vibration measurement in the cryogenic …...vibration measurement in the cryogenic interferometric...
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Vibration measurement in the cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector (CLIO interferometer)
ICRR Univ. of Tokyo, Dept. of geophysics Kyoto UniversityA,KEKB, Dept. of advanced materials science Univ. of TokyoC,Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd.D
K. Yamamoto, T. Uchiyama, S. Miyoki, M. Ohashi, K. Kuroda,H. HayakawaA, T. TomaruB, N. SatoB, T. SuzukiB, T. HaruyamaB,A. YamamotoB, T. ShintomiB, S. MoriwakiC, Y. IkushimaD,T. KoyamaD, R. LiD
2006 March 28 The meeting of Physical Society of Japan @Matsuyama University
0. Abstract
Measurement of the vibration
at the top of suspension and inner shield of CLIO interferometer
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Outline of experiment
3. Results
4. Future works
5. Summary
1. Introduction
LCGT and CLIO : future and current Japanese project
to construct the interferometric gravitational wave detector
(1) Cryogenic interferometer (20 K) : reduction of thermal noise
(2) Kamioka mine : small seismic noise Cryocooler
Vibration
Measurement of vibration with operating cryocooler is necessary.
Schematic view of cryogenic apparatus Vacuum chamber (300 K)
Outer shield (100 K)
Inner shield (8 K)
Mirror (20 K)
Intermediate mass (10 K)
X
Cryocooler (4 K)
(1)Top of suspension (300 K)
(2)Shield (8 K)
Measurement point
(1)Top of suspension (300 K, vacuum) (2)Shield(8K, vacuum)
Heat link
CLIO cryostatin Kamioka mine
Kamioka mine (LCGT,CLIO site)220km west from Tokyo
Tokyo (TAMA)
Kamioka220km
2. Outline of experiment
We are here.
2-1. Location
80K Pulse tubecryocooler
Beam splitter(100m ahead)
Gifford-McMahon refrigerator(removal)
by T. Uchiyama
ShieldCompressor
Mirror
Top of suspension(room temperature, vacuum, 1.9 m from floor, support of four poles)
4K Pulse tubecryocooler
Pulse tube cryocooler : extremely small vibration(developed by KEK and Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd.)Class. Quantum Grav. 21(2004)S1005.
2-2. Cryostat of CLIO interferometer (end)
Inner shield(low temperature, vacuum, 0.6 m from floor, support of G10 rods)
Cryostat of CLIO interferometer
Top roof
Door
Top of suspension
Cryostat of CLIO interferometer
Top roof
Door
Inner shield
Bottom of shield
Duct
BeamSplitter(fixed)
Lasersource(diode)
PhotoDetector
Differential amp Filter
ReferenceMirror(fixed)
Steeringmirror
+
Vacuum chamber
Output
Oscillator
2-3. Accelerometer
5 mW
635 nm
(Laser source and photo detectors are in vacuum chamber. Sound does not affect accelerometer directly.)
PhotoDetector
Only room temperature
Observation band
< 400 Hz (horizontal)< 250 Hz (vertical)
Accelerometer
Laser source
Photo detectors
Coil
BeamSplitter
Oscillator
Referencemirror
145 mm
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
10 / [m/Hz ]
-9 2f1/2
Top of suspension(Horizontal) Pulse,pump on
(2005/3/10:first) Pump on
(2005/3/10:second) Off
(2005/2/3:second) Kashiwa
(2004/8/6:second)
3. Results
(Horizontal:optical axis)
< 200 HzCryocoolers and pump
not increasedovibration.
Vertical : similar
3-1. Top of suspension
> 200 HzCryocoolers and pump
increase vibration.
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
10 / [m/Hz ]
-9 2f1/2
Shield (Horizontal) Pulse on
(2005/10/6) Pump on
(2005/10/5) Off
(2005/10/4) Kashiwa
(2004/8/6:second)
(Horizontal:optical axis)
Cryocoolers and pumpsnot increasedo
vibration.
3-2. Inner shield
G10 rods > 200 Hz
vibration isolation
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
10 / [m/Hz ]-9 2f 1/2
Shield (Vertical) Pulse on
(2005/10/13:second) Pump on
(2005/10/13:first) Off
(2005/10/12) Kashiwa
(2004/8/16:first)
Cryocoolers : peaks
3-3. Inner shield (Vertical)
G10 rods
Vacuum pumpsincrease vibration.
