1861,
author's
names has been
or Poems of Hassan ibn Thabit, recently
published
in
the
Gibb
few cases
Oxford,
for
regard
fight
—
Style
Devil's
Corner
(Place
of
Throwing
Siones)
incomparably
less
whether
they
history
alone,
or
to
history
deriving
its
certainty.
The
narrative
hand.^
These
divine
102nd,
103rd
Siiras,
or
of
God.
2
The
then
closed
he
would
take
important parts,
tenacity of the
tions
of
some
one
certain
that,
(unlearned)
is
held
to
Some
'what
it
could
be
recited
task.
Passionately
the
Arabs
had
highest
pitch;
and
assume that the entire
repeated in any fixed order. The
present
parts
compilation,
Muslims to follow
revelations
were
cast
promiscuously into a chest, is not borne out by any good authority that I
have
met
with.
repeat the Kor'an
was of right
post
ordinarily
implying
contents
of
the
several
There was
worship)
of
remembering which
Sura the
Prophet had
Suras
yet composed of
it
mouth of
must, no
doubt, have
in some
in driblets,
and even
direct
his
amanuensis
to
enter
a
subject.'
This,
if
on
composition,
Joseph,
Sura
xii.
having
been
guilty
merely
as
formed
taken
at
Bedr
were
safely
inferred
that
or
more
of
his
°f
they carried
the
certainly
that
they
must
have
multiplied
exceedingly
of
evanescent
interest,
;
down the
shrank
we now find
used
who
had
warred
letters
were
recorded
on
Islam.
Contending
and
embittered
by
Sura
xi.
2)
error
and
variety
of
reading
by
a
revision,
it
is
of the
Arabic tongue,
the
integrity
might
be
that
are
still
in
existence.
The
copy
which
the
Caliph
Syria.
with
the
Kor'an
in
immaterial.
This
almost
incredible
to
be
burned
; but
these
Some
him,
are
now
to
the
present
day.
which
I
do
not
or
the
Lord.
A
similar
of impiety, we
and for
with
every
extant
fragment ;
and
therefore,
by
sentences,
or
words
omitted
by
the
compilers,
trivial
acts
and
sayings
of
remains
and
place
far as
allow that the
in
domains of
Islam, before
force of
Mohaniniad's
the
origin
intermediate
affairs.
be
sketched
as
follows.
After
up
the
intervals
of
active
long
as
a
Paradise
more
gigantic
proportions.
lapse
of the
witjj^
a
superstitious
a
the
thus
taken
up
by
their
Successon
followers,
lore
to the
a
first
step,
conquered
from
Arabs
was
found
be
limited
to
years of
age at
the Prophet's
the
time
for
cases
bound
biography
yet
took
delivery
child-
i.)
and
they
modern biographies
utterly
uncritical,
they
propagated
afterwards.
But
the
evidence
in
favour
way
from
them.
To
prove,
therefore,
down
in
writing.
The
rests
in
this
of the
handed it
in
the
memories
our
niedium
us
and
Mohammad.
The
transmitted
through
the
approaching
days
which, ending
Tradition.
For
although
was
terminated
by
progenitor,
of
succession
in
favour
Such
practice,
of
the
peculiar
favourite
of
Heaven.
Omeiyads,
went
the
length
of
scandalous
[^^^^
after.
Subsequent
sectaries
right
of
anyone
were
safe
from
criti-
cism
presumptive
evidence.
of
his
patrons;
and
that,
while
lauding
their
ancestors,
he
sought
to
stigmatise
scenes
of
Islam.
—
orthodox
believers
asserted
the
freedom
of
mortals,
and
as
to
which (excepting
aside the
ascent.
gathered
narrators
forming
the
chain
and genuine shape.
material may
be gathered
Mohammadan
criti-
cism.
To
quote
again
from
Dr
Weil
traditions, and
many
years'
sifting,
that
out
of
600,000
islamigues,
only
2,000
free
investigation
into
the
doubt
in
doing
that
which
they
be
admitted
that
ence
to
any
tradition ;
but
they
at
emissary
of
attested by a
transmission
to
Prophet's
Companions,
is
of them personages
readily
conceded.
traditions
are
guarantee of sincerity.
the direct
he
had
listened
much
allowed
to
be
credible
tradition,
tradition
selected
compilations,
and
inquire
whether
point
of
view,
and
descent
throughout
effect an
from the
A
record
would
channel.
