trained not only in manufacturing processes but also in

managing activities of plastic industries. The knowledge about plant, safety, work study

techniques, solar energy management, personnel management and financial management will

definitely mould the students as managers to suit the industries.

OBJECTIVES:

• To study different types of layout.

• To study safety aspects and its impacts on an organization.

• To study different work measurement techniques.

• To study about solar energy management systems.

• To study production planning and control and its functions.

• To study basic and modern management techniques.

• To study the staff selection procedure and training of them.

• To study capital and resources of capital.

• To study inventory control system.

• To study about organization and its behavior.


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DETAILED SYLLABUS

UNIT I: PLANT ENGINEERING AND PLANT SAFETY (15 Hours)

Plant Engineering – Selection of site of industry – Plant layout –Principles of a good layout

– types – process, product and fixed position –techniques to improve layout – Principles of

material handling equipment – Plant maintenance – importance – Break down maintenance,

preventive maintenance and scheduled maintenance.

Plant Safety: Importance –accident-causes and cost of an accident-accident proneness-

prevention of accidents-Industrial disputes-settlement of Industrial disputes-Collective

bargaining, conciliation, Mediation, arbitration-Indian Factories Act 1948 and its provisions

related to health, welfare and safety

UNIT II: WORK STUDY, METHOD STUDY AND SOLAR ENERGY MANAGEMENT

(15 Hours)

Work Study: Productivity – Standard of living – method of improving productivity –

Objectives – Importance of good working conditions.

Method Study: Definition – Objectives – Selection of a job for method study – Basic

procedure for conduct of method study – Tools used – Operation process chart, Flow process

chart, two handed process chart, Man machine chart, String diagram and flow diagram.

Solar Energy Management- Principles and Objectives of solar Energy Management. Design

of solar Energy Management -Development of solar energy management systems,

Importance, Indian need of solar Energy -Solar thermal power plants- Economics and social

considerations.

UNIT III: PRODUCTION PLANNING AND QUALITY CONTROL (15 Hours)

Production Planning and Control: Introduction – Major functions of production planning and

control – Pre planning – Methods of forecasting – Routing and scheduling – Dispatching and

controlling -Production – types-Mass production, batch production and job order production-

Characteristics – Economic Batch Quantity (EBQ) – Principles of product and process planning

– make or buy decision.

Quality Control: Definition – Objectives – Types of inspection – First piece, Floor and

centralized inspection – Advantages and disadvantages. Quality control – Statistical quality

control – Types of measurements – Method of variables – Method of attributes – Uses of X, R,

p and c charts – Operating Characteristics curve (O.C curve) – Sampling inspection – single

and double sampling plan – Concept of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System-

Registration Certification procedure – Benefits of ISO to the organization

UNIT IV: PRINCIPLES, PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL

BEHAVIOR (15 hours)

Principles of Management: Definition of management – Administration - Organization –

F.W. Taylor’s and Henry Fayol’s Principles of Management – Functions of Manager – Types

of Organization – Line, Staff, Taylor’s Pure functional types – Line and staff and committee

type – Directing – Leadership - Styles of Leadership – Qualities of a good leader –

Motivation – Positive and negative motivation –Modern management techniques- Just In

Time – Total Quality Management (TQM) – Quality circle – Zero defect concept – 5S

Concept- Management Information Systems-strategic management-SWOT analysis-Business

Process Re-engineering(BPR)-enterprise resource planning(ERP)- Activity Based

Management (ABM) – Global Perspective –principle and brief description. Principles and

brief description.


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Personnel Management: Responsibility of human resource management – Selection

procedure – Training of workers – Apprentice training – On the job training and vestibule

school training – Job evaluation and merit rating – objectives and importance – wages and

salary administration – Components of wages – Wage fixation – Type of wage payment –

Halsey’s 50% plan, Rowan’s plan and Emerson’s efficiency plan – Problems.

Organizational behavior: Definition – organization--Types of Organization – Line, Staff,

Taylor’s Pure functional types – Line and staff and committee type –Organizational

Approaches, individual behavior—causes—Environmental effect—Behavior and

Performance, Perception-organizational implications.

UNIT V: FINANCIAL MANAGEMNT AND MATERIAL MANAGEMENT (15 hours)

Financial Management: Fixed and working capital – Resources of capital – shares

preference and equity shares – debentures – Type of debentures – Public deposits, Factory

costing – direct cost – indirect cost – Factory overhead – Selling price of a product – Profit –

Problems. Depreciation – Causes – Methods - Straight line, sinking fund and percentage on

diminishing value method – Problems.

Material management: Objectives of good stock control system – ABC analysis of

inventory – Procurement and consumption cycle – Minimum Stock, Lead Time, Reorder

Level-Economic order quantity problems – Supply Chain Management (SCM) – Introduction

– Purchasing procedure – Store keeping – Bin card.

Text Books:

1) Industrial Engineering and Management, O.P. Khanna, Revised Edition Publications (P)

Ltd – 2004, 67/4 Madras House, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110002.

2) Engineering Economics and Management, T.R. Banga & S.C. Sharma, McGraw Hill

Editiion. 2– 2001, New Delhi.

3) Herald Koontz and Heinz Weihrich,’Essentials of Management’,McGraw Hill Publishing

Company,Singapore International Edition.Latest

Reference Books:

1) Management, A global perspective, Heinz Weihrich, Harold Koontz, 10th Edition,

McGraw Hill International Edition 1994.

2) Essentials of Management, 4th Edition, Joseph L.Massie, Prentice-Hall of India, New

Delhi 2004

3) S.Chandran,Organizational Behaviours,Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Latest

4)M.Govindarajan and S.Natarajan,Principles of Management,Prentce Hall of India

Pvt.Ltd.New Delhi.Latest.