> 200 Hz
vibration isolation
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
10 / [m/Hz ]
-9 2f1/2
Horizontal motion Top of suspension
(2005/2/3:second) Inner shield
(2005/10/4:first) Floor (RION)
(Perpendicular end 2005/5/10)
Kashiwa (2004/8/6:second)
(Horizontal:Optical axis)
: 30 Hz
3-4. Comparison with floor
Suspension toppeak
Inner shield
Floor 10 / f [m/Hz ]-9 2 1/2
10 Hz - 200 Hz100 times
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
10 / [m/Hz ]
-9 2f1/2
Vertical motion Top of suspension
(2005/6/8:first) Inner shield
(2005/10/12:first) Floor (RION)
(Inline end 2005/5/11)
Kashiwa (2004/8/16:first)
(Vertical)
: 30 Hz, 40 Hz
3-5. Comparison with floor
Suspension top
peak
Inner shield
Floor10 / f [m/Hz ]-9 2 1/2
10 Hz - 200 Hz10 times
10-21
10-20
10-19
10-18
10-17
10-16
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
100 101 102 103 104
Frequency [Hz]
by T. Uchiyama
Noise budget of CLIO From top of suspension From inner shield Shot noise Radiation pressure noise Standard quantum limit Thermal noise (mirror) Thermal noise (mirror at 300K)
3-6. Sensitivity of CLIO
External vibration doesnot limit sensitivityabove 40 Hz at 300 K.
< 40 Hz
Suspension topdominant
interferometer
above 60 Hz at 20 K.
4. Future works (For LCGT)
(1) Cryocooler : no serious problem
(2) Vacuum pump : some problems (inner shield, vertical motion)
(Dry pump) < (Rotary and turbo pump)
Connection with cryostat
(3) Suspension top : peak (30 Hz)
SAS
(4) Inner shield : large vibration (10 Hz - 200 Hz)
SPI
Study of inner shield vibration
5. Summary
(1) Measurement of the vibration at top of suspension and
inner shield of CLIO interferometer
(2) Cryocooler : no serious problem
Vacuum pump : some problems (inner shield, vertical motion)
(3) Suspension top : peak (30 Hz)
Inner shield : large vibration (10 Hz - 200 Hz : 10 - 100 times)
(4) CLIO interferometer sensitivity :
External vibration does not limit sensitivity above 40 Hz at 300 K.
above 60 Hz at 20 K.
(5) Future works for LCGT : Vacuum pump
Inner shield vibration
Super KAMIOKANDEKamLAND
(LISM[20m])
CLIO[100m]
CLIO Location in Kamioka mine
Dark Matter Detector
Location of experimentSuperconductinggravimeter
(KAMIOKANDE)
Exit
Inline
Perpendicular
Dry pump
Dry pump
Turbo pump
Duct of CLIOinterferometer Cryostat
To rotary pump
4K Pulse tube refrigerator
80K Pulse tube refrigerator
Compressor
Gifford-McMahonrefrigerator
thermal switch
低振動冷凍機システムの構成
床/岩盤床/岩盤
バルブ台バルブ台
コンプレッサーコンプレッサー
ベローズベローズ 高純度金属撚線高純度金属撚線
x
g支持枠支支
持持枠枠
^
e
真空容器真真
空空容容器器
FRP Rod Rod
冷却部80K
冷却部4K
Cryostatとととと接接接接続続続続
SHI SRP-052A 段パルス管冷凍機2
2. Outline of Experiment2-1. Outline of accelerometer
Free mass
Sensor
Actuator
Force
Acceleration
(i) Free mass : reference
(ii) Sensor : displacement between free mass and shield
(iii) Actuator : feedback
Mass follows shield.
Shield
Acceleration of shield is derived from feedback signal.