That
Islam
early
history.
The
critical
tally.
The
statements
and
variety of
individually
Moreover, such
simple narration
uniform,
that
we
are
at
a
loss
points
on
which
the
probability
tradition, must be limited also. The
great
majority
were
young
impress
to
term of
of Mohammad's age
neighbours
is
worthless
ground
of
admit
an
exception
for
the
Exception
main
outlines
of
yet
a
allowed
in
favour
of
Public
public
events,
at
than any
of the
:
'
find more and
the minutest
venes
between
Mohammad's
statements
might
have
de
la souvenir des ancetres.
Elle prenait sa source
dans un sentiment de
opposition
to
Mohammad,
became
and
fought
under
 
luckless offender for
early
Muslim
society
friends, and servants. Interminable
Prophet,
and
especially
those
his
familiar
acquaintance,
the
envied
in the
aspirant.^
be
and to
upon her father
likely
to
be
ran
blistered and white.'
The same principle
carries
so
far
as
not even oil
it
is
recorded :
He
place
fictitious statement,
and the
purity
of
tradition.
The tradition
would often
originated, and
story would
of the party
prescriptive
considera-
existence to party
society.
on
darkened
the
Arabs
that
Mohammad
the rivalries of
the Keis and
the remainder
disclaims
assumes to be
excited
left
of
warriors
of
flesh
blood
stories
either
pfd'scnm-
of
analytical
criticism.^
E.
lay
in
cessation. A frequent
which
immediately
distend
with
milk
thereby
facts were fabricated
true and
evidence, the
childish tales and
powers.
When
the
Prophet
ventured
to
The
Adventures
of
anticipations
of
his
so that
wide
and
most
the legendary history
assurances
that
his
system
was
in
close
correspondence
with
to
disprove
them
would
be
difficult
and
dangerous.
Supposing
that
they
powers were
of
is
Tebuk,
Mohammad
prayed
for
rain,
which
from
my
tent,
to
his relation
a question, and
the Prophet,
time
I
first
believed
eye-
witnesses
of
it
during
the
Prophet's
life,
but
after
information,
assert
that
pure silver.
states
that
himself
in
the
Yemen.
One
set
of
of
by
different
authorities
variously,
as
17,
others say
smell of
will not look upon him who dyes his
hair black.'
his in:imediate
which
first
century.
B.
size
and
material
of
the
from
Al-Wakidi
that
of his expedition
from the
itself.
within sight
of the
to clothe with
or
an
insult
tion far
more authentic
unfortunately of
that
ordinary
traditions
were
and
that,
an occasional
of
the
Church,
32.
See
succeeding
be
preserved
with
political
may be placed,
sometimes
or
tribe
which
sent
^
there
would,
fix
with
the
Prophet's
rise
on the other hand, quite
possible
that
in his
whom,
by
I presume
descended
Yet
'
should
narrative
MUSA IBN 'Okba
referred
died
A.H.
188,
and
of the third
exist.
or
less
of
intelligible
induces
the
same
Yahya
ibn
legal
doctrines. ...
It
of
Moham-
extract
Suhaili, in
was com-
posed in
the year
person who
now
so
suspicion upon him
the
'Abbasids.
He
enjoyed
their
patronage,
A.H. •jo'j
up to
Ibn
into
German
into
German
by
Gustav
Weil,
1864.]
by
the
the subject of
his veracity. Al-Ma'mun
testified a high
original
Prophet,' a
of
his
master,
and
through
the complete
a
tion
Medina, and of
detached
traditions,
which
gathered together,
continually
with
side
by
compilation
second
century,
any
extant
Moham-
madan
They are,
we find in Ibn
their
con-
temporaries.
They
were received,
of
This
rare
MS.
having
transcript,
sulted. There
to
pub-
deals
with
the
life
of
Mohammad
down
to
Both
Muslim
era.
The
following
fine
works
on
various
subjects,
Prophet's
death.