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2015

ELECTIVE THEORY

1. PLASTICS MOULD AND DIE DESIGN



VI – 15






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

ELECTIVE THEORY II:

PLASTICS MOULD AND DIE DESIGN

ACADEMIC BOARD







VI – 16


VI – 17

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI

Course Name : ELECTIVE THEORY II:

1. PLASTICS MOULD AND DIE DESIGN



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration ELECTIVE

THEORY II:

1. PLASTICS

MOULD AND

DIE DESIGN

5 75

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs


UNIT TOPIC TIME

(Hrs)

I MOULD FOR SIDE CORE AND SIDE CAVITY, MOULD FOR

INTERNAL UNDERCUTS 15

II MOULD FOR THREADED COMPONENTS, HOT RUNNER

MOULD 15

III COMPRESSION AND TRANSFER MOULD DESIGN 15

IV EXTRUSION DIE DESIGN 15

V BLOW MOULD DESIGN, MOULD MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY 15

Total 75

RATIONALE:

With the rapid expansion of Industries such as Automobile, Printing, Packaging,

Telecommunications and food industries the demand for all these, technologists also

increases. This specialized subject makes students aware about design and manufacturing

process of Injection moulds, compression moulds, Transfer moulds, Blow moulds and

Extrusion dies.

OBJECTIVES:


• Mould materials their properties and applications

• Design of threaded moulds.

• Side core moulds.

• Hot runner moulds.

• Compression and Transfer Mould Design their types, advantages, limitations and

applications.

• Blow mould materials and constructions.

• Extrusion Die materials and construction.

• Designing of pipe, blown film and sheet dies.


VI – 18

DETAILED SYLLABUS

UNIT I: MOULD FOR SIDE CORE AND SIDE CAVITY, MOULD FOR INTERNAL

UNDERCUTS (15 Hours)

MOULD FOR SIDE CORE AND SIDE CAVITY

Side cores and Side cavities – Principle of Side core – Principle of side cavity. Internal side

core (or Side cavity) assembly – Methods of actuation – Finger cam actuation – Dog leg

actuation – Spring actuation. External side core (or Side cavity ) assembly – Outrigger –

Method of actuation – Spring actuation.

MOULD FOR INTERNAL UNDERCUTS

Moulding internal undercuts - Form pin – Form pin straight action – Form pin angled action.

Split cores – Split cores straight action – Split cores angled action. Stripping external

undercuts.

UNIT II: MOULD FOR THREADED COMPONENTS, HOT RUNNER MOULD

(15 Hours)

MOULD FOR THREADED COMPONENTS:

Moulds for threaded components – component design. Moulds for internally threaded

components – Fixed threaded core design – Loose threaded core design – Collapsible core

design – Unscrewing mould design – Axially fixed rotating core – Rotating core plus

extractor plate – Withdrawing rotating core – Rotating cavity – Layout of impression.

Moulds for Externally threaded components – Fixed threaded cavity design – Automating

unscrewing – Stripping (Jumping) external threads – Threaded Splits.

HOT RUNNER MOULD

Hot runner mould – Advantages – Limitations – Applications. Hot runner unit – Manifold

block – Rectangular - Circular. Secondary nozzles – Standard Secondary nozzle – Direct

feed Secondary nozzle – Direct feed sliding type secondary nozzle. Internally heated

secondary nozzles - Internally heated direct feed core rod type secondary nozzle- Internally

heated direct feed sliding type secondary nozzle.

UNIT III: COMPRESSION AND TRANSFER MOULD DESIGN (15 Hours)

COMPRESSION MOULD DESIGN:

Types – Flash type moulds- Positive type moulds- Semi-Positive type moulds - Advantages -

Limitations and applications. Design of mould components – Cavity - Punch - Guide bush -

Guide pin - Ejector pin. Bulk factor - Flash allowances. Types of heaters.

TRANSFER MOULD DESIGN:

Types - Pot type moulds - Plunger type moulds. Mould considerations - Transfer plunger -

Cull pick up - Parting line location - Gate location - Gating system - Balanced runner system.

Simple calculation for Size of Transfer pot - Clamping pressure -Transfer pressure.


VI – 19

UNIT IV: EXTRUSION DIE DESIGN: (15 Hours)

General features of dies - Die geometry - Approach section - Land section. Designing of

Solid dies - Integer Dies - Split Dies - Plate Dies. Designing of pipe die - In-line type - Offset

type. Design of blown film dies - Side fed die - Centre fed die – Sprial feed. Design of sheet

dies - Coat hanger type - " T " type die – Fishtail type. Design of profile die (one type only).

Wire and Cable coating dies. Die materials for construction.

UNIT V: BLOW MOULD DESIGN, MOULD MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY

(15 Hours)

Blow mould materials and constructions - Die and mandrel design - Die head - Side fed head

- Spider or axial flow head - Accumulator head - Parison control – Parison Programming -

Parting line - Pinch off design - Neck pinch off - Base pinch off - Flash pockets - Clamping

tonnage calculation - Venting – Cooling.

Mould Maintenance - Wear caused by Resin action – Abrasion – Corrosion. Corrosion

caused coolant - Wear of tapers - Lubrication in moulds - Leader pins - Ball bearings –

Bushings - Central lubrication. Safety – Safety on lifting plates - Safety on Eye bolts - Safety

on Lift bars - Safety on mounting of mould in machine - Safety for operators.

REFERENCES:

1. INJECTION MOULD DESIGN - R.G.W. Pye

2. PLASTIC MOULD ENGINEERING HANDBOOK - J. Harry Dubois & Waying I.

Prible

3. PLASTIC MOULD DESIGN - R.H.Bebb (Compression & Transfer mould)

4. EXTRUSION DIE DESIGN - M.V. Joshi.

5. BLOW MOULDING HANDBOOK – Donald V.Rosato


VI – 20






2015

ELECTIVE THEORY

2. COMPOSITES



VI – 21






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

ELECTIVE THEORY II

COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY

ACADEMIC BOARD







VI – 22


VI – 23

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI


2. COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration ELECTIVE

THEORY II:

2. COMPOSITES

TECHNOLOGY

5 75

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs


UNIT TOPIC TIME

(Hrs)

I RESIN AND REINFORCEMENT MATERIALS 15

II DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MOULDS 15

III PROCESSING METHODS 15

IV POST PROCESSING METHODS 15

V APPLICATIONS OF COMPOSITES 15

Total 75

RATIONALE

This course helps the students to understand the various processing methods involved in the

preparation of fiber reinforced plastics. Resins, reinforcing materials and other additives used

in FRP manufacture and also basic design concept and fabrication of moulds

Objectives:


• History and development of fiber reinforced plastics.