Horizontal and vertical vibration measurementGoal sensitivity : Seismic motion in Kamioka mine
2-2. Components of accelerometer
(iii) Actuator : Coil-magnet actuator (Operation at low temperature)
(i) Free mass : Mechanical harmonic oscillator
20 mm length0.3 mm thickness1 mm width
Material : Phosphor bronze
Resonant frequency : 20 Hz
20 mm * 20 mm *20 mm
(ii) Sensor : Michelson interferometer (Calibration)
Vertical oscillator
Referencemirror
BS
Oscillator
Coil
Steeringmirrorholder
Accelerometer
Interferometer
Lasersource
Beam splitter of CLIO
Top of suspension
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
10-1 100 101 102 103 104 105
Frequency [Hz]
Interferometer noise Horizontal, Top of suspensionpulse, pump off
interferometer noise(2005/3/16:third)
seismic motion(2005/2/3:second)
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
10-1 100 101 102 103 104 105
Frequency [Hz]
Interferometer noise Top of suspensionVertical, off
interferometer noise (2005/7/7:second)
seismic motion (off:2005/6/8:first)
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
10-1 100 101 102 103 104 105
Frequency [Hz]
Noise of interferometer (off)Top of suspension
vertical(2005/7/7:second) horizontal(2005/3/16:third)
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
1022 4 6 8
1032 4 6 8
1042 4 6 8
105
Frequency [Hz]
Top of suspensionHorizontal
pulse,pump on (2005/3/10:first)
pump on (2005/3/10:second)
pulse,pump off (2005/2/3:second)
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
1022 4 6 8
1032 4 6 8
1042 4 6 8
105
Frequency [Hz]
Suspension top (Vertical) Pulse on
(2005/6/14:second) Pump on
(2005/6/8:third) Off
(2005/6/8:first)
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
Seis
mic
mot
ion
[m/H
z1/2 ]
1022 4 6 8
1032 4 6 8
1042 4 6 8
105
Frequency [Hz]
Top of suspensionHorizontal motion
pulse,pump on (2005/3/10:first)
pulse,pump off (2005/2/3:second)
fixed mirror (on) (2005/3/16:first)
fixed mirror (off) (2005/3/16:third)
3-2. Horizontal motion(optical axis:>100Hz)
>400HzUpper limit
Refrigerator increases vibration100 times (1 kHz).
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
1022 4 6 8
1032 4 6 8
1042 4 6 8
105
Frequency [Hz]
Suspension top (Vertical) Pulse on
(2005/6/14:second) Off
(2005/6/8:first) fixed mirror(Pulse on)
(2005/7/8:first) fixed mirror(Off)
(2005/7/7:second)
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
10-1 100 101 102 103 104 105
Frequency [Hz]
10 / [m/Hz ]
-9 2f1/2
Vertical motion pulse on
(2005/6/14:second) pulse,pump off
(2005/6/8:first) pump on
(2005/6/8:third) Kashiwa
(2004/8/16:first)
3-2. Vertical motion(< 1 kHz)
floor level (1 Hz-70 Hz)
10 / f [m/Hz ]-9 2 1/2
< 200 HzCryocoolers
not increasedovibration seriously.
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
Seis
mic
mot
ion
[m/H
z1/2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
10 /f[m/Hz ]
-9 2
1/2
Vertical motion pulse,pump on
(2005/3/18:second) pulse,pump off
(2005/3/18:first) CLIK end
(2004/8/16:first)
3-3. Vertical motion(< 1 kHz)
10 /f [m/Hz ]-9 2 1/2
floor level (1 Hz-100 Hz)
Refrigeratordoes not increase
< 200 Hz
vibration seriously.
Cryostat
RION
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
Seis
mic
mot
ion
[m/H
z1/2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
GM refrigerator (Horizontal motion)
GM on (2005/1/21:second)
pulse,pump on (2005/3/10:first)
CLIK end (2004/8/6:second)
3-5.Gifford-McMahon refrigerator(Horizontal motion)
GM refrigeratorinceases vibration.
30 Hz-400 HzKashiwa level !
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Seis
mic
mot
ion
[m/H
z1/2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
Seismic motion CLIK (Kashiwa) end
pump off (2004/3/13) optical table (2004/2/21)
3-2. Operation at room temperature (2)
- 30 Hz : about
30 Hz -100 Hz :
same
larger motion
100 Hz - : in cryostat
better sound isolationin cryostat
(Cryostat vs optical table)
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Seis
mic
mot
ion
[m/H
z1/2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
Consistent(0.2 Hz - 100 Hz)
Horizontal seismic motion in cryostat (2004/8/5:in air:Kashiwa)
Interferometer RION
3. Results3-1. Operation at room temperature3-1-1. Comparison with RION
(i) Horizontal motion
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Seis
mic
mot
ion
[m/H
z1/2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
Consistent(0.3 Hz - 100 Hz)
Vertical seismic motion in cryostat (2004/8/14:in air:Kashiwa)
Interferometer RION
(ii) Vertical motion
10-15
10-14
10-13
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Frequency [Hz]
Shield of CLIO cryostatHorizontal,perpendicular endpump,PT off
Interferometer (2005/11/30)
RION(2005/11/30)
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
Dis
plac
emen
t [m
/Hz1/
2 ]
0.12 4 6 8
12 4 6 8
102 4 6 8
100Frequency [Hz]
Shield of CLIO cryostat 2005/10/4(pump,PT off) 2005/10/4(50m pump on)
Duct
Rotary pumpTurbo pump
50 m pump