Of
only
through
an
untrustworthy
Persian
translation,
Secretary, the
marked
bearing
described
by
Sprenger
the
known
to
trustworthy,
but
The
as
character of a
and have
the
India
Office
now being
printed at
biography
Our
early
the
northern,
of
which
the
lofty
mountains
whence
the
of
reddish
to be
laved by
of
the
chief
up
the
Arabia,
stretching
In
this
perennial
the
soil
streams
which,
have given
to it
are few
from
the
from the
and
elsewhere.
emigrations
from
to Central Arabia, and
Yemen,
to
the
present
day
Bab el Mandcb, rest only on
probable
conjecture.
These
accurate
Syrian desert,
Roman, the
latter to
those
of
western
history.
Thus,
'Odheina
and
Zebba
of
endeavoured
to
escape
historians, in the
adherents
of
the
cloud their troops
was
not
of
Persia.
The
Ghassanid
the
maurand^
523
with
were lighted, and the martyrs cast into the flames. Tradi-
tion
An
the
tradition,
condition
of
the
teaching,
and
Judaism
and
but
a
remote
influence
upon
Arabian
affairs
the
prospects
of
Christianity
tribes. But
The
prestige
ancient Himyarite
history
centuries
of
Christian
the
Jewish
aspect,
by the feeble
worship of Mecca held
native tribes
doctrines
admitted
Judaism
were
even
more
of
Mecca
was
;
scrutiny
and
upward
movement.
No
doubt,
many
an
Arab
heart,
before
Arabia
obstinately
casually
heard
it
many
an
aspiring
intellect,
as
the
into shape
g^ate
doctrine,
there
any
considerable
portions
whole
of
Arabia,
Pagan,
Jew,
steps with docile
o^ the
In
the
agony
of
thirst
she
Merwa,
seeking
for
water.
a
divine
command
received
the
Jews)
in
history
to
which
it
Koreishite
Christian
of fiction,
there may
of
1
At-Tabari,
i.
270
ff.,
1130
ff.
Kosai
as-
sumes
gov-
ernment
numerous
tribes
migrating
(as
but
a
remnant,
called
swords
a
bold
adventurer
of
; and
was mounted
administered
with
princely
adds that 'his ordinances were obeyed and venerated, as
people
obey
and
venerate
at
in
the
acts,
with
hasty
steps
seven
times
Mecca.^
He
likewise
commanded such
universal homage.
no trace of its
essential
concomitants
its
Black
Stone,
men
carrying
a
stone
from
the
Ka'ba
they
adored
every
goodly
stone
they
rise to
took its
conaled
^^rahamic
acknowledged fact
strengthened by
modification
of
the
local
Abraham.
The
Jews
were
Hijaz. The
source
the Safa and
were
flung
by
the
pilgrims
as
if
Supreme
Being,
to
whom
gods
and
idols
any of the
directly
common use, or at
Similarly
hand
of
Mohammad.
of
Arabia.
own
wish
or
The
share in
public opinion
movements
of
Pilgrimage, that the Chiefs of Mecca
differed
from
the
Sheikhs
a
more
regular
and
the
own
eldest son, *Abd
after
;
The
Emperor a
was
opulent,
and
he
expended
for
her.
She
upon
Hashim, dying a few
pass
with
and exclaimed,
In
this
incident
al-Muttalib,
by
which
destitute
of
power
and
influence
Al-Muttalib
fetches
his
nephew
scattered
the
with
of
their
common
and the
into plates of
the
virtual
over
The fatal
must needs
be fulfilled,
They came to
at
mutually
pledged
their
faith,
The
viceroy
of
;
the invasion,
could find.
offered
his
designs
against
their
Meanwhile
coupled
with
observances
imposed
upon
the
multitude
vigorous
people,
included
the
humiliation
soliciting
from
was
active
and
vigorous,
ful influence
for
the
Ka'ba,
which
'
least
the
other
way.
to
have
exceeded
in
The
birth
now
proceed.
^
border,
lies
traveller
Mecca, and
pursuing still
an eastward
At-Ta'if comes
verdure, and
appetite, for
peaches and
foliage,
and
^^^^^
rugged
peaks
shoot
upwards
in
grand
most
lofty
warmth
and
suffocating
closeness.^
Such
is
hill of the
the
Merwa,
an
the holy
surrounding
rocks,
a
distant
kinsman
descended
from
Ziihra,
brother
married
Halah,
the
not yet
by
Caussin
de
Perceval,
men
New Testament,
became a
after her son,
child
fortune,
but
childhood
appearance of her
:
'
carried
the
child
There
her,
and
she
could
her
in
the
search
Sa'd. At
;
Beni
Sa'd.'
marriage
with
Khadlja.
nursed
Sheima was brought in
that
know
the
truth
of
a
time
when
a visit
notwithstanding
his
they
had
meditative
character
by
which
the
desolation
my
mother
I wept.'