• Properties of composites and comparison of FRP and metals.

• Resins, reinforcing materials and other additives used in FRP manufacture.

• Basic design concept mould material, types and fabrication of moulds.

• Processing methods of FRP like Hand lay up, Spray up, Vacuum bag, Pressure bag,

Compression moulding, Injection moulding, Filament winding, Pultrusion and resin

transfer moulding.

• Post processing methods like Cutting, Trimming, Machining, Joining, buffing drilling

etc., Moulding defects and their remedies.

• Applications of FRP like Household applications, Building and Construction

applications, transportation applications, Marine applications, Aero space

applications, Electrical applications, Agricultural applications and Industrial

applications.


VI – 24

DETAILED SYLLABUS

UNIT I: RESIN AND REINFORCEMENT MATERIALS (15 Hours)

Basic concept of fiber reinforced plastics - History and development of fiber reinforced

plastics – Properties of composites and comparison of fiber reinforced plastics and metals –

Resins used, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resins, PP and ABS – Reinforcing materials

used, glass fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, nylon and aramid –Miscellaneous additives used,

catalyst, accelerator, fillers, pigments and mould release agents – Their functions in

moulding.

UNIT II: DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MOULDS (15 Hours)

Basic design concept and fabrication of moulds for fiber reinforced plastics – Selection of

mould materials – Type of moulds used – Cost economics – Fabrication of moulds –

Preparation of prepregs – SMC – DMC compounds – Their properties.

UNIT III: PROCESSING METHODS (15 Hours)

Processing method of fiber reinforced plastics – Hand lay up – Spray up – Vacuum bag –

Pressure bag – Compression moulding – Injection moulding – Auto clave moulding –

Centrifugal casting – Filament winding – Pultrusion –Matched die moulding and resin

transfer moulding.

UNIT IV: POST PROCESSING METHODS (15 Hours)

Post processing methods – Cutting – Trimming – Machining – Joining – Filling - grinding –

buffing – drilling – turning - slitting - Preparation for decorating - Mechanical fastening –

Adhesive bonding and painting- Moulding defects and their remedies.

UNIT V: APPLICATIONS OF FRP (15 Hours)

Applications of FRP – Household applications: Cladding and Decorative Sheeting – Building

and Construction applications - Land transportation applications: Cars, Commercial vehicles,

Containers and other applications – Rail transport applications: Coach structure, tank wagons

– Marine applications: Boat hulls, Ship lifeboats, Open rowing boats, fast motor boats, slow

motor boat and larger sail boat hulls - Air craft applications – Aero space applications:

Radomes, Di-electric panels, Ducting and Secondary structures – Electrical applications –

Agricultural applications – Industrial applications: Chemical plant.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. L.Holloway - Composite materials – Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1966

REFERENCES:

1. Brian Parkyn – Glass Reinforced Plastics – Ilifee, 1970.

2. Gibbs & Cox – Marine Design Manual for FRP- McGraw Hill Book Co. – 1960.

3. P.Ghosh – Fiber science and technology – Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2004

4. Geoffery Pritchard – Reinforced Plastics Durability – Wood head Publilshing – 2000.

5. R.H.Sonneborn - Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics – Reinhold, New York, 1954

6. R.T.Schwartz & N.S. Schwartz - Fundamental aspects of FRP composites – Wiley,

1968

7. G.S.Hlister, C. Thomas – Fiber Reinforced Materials – Elsevier, London - 1966



POLYTECHNIC



2015

ELECTIVE

3. NANO AND SOLAR ENGINEERING



VI – 25






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

ELECTIVE THEORY II:


ACADEMIC BOARD



COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS)




VI – 26


VI – 27

M9-SCHEME



Course Code : M9CO400

Term : VI





Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration ELECTIVE

THEORY II:

3. NANO AND

SOLAR

ENGINEERING

5 75

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

Topics and Allocation of Hours:

Unit

No Topics Hours

I Nanoscale Systems, Synthesis Of Nanostructure Materials 14

II Characterization , Applications, Micro And Nano Manufacturing 14

III Components of Solar Photo Voltaic System 14

IV Solar Home System Design and Installation 13

V Design aspects of Large Solar Photovoltaic Systems 13

Revision 7

Total 75

Rationale:

Nano & Solar Engineering is an emerging field in Engineering. The Nano Technology

has a wide field of application. The ideas on Nano particle Synthesis, Characterization,

Applications and Nano Machining Techniques upgrades the Diploma Technicians to shine in

the Emerging field of Nano Technology.

Solar Engineering concepts in the field of energy production, supply and installation of

equipments creates lots of opportunities for Diploma Technicians. This elective subject

creates an avenue to shine in the new technological field.

Objective:

1. To under 1D, 2D & 3D Nano Structures.

2. To synthesis the Nano Particles.

3. To understand the principles of microscopy and working of various microscopes.

4. To study the various Nano Finishing Techniques and their applications.


VI – 28

5. To provide training to the technician capable of working and willing to work on Solar

Energy Systems.

6. To understand Solar cell technology.

7. To understand the various components in the solar power generation and distribution

systems.

NANO AND SOLAR ENGINEERING

DETAILED SYLLABUS

UNIT I 14

NANOSCALE SYSTEMS: Introduction to Nano Technology & its application. Length

scales in physics, Nanostructures: 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures (nanodots, thin films,

nanowires, nanorods.

SYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURE MATERIALS: Top down and Bottom up

approach, Photolithography. Ball milling, Vacuum deposition. Physical vapor deposition

(PVD): Thermal evaporation, E-beam evaporation, Pulsed Laser deposition. Chemical vapor

deposition (CVD).Sol-Gel. Electro deposition.

UNIT II 14

CHARACTERIZATION: X-Ray Diffraction. Optical Microscopy. Scanning Electron

Microscopy. Transmission Electron Microscopy. Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning

Tunneling Microscopy.