Talib, who, finding
himself too poor
to discharge the
his younger
brother A1-'
position
by Mohammad
and go with him
of childhood.
•
!•
belonging
deeper
colouring,
from
the
vivid
pictures
us to 'Sacrilegi-
The successful
to the
been about
to
calm
the
excited
'
preserved
for
several
despatched
to
the
chieftain.
Another
chief,
in charge
booty.
The
dissatisfied
a one?'—
the
Hawazin
and
urgent
The
news
of
the
murder
began
hot
pursuit.
Koreish
their
blood,
ing
and
for
opportunities of
thus
annu-
ally
his
great
catholic
design
Arabia
were
all
'' hiqHirers'
less
disdainfully
did
League
tion
divided
among
the
various
separate
tribes
neglected
to
punish
its
Muttalib. The
or
any
other
employed,
like
other
Moses
and
David.
On
one
occasion,
as
some
people
them, for
they are
of Mecca
his
needy
in which
presume,
was
cherished
of
manners
a"e
vouth^"^'
divert
Abu
Talib
suggests
mercantile
expedition.
yEtat.
25
Mohammad
accompan-
ies
(as we have
last, finding
his family
:
^
merchandise.
prepared
about
to
set
out,
his
uncle
commended
him
to
the
men
of
fell
considerable
degree,
painted
and
seen
embraced him
as such
leave the
consort
of
from
the
have
been
more
definitely
the
Mediterranean
Sea.
Perhaps,
age,
age, she
she
slaughtered
began
to
look
genius
and
commanding
hours,
undisturbed
and
every
girl.
his life
thick, jet
thin, but
long black bushy
a fine
thin line
navel.
His
broad
back
leaned
slightly
forward
he
entered
with
a
continually meditat-
continued
foe
after
he
had
awe
they
granite
from
the
neighbouring
hills
were
assisted
in
the
eight
the present day in
pretensions
to
the
either to
decide the
of your four
its proper
thrown
across
On
the
remote
date.
Originally
the
top.
to the
;
came
It
and
in the
and several
decision
of
Mohammad
strikingly
Black
Stone.
After
the
conquest
This space at
the temple
quadrangle
of its
Abu Lahab, uncle
kindness
and
; and
he
replied :
and
Al-'Abbas
took
Ja'far.
All,
at
to
ardent
and
lasting
adoption
he
him
into
slavery.
into
the
of
Hakim,
grandson
to his
for
Zeid
father, who
and he
of Mohammad's
whicli,
both
on
Christian
the
faith.
These
would
in
all
directions
a
know-
ledge
of
Christianity,
and
observed
so great, that
Gospels
Of
'Omar.
Of
him
tradition
sa)'s
daughters,
and
matter
of
these
highly
1
Ibn
Hisham,
p.
143
f.
2
this time
doubt deeply
sympathise, and
hold converse
on
him
miles
north
of
The
magnified
the gate of
The hill
shown
stratum
Mohammad
ruin
great
guidance
period.
Siira
i
I
Ruler
of
error.'
How
the
full of
of
mankind ;
sometimes
Maker.
^
be
his
dwelling
place.
And
from
;
in
?
And
multiplied
'
Ah
Have
—
•
assumed
the
and
no
doubt
other
'All,
who
was
still
a
as
those
of
a
faithful
teacher
guided
haply
by
and
repel-
lant
were
careless
and
indifferent.
hood of^a
to
flow of
supernatural
call,
40
a
Prophet
Lest
would
have
by
remembering
the
past
favours
of
Thy
Lord
shall
shortly
dispense
unto
thee
thee a
thee thy
abundance
innocent
victory,
for He is forgiving.
to
them
from
their
idols,
and
every
thing
that
exalts
itself
against
the
true
God
;—if
only
my
people
will
be
of the
and undeveloped,
desire,
and
buried no doubt
the
right direction,
is
prefaced
;
own
and simultaneously present,
horizon.
Then
him.
He
was
:
that which
which
he
saw.
What
office
not
the
Biographers,
premising
process
[chap.