APPLICATIONS: Applications of nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires and thin films

for photonic devices (LED, solar cells). Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS), Nano

Electromechanical Systems (NEMS).

MICRO AND NANO MANUFACTURING: Introduction –Abrasive Flow Machining

(AFM) – Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) – Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF) –

Magnetorheological Abrasive Flow Finishing (MRAFF) – Magnetic Float Polishing (MFP) –

Elastic Emission Machining (EEM) - Ion Beam Machining (IBM) – Chemical Mechanical

Polishing (CMP).

UNIT III COMPONENTS OF A SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM 14

Basic Principles of Photo-Voltaic Effect - Solar Cells - Types of Solar cells - Solar

Modules - Blocking Diode - By-pass Diode - Solar Array - Isolation Diode - Batteries in

Solar PV Systems: Battery Types and Classifications, Battery Construction, Lead-Acid

Battery Chemistry, Battery Terminology and Performance Characteristics, Battery Charging,

General Classification of Lead-Acid Battery, Captive Electrolyte Type of Special Lead-Acid

Battery, Modern Rechargeable Batteries, Methods of Battery Charging, Battery Auxiliary

Equipment, Battery Test Equipment, Battery Maintenance, Battery Safety Considerations,

Battery Disposal, Charge Controllers/Regulators: The Shunt Regulator, Series Regulators,

Parameters of CR, Methods of Charging the Battery by CR – Inverters: Basic Principle of

operation, Parameters of Inverters, Types of Inverters


VI – 29

UNIT IV SOLAR HOME SYSTEM DESIGN AND INSTALLATION 13

Design of Solar Home System (SHS) - Selection of Solar PV module - Selection of

Battery - Selection of Charge Controller - Selection of DC/AC Inverter - Selection of DC/DC

converter - Selection of switch - Selection of the wire size for solar home system -

Installation of Solar Module - Installation of Charge Controller - Installation of Battery.

UNIT V DESIGN ASPECTS OF LARGE SOLAR 13

PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

Load Calculation – Load Table – Maximum Load current - Critical and Non-critical

Loads - Nominal System and Array Voltage - Sizing of Module /Array - Sizing of Storage

Battery - Battery Subsystem Design - Battery Bank Voltage Selection - Sizing of Charge

Regulator - Sizing of Wire/ Cable - Sizing of Inverter - Sizing of DC-DC Converter -

Installation Procedures, Safety and Protection - Line Diagram for Installation - Number of

CR and Sub-array - Module wiring on structures - Fuse and Protection Design - Installation

Steps - Safety and Lightening Protection -Danger of High Voltage and Current - Common

Risk Associated with Battery Bank.

Text Books:

1. C.P.Poole, Jr. Frank J.Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.).

2. S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company).

3. K.K. Chattopadhyay and A.N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience & Technology

4. (PHI Learning Private Limited).

5. Introduction to Nanoelectronics, V.V. Mitin, V.A. Kochelap and M.A. Stroscio,

2011,Cambridge University Press.

6. Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).

7. Introduction to Nano Machining – V.K.Jain, Narosa Publication.

8. Micro manufacturing Processes – V.K.Jain, CRC Press.

9. Unit III to Unit V Training Manual For Engineers on Solar PV System published by

Government of Nepal, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology.


VI – 30






2015

TESTING OF PLASTICS AND NANO



VI – 31




VIRUDHUNAGAR – 626 001.


III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

OF PLASTICS AND NANO COMPOSITES

PRACTICAL

ACADEMIC BOARD





COMPOSITES



VI – 32


VI – 33

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI

Course Name : TESTING OF PLASTICS AND NANO COMPOSITES

PRACTICAL



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration TESTING OF

PLASTICS AND

NANO

COMPOSITES

PRACTICAL

5 75

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

RATIONALE:

In Diploma level engineering education skill development plays a vital role. These

can be achieved by experience in handling various equipments. This is accomplished by

doing engineering related experiments in practical classes.

GUIDELINES:

� All the experiments given in the list of experiments should be completed and given

for the end term practical examination.

� In order to develop best skills in handling Instruments/Equipment and taking reading

in the practical classes, every two students should be provided with a separate

experimental setup for doing experiments in the laboratory..

� The external examiners are requested to ensure that a single experimental question

should not be given to more than five students while admitted a batch of 30 students

during Autonomous Examinations.

OBJECTIVES:

• In this practical subject, the students are required to learn the basics of analytical tests

and their determination and significance.

• This practical subject will also make the students to identify any polymers given to

them by using simple tests.

• This subject will also make the students to understand the principle, test procedure,

standards used, significance and the factors affecting the various properties of

polymers like mechanical, optical, thermal, electrical etc.,

• The students will also be well versed in polymer products testing procedure and their

importance.

• The students will also be well versed in Nano composite preparation and their

mechanical and Thermal testing procedure and their importance


VI – 34

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

Thermal, Mechanical & Electrical Properties Tests

1. Preparation of test samples using sample cutters and contour cutting machine

2. Determination of Tensile properties.

3. Determination of IZOD Impact strength

4. Determination of Hardness using Rockwell Hardness testing machine.

5. Determination of Taber Abrasion Resistance.

6. Determination of Melt Flow Index (MFI).

7. Determination of Heat Distortion Temperature (HDT).

8. Determination of Vicat Softening Temperature (VSP).

9. Determination of Break Down Voltage and Dielectric strength

Optical Properties test and Product testing

10. Determination of Light transmittance and Opacity of Plastics samples

11. Determination of Bursting Strength value of Plastic films.

12. Determination of Impact strength of Plastic films falling weight impact strength

apparatus.