Mohammad
meditates
suicide
Gabriel
again
ap-
and
soothsayers
to
but
hopeful
was
a
time
(corre-
sponding
a
heavenly
mission.
It
no
doubt
on her left,
removed her veil, or
at any
some
time,
Khadija
said
to
him :
Verily
I
fear
that
would
be
bedewed
ways
man to another,
hairs
of the Prophet,
urged on his
40th Sura. I remember
the
Ixxvii., l.xxviii.,
Ixxxi., or
early.
Mosque
at
Medina,
Mohammad
suddenly came upon them from the door of one of his
wives'
houses
his
beard,
and
beard had in it many more white hairs
than
his
head.
And
Abu
Bekr
said:
—
(Sura ci.).'
stars.
Hence
at
this
epoch
strange
'aspiration
surroundings,
shaped
as
messages
or
Genii,
of
his
prophets
the
most
worthy
of
father's
house
morning
ment to the
present
as
AS-SlDDlK,
Koreish,
not
clear
when
he
obtained
Bekr
^
greatest guarantee
2
;
or, as
Abu Selama was ten years older than Mohammad, and was
present
at
Bedr.
Selama.
ascetic
life.
His
family
Islam,
for
we
?^y
sent
his com-
when
distinction, we
been
converts
to
was
verses,
taunting
him
influence
of
can
attained
already
before
solicitation,
after
made
and
hesitancy
(which
we
sought
and probably of
naturally
community
of
Mecca.
Gradually
his
followers
follow
thee.
And
*
followers forced to
a
plausible
*
before
family
sympathies
to
mitigate
the
sufferings
of
the
followers
of
their
idols,
and
to
in
un-
belief,
to
treat
him
with
contumely.
itself
Once
own dwelling,
Fronting the
Islam,
and
connscted
believe
and
leader
be
simply
Mohammad.^
This
he did very right
he
turned
to
the
poor
and
uninfluential
citizens
;
'Amr]
ibn
Um
man
frowningly
and
one
whom
was framed
repeatedly
mentioned
scriptural
information;
And
the general emigration
free.
Mohammad,
when
his mother, and
new
sect,
gilves^^'^^^
had no
patron or
Mecca,
they were refreshed by draughts of water, and then taken
to
the shame of recantation.
him
but
passed by,
slave by
trying
circumstances
renounced
re-
Al-Walld,
quainted
with
the
met with a
p.
136
f.
3
ephemeral
it
to it
impetuous.
Advancing,
simple truisms
each.
that
opposed to
one another,
to
It was
—
sometimes
to
a
tablet
kept
in
heaven'
this
;
days.
to this
time, mentioned
is
his positive
clear
handed
round
here specified
hands possess.' The
was
in
a
blissful
abode
was
now
rapidly
degenerating.
with a
the
objects
between
Which
then
of
the
Signs
of
your
Lord
willye
deny
Which
then,
every fruit
the suspicion
period,
left
no
longings
unfulfilled
boiling
water
and
filthy
corruption.
they
hear
it
roar
wildly
columns,
?
and
former Nations
follow
them.
Thus
shall
1
I
kvii
cause
?
overwhelming blast, then
plain
Warner.'
But
be
with
me,
or
have
mercy
be
followed,
and
some
by
his
analogies
of
Nature,
and
the
power
of
God
in
sat
its
ferred
to
close
was
Jewish
as
expressive
his people,
we are
Gabriel visited
same
time
it
is
by
it
is
admitted
to allow
true faith,
there was
God to approve it
taken thee
in
the
Kor'an
followed
so, what
the
revelations
of
a
Prophet
reveal. If the
reduced to
than
scoffingly,
Ah!
is
this
Apostle?
Verily
Mohammad
could
but
Verily thou
go
forward
worst, they
6th year
of the
his
adversaries
gave
abandon
^^ohammad
of Abu Talib,
same
case
may take
:
his abuse
spoken,
they
departed.
While
did
surrender
proceeded earnestly
to abandon
him. His
high resolve
made
ready
arthe^^'^^'^^
a
a
taking
sustained^)
we
Mohammad
hardly
read
So
they
departed
from
him.^
In
the
sixth
year
of
nephew
now
to
have
amounted
but
secretly,
heard
just
now
than
thine?'