13. Determination of GLOSS value of plastic samples

14. Short term and long term hydraulic tests for PVC pipes.

15. Determination of ESCR

16. Determination of Tearing strength of plastic films

17. Preparation of Nano Composites.

18. Determination of Tensile Properties of Nano Composites.

***

LIST OF EQUIPMENTS (Per batch 30 students)

1. Identification bench with required chemicals: 1 No.

2. sample cutters and contour cutting machine – 1 No

3. UTM machine – 1 No.

4. IZOD cum CHARPY Impact strength tester – 1 No.

5. Rockwell Hardness testing machine – 1 No.

6. Taber Abrasion Resistance tester – 1 No.

7. Melt Flow Index (MFI) tester – 1 No.

8. Heat Distortion Temperature (HDT)- tester – 1 No.

9. Vicat Softening Temperature (VSP) tester – 1 No.

10. Break Down Voltage and Dielectric strength tester – 1 No.

11. Opacity tester – 1No.

12. Film Bursting Strength tester – 1 No.

13. Falling weight impact strength apparatus – 1 No.

14. GLOSS meter – 1 No.

15. Short term and long term hydraulic tester for PVC pipes – 1 No.

16. ESCR apparatus – 1 No.

17. Tearing strength of plastic films tester – 1 No.


VI – 35

SCHEME OF VALUATION

PART- A: IDENTIFICATION (20 Marks)

Aim 5 Marks

Preliminary Tests 5 Marks

Confirmatory Tests 5 Marks

Result 5 Marks

Total 20 Marks

PART - B:

SAMPLE PREPARATION, THERMAL, MECHANICAL (25 Marks)

AND ELECTRICAL TESTS

Aim 5 Marks

Procedure 10 Marks

Tabular Column And Calculation 5 Marks

Result 5 Marks

Total 25 Marks

PART - C: PRODUCT TESTING (25 Marks)

Aim 5 Marks

Procedure 10 Marks

Tabular Column And Calculation 5 Marks

Result 5 Marks

Total 25 Marks

PART-D: VIVA VOCE (5 Marks)


VI – 36


VIRUDHUNAGAR




2015

PLASTICS MOULD



VI – 37






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

PLASTICS MOULD MAKING PRACTICAL

ACADEMIC BOARD


S.VELLAICHAMY NADAR





VI – 38


VI – 39

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI

Course Name : PLASTICS MOULD MAKING PRACTICAL



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration PLASTICS

MOULD

MAKING

PRACTICAL

6 90

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

RATIONALE:

In Diploma level plastics engineering education skill development in making mould

plays a vital role. This can be achieved by experience in handling various machines in tool

room. The advanced and précised machines in plastics tool room is utilized by the student to

make individual mould designed by him. These experiments enhance the ability to plan and

make the mould in available machines.

OBJECTIVE:

• Study on machines available in plastic tool room.

• Study on measuring instruments available.

• Study about mould and its components

• Design mould for given component

• Design and drawing each mold element like sprue bush, retainer plate, guide pin,

guide bush etc

• Selection of suitable machines for machining each.

• Machine one mould elements.

• Check for dimensions using measuring instruments.

• Machine all the mould elements.

• Assembling the elements.

DETAILED SYLLABUS

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Machining of Guide Pillar.

2. Machining of Guide Bush.

3. Machining of Integer Core.

4. Machining of Integer Cavity.

5. Machining of Sprue Bush.

6. Machining of Insert Core.


VI – 40

7. Machining of Insert Cavity.

8. Machining of Retainer Plate.

9. Machining of Register Ring.

10. Engraving of Letters and Numbers on mould plates (Forward & Reverse).

11. Assembly of Mould using the above mould components. (Not for End Exam).


1. Lathe : 2 Nos

2. Shaper : 2 Nos

3. Drilling machine : 1 No

4. Horizontal Milling machine : 1 No

5. Vertical Milling machine : 1 No

6. Surface Grinding machine : 1 No

7. Cylindrical Grinding machine : 1 No

8. Slotter : 1 No

9. Pantograph Engraving machine : 1 No

10. Measuring instruments : Sufficient

GUIDELINES:

Examiner should set the question paper to cover the complete syllabus. Examiner has to

ask the student to answer any one question from the lot of 10 experiments (From experiments 1

to 10). Examiner has to set the no. of questions minimum 10 even one batch of students

contains less than 10.

SCHEME OF VALUATION

Part- A

Mould Making : 70 Marks

Part- B

Viva voce : 05 Marks

TOTAL : 75 Marks




(Affiliated to Department of Technical


2015

ELECTIVE PRACTICAL II:1. COMPUTER AIDED

SOFTWARE PRACTICAL



VI – 41






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

ELECTIVE PRACTICAL II: COMPUTER AIDED PLASTICS MOULD DESIGN USING

SOFTWARE PRACTICAL - II

ACADEMIC BOARD




Education, Chennai-25)

DESIGN USING 3D



VI – 42


VI – 43

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI

Course Name : ELECTIVE PRACTICAL II:

1. COMPUTER AIDED PLASTICS MOULD DESIGN

USING 3D SOFTWARE PRACTICAL - II



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration ELECTIVE

PRACTICAL II:

1. COMPUTER

AIDED

PLASTICS

MOULD

DESIGN USING

3D SOFTWARE

PRACTICAL - II

4 60

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 8 Hrs

RATIONALE:




OBJECTIVES:

After completion of this laboratory, the students will be able design and draw with the

help of 3D Software (Pro-E / Catia /UG)

� Design of Three plate moulds.

� Design of under feed moulds.

� Design of compression moulds.

� Design of Transfer moulds.

DETAILED SYLLABUS

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Design of Three plate

2. Design of under feed mould.

3. Design of Compression mould.

4. Design of Transfer mould.

5. Design of any one of the above mould for given product 1.

6. Design of any one of the above mould for given product 2


VI – 44


1. Personal computer with latest processor to suit Pro-E / Catia /UG – 30 No’s.

2. Software requirements - 30 users.

SCHEME OF VALUATION

Part A Mould design calculation :10 Marks

Part B

Elevation :30 Marks

Part C

Plan :15 Marks

Part D

3D Assemble view :15 Marks

Part E

Viva voce :05 Marks

TOTAL :75 Marks

Note to the examiner:

1. Examiner should set the common question paper, covering all experiments for different

products.

2. Students should choose any one of the above experiments and answer as per the

requirements of the question paper.

*****





DIPLOMA IN PLASTIC

2015

ELECTIVE PRACTICAL II:

2. COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY



VI – 45






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards


COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY PRACTICAL

ACADEMIC BOARD





PRACTICAL



VI – 46


VI – 47

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI


2. COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY PRACTICAL



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration ELECTIVE

PRACTICAL II:

2. COMPOSITES

TECHNOLOGY

PRACTICAL

4 60

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

RATIONALE:




Objectives:

• This practical subject will impart the students the requisite practical knowledge in

composites processing.

• The students will acquire the practical skills to operate various polymer composites

machines like

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

Operation of the following processing machines: -

1. Hand lay up

2. Spray lay up

3. Pultrusion

4. Filament winding

5. Casting


VI – 48

II MODEL MAKING

Prepare the following models using the given Resin, Filler and the Process.

1. Model using Polyester resin, Carbon black and by Hand lay up process.

2. Model using Polyester resin, Clay and by Spray lay up process.

3. Model using Polyester resin, Glass fibre and by Pultrusion.

4. Model using Polyester resin, Chopped glass fibre and by Filament winding process.

5. Model using Polyester resin, Carbon black and by Filament winding process

6. Model using Polyester resin, Clay and by Hand lay up process

7. Model using Polyester resin, Glass fibre and by Spray lay up process

8. Model using Polyester resin, Clay and Pultrusion.

9. Model usingPolyester resin, Glass fibre and Casting

10. Model using Polyester resin, Clay Casting


1. Hand lay up process machine 1 No.

2. Spray lay up process machine – 1 No.

3. Pultrusion machine – 1 No.

4. Filament winding process machine – 1 No

5. Casting mould -- 1No

SCHEME OF VALUATION

PART- A: FRP PROCESS (30 Marks)

Aim 5 Marks

Procedure 15 Marks

Sketch 10 Marks

Total 30 Marks

PART - B: MODEL MAKING (40 Marks)

Aim 5 Marks

Procedure 15 Marks

Model making 20 Marks

Total 40 Marks

PART-D: VIVA VOCE (5 Marks)




(Affiliated to


2015


3. NANO AND SOLAR ENGINEERING PRACTICAL



VI – 49






III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards


NANO AND SOLAR ENGINEERING PRACTICAL

ACADEMIC BOARD




Department of Technical Education, Chennai-25)

NANO AND SOLAR ENGINEERING PRACTICAL



VI – 50


VI – 51

M9-SCHEME



Course Code : M9CO401

Term : VI


3. NANO AND SOLAR ENGINEERING PRACTICAL



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration ELECTIVE

PRACTICAL II:

3. NANO AND

SOLAR

ENGINERRING

PRACTICAL

4 60

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

RATIONALE:




Objectives:

• This practical subject will impart the students the requisite practical knowledge in

Nano and solar engineering.

• The students will acquire the practical skills to operate various nano and PV panel.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

PART – A

1. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles by chemical route.

2. Synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles.

3. Surface Plasmon study of metal nanoparticles by UV-Visible spectrophotometer.

4. Growth of quantum dots by thermal evaporation.

5. Fabricate a thin film of nanoparticles by spin coating (or chemical route) and study

transmittance spectra in UV-Visible region.

6. Prepare a thin film capacitor and measure capacitance as a function of temperature or

frequency.

7. Fabricate a PN diode by diffusing Al over the surface of N-type Si and study its V-I

characteristics.

8. Exercise on Fabrication of Nano Scale Patterns using Nano Lithography.


VI – 52

PART – B

1. Measurement of Solar Radiation using Solarimeter and Lux Meter.

2. I-V and P-V Characteristics of PV module with varying radiation and temperature

level.

3. I-V and P-V Characteristics of series and parallel combinations of PV modules.

4. Effect of variation in tilt angle on PV module power. Effect of Shading on the output

of Solar panel.

5. Working of diode as By pass diode and Blocking diode.

6. Power flow calculation of standalone PV system of AC load with battery.

7. Power flow calculation of standalone PV system of DC load with battery.

8. Find the MPP manually by varying the resistive load across the PV panel.

END EXAMINATION

Procedure 30 marks

Sketches 10 marks

Tabulation 10 marks

Calculation/graph 10 marks

Result 10 marks

Viva – voce - 05 marks

TOTAL - 75 marks


VI – 53

List of Equipments Nano Engineering: 1. Reaction Chamber

2. Scanning Electron Microscope

3. X- Ray Diffractometer

4. Atomic Force Microscope

5. Spin Coater

6. Vacuum Evaporator

7. Thin Film Depositor

8. Photo Lithography Equipment

Solar Engineering:

1. Standard flat plate Mono Modules 150W - 10 Nos.

2. Standard flat plate Poly crystalline Modules 150W - 10 Nos.

Thin Film Modules( amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride,

copper indium, and gallium selenide) - 1No. (each)

3. AC Modules - 2 No.

(Convert DC to AC at the modules in a self-contained unit)

4. Residential String Inverter 2000W - 1 No.

5. Transformer-less Multi string inverter 4000W - 1 No.

6. Micro Inverter 250 W - 10 Nos.

7. Residential Battery based Inverter - 1 No.

(Complete hybrid inverter/charger for off-grid, backup and

grid-interactive solar energy systems, 2kW)

8. Flooded lead acid battery 12V, 100Ah - 1No.

9. Valve regulated lead acid battery 12V, 100 Ah

10. Charge controller (PWM, MPPT) - 1No.

11. Electrical Service Equipment - 2Nos.

(residential service and distribution panel mockups for interconnecting

PV Systems (200A and 100A main panels, with main breakers)

Solar shading calculator (solar pathfinder kit, solar eye) - 2 Nos.