The
'Omar,
her face
the insult, she
Prophet ; now
'but the
pure may
discourse,
unto
my conver-
sion.' And
even until
to
the
cause.
Hamza
and of
because
of
his
uncertain
and
impetuous
of
so
great
and
alarm to Moham-
strength.
even
from
over the
Christian Prince,
saying, that
faith
by Koreish
fetch them
their
doctrine,
eat
neighbourhood
and
hospitality,
the births of
:
'
Nejran
Abu Talib
struggle
between the
much
rehance
year
retire into
ban
of
separation
was
forth
a
caravan
of
wailing
of
this
that
his
steps
a
lying
renegade
I
stuff.
And
when
Deity,
and
Apostles
unto
their
nations,
and
they
came
and
We
took
vengeance
on
the
transgressors
which raise
up the
they
turn
their
backs
in Our signs
a
sovereign
purpose
Nay, but
books,
and
divine
origin
of
the
of
Islam
might
be,
our fathers,
he will
children
And he
Say
: What
think
ye,
if
this
Revelation
be
from
witnessed
unto
the
Israelitish
tribes
; or
evident that
Illustra-
traced
to
rabbinical
legend
tions
history,
it
is
it will
messengers from
their acceptance
'
hundred
years.
a
fair
specimen
of
behave
arrogantly
therein
path
behind, and
eat
of
its
fruit
wherever
ye
will
that
counselleth
good.'
and 28th
now the
; it is rather
For
this
with weighty words.
tinct
utterance
unconscious, course of
creation
January,
reply to the
death. What-
ever he
lost, Abu
him,
nor
hostile tribe.
But he
visit,
for
he
feared
neighbouring
by the
weary traveller
;
believe,
was
solaced
the
following
touching
petitions
are
the Lord
hands wilt
^^^N^L-hV
which
attesteth
that
be exalted
amongst
on
mount
Hira.
From
those
who
had
;
and
and
rejected
by
Nineveh, and
tears gush forth
widow
of
Sakran.
Of
Koreishite
blood
from the
death of
himself
to
designed to cement the attachment of his bosom friend. The
yet
undeveloped
charms
of
marriage
took
with
the
poorer
survived Mohammad
;
of
Mina,
we
may
unable
next year.'
So they
hardly
a
family
in
and
having
treacherously
clans
was
reinforced
by
allies
from
other
Arab
tribes
Aus
were
from
razing
their
The Khazraj
the
:
:
be
the
first
to
join
him.
had been
and all were
shortly
after
dispelled
God
we
will
not
steals
neither
Mosque still marks
at the
return
to
Medina,
said
: / too
am
a
believer
with
thee.'
generations
soon found themselves
rapid spread.
So they
for
that
purpose.
He
Zurara, who
sat
down
by
a
heard of the
weapons, and
hurrying to
Oseid stuck his
said:
"there
is
another
beside
me,
I
will
send
to
you
will
dog and cast it
temple at
were to
vision
was
still
before
shall
rejoice
to
the
words of the
Jesus,
Jewish
prophets,
but
whose
Sonship
he
materially beyond the point at which we find them now
stated
in
or
two
campaigns
against
distant
Abu Bekr, on
camels with Obei
ibn Khalaf, that
upon
Medina,
and
he
waited
was
harmless,
relaxed
;
which
they
have
wrought.^
But
with
this
had given
their devices could
the
goodness
of
God
would
punishment,
taste
mercy,
after
affliction
befell
them.
scenes in the
he com-
;
suppose) by the
It
is
this
the
reiterated
message
from
on
high,
are
that
have
chosen
the
We have
neck,^
His
Prophet.'
There
is
nothing,
however,
to
In
further
mode of
Messages and
been
prepared
for
necessary
who
accom-
to
Mohammad
and
greatly
when
he
heard
of
the numbers of the converts, and their eagerness in the
service of Islam.
between
Mohammad
and
pilgrimage
sons of
and
They were
women,
there.
When
voice,
broke
silence
—
the design.'
and
children.
At
once,
from
tumultuous
noise
on
if
whose grave Mohammad
number who
zvrife
the
ceremony
was
ended,
places.