12. Multifunctional digital meter - 1 No.

13. Basic Multimeter - 10 Nos.

14. AC Clamp on Ammeter - 1 No.

15. DC Clamp on Ammeter - 1 no.

16. Infra red thermometer - 1 No.

17. Irradiance meter - 1 No.

18. Light meter - 1 No.

19. Lock- Out / Tag Out (LOTO) - 1 No.

20. Personal Protective Equipment - 1 Set

21. Electrician Tool kit - 1 No.

22. Refractive index hydrometer - 1 No.

23. Conductance tester - 1 No.

24. Load tester - 1 No.

25. Ladder - 1 No.

26. Power driller - 1 No.

27. Panel type voltmeter, ammeter various ranges - 10 Nos.


VI – 54






2015



VI – 55





IN PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY

III YEAR

M9 - SCHEME

VI TERM

2015 – 2016 onwards

PROJECT WORK

ACADEMIC BOARD







VI – 56


VI – 57

M9-SCHEME




Term : VI

Course Name : PROJECT WORK



Course Name


Hours /

Week

Hours /

Term Marks

Duration

PROJECT

WORK 4 60

Internal

Assessment

End

Examination Total

25 75 100 3 Hrs

OBJECTIVES: O To develop the creative talents in the students. O The project work should involve less cost, easy manufacturing technique and suitable to the real life situations.

O The project work should be useful to the mankind. O To give the students a taste of real life problem solving and thus simulate industrial environment within the polytechnic.

O To develop those abilities that cannot be developed by normal class room situations such as group work, sharing responsibility, initiate, creativity etc

. Internal Assessment Marks

Project Review I (4th Week) 10

Project Review II (10th Week) 10

Attendance 5 Total 25

Note: - O The selection of Project work should be carried out in V term itself. O The Project committee’s approval should be obtained prior to the executing of project.

O Periodical assessment should be carried out from V term.

O The students’ batch size should not exceed 6 Nos. O The students should maintain a logbook of the work carried out by them.

The internal assessment marks will be given based on the work carried out by the

students as per the logbook

Details of Mark allocation Max Marks

Marks for Report Preparation, Demo, Viva-voce 65 Marks for answers of 4 questions which is to be set by the external examiner from the given question bank consisting of questions in the following two topics Environmental Management and Disaster Management. Out of four questions two questions to appear from each of the above topics i.e. 2 questions x 2 topics = 4 questions: 4 questions x 2 ½ marks = 10 Marks

10

Total 75


VI – 58

DETAILED SYLLABUS

ENVIRONMENTAL & DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Introduction – Environmental Ethics – Assessment of Socio Economic Impact –

Environmental Audit – Mitigation of adverse impact on Environment – Importance of

Pollution Control – Types of Industries and Industrial Pollution. Solid waste management – Characteristics of Industrial wastes – Methods of Collection,

transfer and disposal of solid wastes – Converting waste to energy – Hazardous waste

management Treatment technologies. Waste water management – Characteristics of Industrial effluents – Treatment and disposal

methods – Pollution of water sources and effects on human health. Air pollution management – Sources and effects – Dispersion of air pollutants – Air pollution

control methods – Air quality management. Noise pollution management – Effects of noise on people – Noise control methods.

2. DISASTER MANAGEMENT Introduction – Disasters due to natural calamities such as Earthquake, Rain, Flood, Hurricane,

Cyclones etc – Man made Disasters – Crisis due to fires, accidents, strikes etc – Loss of

property and life.. Disaster Mitigation measures – Causes for major disasters – Risk Identification – Hazard

Zones – Selection of sites for Industries and residential buildings – Minimum distances from

Sea – Orientation of Buildings – Stability of Structures – Fire escapes in buildings -

Cyclone shelters – Warning systems. Disaster Management – Preparedness, Response, Recovery – Arrangements to be made in the

industries / factories and buildings – Mobilization of Emergency Services - Search and

Rescue operations – First Aids – Transportation of affected people – Hospital facilities – Fire

fighting arrangements – Communication systems – Restoration of Power supply – Getting

assistance of neighbors / Other organizations in Recovery and Rebuilding works – Financial

commitments – Compensations to be paid – Insurances – Rehabilitation.

LIST OF QUESTIONS

1. ENVIRONMENTRAL MANAGEMENT 1. What is the responsibility of an Engineer-in-charge of an Industry with respect to

Public Health? 2. Define Environmental Ethic. 3. How Industries play their role in polluting the environment? 4. What is the necessity of pollution control? What are all the different organizations

you know, which deal with pollution control?


VI – 59

5. List out the different types of pollutions caused by a Chemical / Textile / Leather /

Automobile / Cement factory. 6. What is meant by Hazardous waste? 7. Define Industrial waste management. 8. Differentiate between garbage, rubbish, refuse and trash based on their composition

and source. 9. Explain briefly how the quantity of solid waste generated in an industry could be

reduced. 10. What are the objectives of treatments of solid wastes before disposal? 11. What are the different methods of disposal of solid wastes? 12. Explain how the principle of recycling could be applied in the process of waste

minimization. 13. Define the term ‘Environmental Waste Audit’. 14. List and discuss the factors pertinent to the selection of landfill site. 15. Explain the purpose of daily cover in a sanitary landfill and state the minimum

desirable depth of daily cover. 16. Describe any two methods of converting waste into energy. 17. What actions, a local body such as a municipality could take when the agency

appointed for collecting and disposing the solid wastes fails to do the work

continuously for number of days? 18. Write a note on Characteristics of hazardous waste. 19. What is the difference between municipal and industrial effluent ? 20. List few of the undesirable parameters / pollutants anticipated in the effluents from

oil refinery industry / thermal power plants / textile industries / woolen mills / dye

industries / electroplating industries / cement plants / leather industries (any two may be asked)

21. Explain briefly the process of Equalization and Neutralization of waste water of

varying characteristics discharged from an Industry. 22. Explain briefly the Physical treatments “Sedimentation” and “Floatation” processes in

the waste water treatment. 23. Explain briefly when and how chemical / biological treatments are given to the waste

water. 24. List the four common advanced waste water treatment processes and the pollutants

they remove. 25. Describe refractory organics and the method used to remove them from the effluent. 26. Explain biological nitrification and de-nitrification. 27. Describe the basic approaches to land treatment of Industrial Effluent. 28. Describe the locations for the ultimate disposal of sludge and the treatment steps

needed prior to ultimate disposal.


VI – 60

29. List any five Industries, which act as the major sources for Hazardous Air Pollutants. 30. List out the names of any three hazardous air pollutants and their effects on human

health. 31. Explain the influence of moisture, temperature and sunlight on the severity of air

pollution effects on materials. 32. Differentiate between acute and chronic health effects from Air pollution. 33. Define the term Acid rain and explain how it occurs. 34. Discuss briefly the causes for global warming and its consequences 35. Suggest suitable Air pollution control devices for a few pollutants and sources. 36. Explain how evaporative emissions and exhaust emissions are commonly controlled. 37. What are the harmful elements present in the automobile smokes? How their presence

could be controlled? 38. What is the Advantage of Ozone layer in the atmosphere? State few reasons for its

destruction. 39. Explain the mechanism by which hearing damage occurs. 40. List any five effects of noise other than hearing damage. 41. Explain why impulsive noise is more dangerous than steady state noise. 42. Explain briefly the Source – Path – Receiver concept of Noise control. 43. Where silencers or mufflers are used ? Explain how they reduce the noise. 44. Describe two techniques to protect the receiver from hearing loss when design / redress

for noise control fail. 45. What are the problems faced by the people residing along the side of a railway track

and near to an Airport? What provisions could be made in their houses to reduce the

problem?

2. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 1. What is meant by Disaster Management? What are the different stages of Disaster

management? 2. Differentiate Natural Disasters and Man made Disasters with examples. 3. Describe the necessity of Risk identification and Assessment Surveys while planning a

project. 4. What is Disasters recovery and what does it mean to an Industry? 5. What are the factors to be considered while planning the rebuilding works after a major

disaster due to flood / cyclone / earthquake? (Any one may be asked) 6. List out the public emergency services available in the state, which could be

approached for help during a natural disaster. 7. Specify the role played by an Engineer in the process of Disaster management. 8. What is the cause for Earthquakes? How they are measured? Which parts of India are

more vulnerable for frequent earthquakes?


VI – 61

9. What was the cause for the Tsunami 2004 which inflicted heavy loss to life and

property along the coast of Tamilnadu ? Specify its epicenter and magnitude. 10. Specify the Earthquake Hazard Zones in which the following towns of Tamilnadu lie:

(a) Chennai (b) Nagapattinam (c) Coimbatore (d) Madurai (e) Salem. 11. Which parts of India are experiencing frequent natural calamities such as (a) heavy rain

fall (b) huge losses due to floods (c) severe cyclones 12. Define basic wind speed. What will be the peak wind speed in (a) Very high damage

risk zone – A, (b) High damage risk zone, (c) Low damage risk zone. 13. Specify the minimum distance from the Sea shore and minimum height above the mean

sea level, desirable for the location of buildings. 14. Explain how the topography of the site plays a role in the disasters caused by floods

and cyclones. 15. Explain how the shape and orientation of buildings could reduce the damages due to

cyclones. 16. What is a cyclone shelter ? When and where it is provided ? What are its requirements? 17. What Precautionary measures have to be taken by the authorities before opening a dam

for discharging the excess water into a canal/river ? 18. What are the causes for fire accidents ? Specify the remedial measures to be taken in

buildings to avoid fire accidents. 19. What is a fire escape in multistoried buildings ? What are its requirements ? 20. How the imamates of a multistory building are to be evacuted in the event of a

fire/Chemical spill/Toxic Air Situation/ Terrorist attack, (any one may be asked). 21. Describe different fire fighting arrangements to be provided in an Industry. 22. Explain the necessity of disaster warning systems in Industries. 23. Explain how rescue operations have to be carried out in the case of collapse of

buildings due to earthquake / blast / Cyclone / flood. 24. What are the necessary steps to be taken to avoid dangerous epidemics after a flood

disaster? 25. What relief works that have to be carried out to save the lives of workers when the

factory area is suddenly affected by a dangerous gas leak / sudden flooding ? 26. What are the difficulties faced by an Industry when there is a sudden power failure?

How such a situation could be managed? 27. What are the difficulties faced by the Management when there is a group clash between

the workers? How such a situation could be managed? 28. What will be the problems faced by the management of an Industry when a worker dies

because of the failure of a mechanical device due to poor maintenance? How to

manage such a situation ? 29. What precautionary measures have to be taken to avoid accidents to labourers in the

Industry in a workshop / during handling of dangerous Chemicals / during construction

of buildings / during the building maintenance works.


VI – 62

30. Explain the necessity of medical care facilities in an Industry / Project site. 31. Explain the necessity of proper training to the employees of Industries dealing with

hazardous products, to act during disasters. 32. What type of disaster is expected in coal mines, cotton mills, Oil refineries, ship yards

and gas plants? 33. What is meant by Emergency Plan Rehearsal? What are the advantages of such

Rehearsals? 34. What action you will take when your employees could not reach the factory site

because of continuous strike by Public Transport workers? 35. What immediate actions you will initiate when the quarters of your factory workers are

suddenly flooded due to the breach in a nearly lake / dam, during heavy rain? 36. What steps you will take to avoid a break down when the workers union of your

Industry have given a strike notice? 37. List out few possible crisis in an organization caused by its workers? What could be the

part of the middle level officials in managing such crisis? 38. What types of warning systems are available to alert the people in the case of predicted

disasters, such as floods, cyclone etc. 39. Explain the necessity of Team work in the crisis management in an Industry / Local

body. 40. What factors are to be considered while fixing compensation to the workers in the case

of severe accidents causing disability / death to them? 41. Explain the legal / financial problems the management has to face if safely measures

taken by them are found to be in adequate. 42. Describe the importance of insurance to men and machinery of an Industry dealing

with dangerous jobs. 43. What precautions have to be taken while storing explosives in a match/ fire crackers

factory? 44. What are the arrangements required for emergency rescue works in the case of Atomic

Power Plants? 45. Why residential quarters are not constructed nearer to Atomic Power Plants?

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vi term - vsvn polytechnic virudhunagar technology/pdf/vi team.pdff.w. taylor’s and henry...

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