And
so
ended
the
memorable
of
and held
their peace.^
from Medina,
the 'praised')
of
our
chief,
wear
a
Koreishite
though
deserving
the
had
pledged
themselves
to
the
they
fell
Sa'd
ibn
'Obada,
they
seized
He
was
;
that, had
the perse-
have had more
or
surveillance
of
a
few
waverers,
we
or
sufferings
in
parties
few to
Koba,
hospitably received at
shade, nor
swift
camel
and
his
followers,
saying
going.
a special and
new
abode.
They
numbered
and
house
were
entirely
that passage
at Mecca
and makes Mecca
the
command
to
able in the face
it is
little
reason
to
believe
determined upon
at the
produced
in
justifica-
1
The
half
south
mountain
of
this
name,
of
unto
his
companion.
Be
Unbelievers to
its web
any
poetry
regarding
Abu
text. Mohammad
however,
to
our early authorities.
over the mouth
One
the Holy
to
relaxed.
Abu
Bekr,
not
forgetful
a
purse
of
between
mounted
the
opposite
'Osfan.
The
4th
father,
Abu
Kohafa,
now
so
departed,
which he
had left
for their
with
season
of
the
year,
they
of
the
mounted
scouts
to
depart
in
had met
annoyance,
and
then
un-
molested.
Zeinab
menced
of
Moharram
(the
before.
back
a
time.
against
led
to
doubt
the
Relation
of
Islam
During
a
faith. In
the Suras,
relation
of
Islam
and
my
head
white
Lord
;
son,
three
withdrew from her
a
perfect
man,
She
me,
and
I
;
They said
thing
was
thy
mother
unchaste.
child.
They
said
overbearing nor
to the
like
besides
his
Messiah,
ye eat, and that
to be
the
appeal to
his
mission.
His
adversaries
he
doubt
not
into
Mary.'
same
category
the com-
in the
system
was
belief
in
Testament and in the
Scriptures,
the
apostleship
of
Jews
Book,' that is by
of
since
they
have
Verily
We
wherein are direction
of
the
day,
faith
accordance
with
unbelievers
which
whosoever doth
done
otherivlse)
that
which
of whatever
grand catholic
in
revelation) had
unto
a
set
time,
that have
regarding the same.
the
however, was not the
The
authority,
is
lips of
Islam,
that
imperceptibly
led
to
the
the
former
uncared for. In
Argument now
supremacy
of
Islam,
they
Kor'an
is
that
Jesus
was
not
crucified
the
Jews,
doctrine of the
redemption
through
it.
to conjec-
Gnostic
source.
But
it
and Docetas, and the
to
the
former,
man
strange
fancies
had
a
weak
and
By
attempted to trace
statements
a
ready
access
to
(as in
his
from
Christian
tradition
Arabia
was
altogether
insufficient
for
the
purpose.
in
Mohammad
to
Islam.
[An
English
translation
of
certain. The
of
divine
worship
that
Mohammad
recognition of
the Holy
only passage
in which
frequently in
the Kor'an,
sense
as
signifying
the
Spirit
that
gives
life
and
inspiration.
use
of
current
Christian
speech,
aside their
good tidings
the midst of
root
prophet,
forced
root
159
are sometimes
:
you
And those
whom they
reach his
mouth, and
?
:
— !
they give
all
things.
the
rain,
and
very
limited.
themselves
house
that stand
up and
road
House.
sacred
well
for
him
cattle
catholic
faith
respecting
God,
^
is
possible
that
some
may
have
been
in
reality
of
they
proceed
from
piety
of
the
heart.
From
them
sacrifice
unto
the
ancient
House.
And
unto
accepted
of
God,
nor
yet
their
blood
sake.
From
time
beyond
memory,
Mecca
and
years
now
produced
themselves
implicitly
a constant
of nature,
individual
or
public,
which, unmindful
the old
a
brotherhood
ready
to
with
their
blood.
Jewish
truth
had
upon the earth
and
perform
righteous
works
with
a
true
repentance):
of their escape
the
Red
Sea.
On
recognised
at
the
congratula-
welcome to the
;
adjusting
to be
scoriaceous basalt.'
layer of
met
with
no
lava,
although
the
nature
of
the
but he
of
south.
direction date-trees and
substantial houses
visited
harmonious
welcome?
Or
test, it
suburbs,
and
Koba
lay
invitingly
before
them.
p.
334
the Ausite
him,
and
'All,
who,
as
It was
the foundations
later period
followers
proceeded
towards
the
city.
He
halted
unmarried
for the
weekly celebration
his
incessant
call
from
one
of defence
policy. His
from
various
houses
and so
Bekr,
who
had
no
doubt
supplied
the
years
Jubeir
of Mohammad's
way
to
Medina.
Bekr
of
Mecca
Refugees
the
Refugees
were
sorely
tried
by
they
all
wandered
in
their
speech
their
home
at
discharge
with
violence
the town and
forty
to
fifty
Refugees
were
of
Medina.
This
to
wife.'
And
'Abd
ar-Rahman
replied
portion
that it
Prophet
suffice if
he used
branches and
prayed, was
were the
each with
same side of
war caused
erected
by
how
used
turned
towards
the
south.
It
corresponded
with
;
restored.
Thenceforward
As
maintained
her
supremacy
over
his
life
at
Mecca.
And
it
may
reader as a
risks,
as
almost
in unseemly if not
the inhabi-
then
and
Citizens
of
Medina
were
Jews
as
went forth
some portion
said unto
'Abdallah
rallied
a
numerous
scepticism,
over-
are named
up
his
espionage
strung
out
of
from
amongst
little removed from heathenism and
unbelief,
only
a
;
hearts
the
saying
 
the
testi-
mony
Holy of
his
sentiments,
Treaty
of
with
shortly after
Jews
in
the
practice
of
merciful!
'The
Charter
of
Mohammad
the
Refugees shall
seeketh
to
spread
be against him,
even if he
Whosoever
;
property,
nor
inter-
Mosque,
and
even
Medina
are
one
people
theirs
shall
righteous
JEWS
185
the
Jews,
the
with
the
prophetic
the
eyes
of
to
Moham-
yvhich
the
in
the
Kor'an,
proved
Mohammad
himself,
when
present
assembly,
their
zeal
gathered
asleep, coughed at
ordinance
the
perfect
value.
Rather
it
opened
a
vulnerable
point
Holy House
replied Gabriel;
of
Jerusalem,
The tide,
an idolatrous Temple, charges
'
has
3
?
an intermediate People,
for
you.
We
it
up
with
the
(without
any
command
Atonement
and
he
readily
hideth
or the
Lesser, it shall be no crime in him if he perform the circuit of them
both.
And
God
Prophet), but
of
that it was in memory
of the
delivery of
Pharaoh,
as
Although
being
always
it was ordained
feeding
of
for you,
during
the
;
month,
however
Mohammad
Feb!
a.d.
Mohammad,
having
Mosque,
seen)
the
occasion
Atonement
with
its
sacrifice
;
of
Mohammad.'
Of
the
sacrifice
seems
the Atonement,
used
a general
order, such
no
Great Mosque at
public prayers, the
Mohammad,
1
thus :
in the front row
the
that,
at
insinuations of
Lord
destroy
the
Jews
of no avail ; he
with thorny
—
Judgment.'
its
overshadowing
garniture the
walls were
and
gave
the
staff
narrations
special
weight.^
death it was used
been irksome
temptation to
some seventy-five
the
Prophet
for
ten
years,'
See
Caliphate,
p.
345,
society,
long
troubled
and
diverted
hand, from the
vengeance not postponed to a future life, but immediate and
overwhelming
even
now.
he might become the agent for executing the divine sentence,
and
at
the
same
time
triumphantly
to
;
was ordinarily
under the
who
owned
The
retreat. The danger from
by
must
on the watch,
now
approaching
; and
attitude of the Prophet
petty and marauding
The whole
city devoted
an encounter;
a
distance,
no
hostilities
were
attempted.
the first arrow
same
200
Iuw'ad
followers,
including
a
large
; but whether
or no,
party.
They
with
the
and,
the
to
his
the
South
by
at Mecca
to Koreish.
The
remain-
ing
making the
night,
they
them
now,
They
At last they overcame
then
rushed
upon
the
caravan,
and
securing
to
the
Holy
two
men,'
he
said,
to Medina.
Syria
depended
the
prosperity
which they
mighty
for
the
assistance
the
ye
may
that
of
yet
there
were
timorous
looking
overshadowed with death. But
if
they
the
with
an
the
best
Provider.
He
the
command
runs
thus
God,
only
you
the same
level, but
?
cause
made good
than with
the exiles'
equally
important
to
Mohammad.
It
of the
on its
returning to
rewarded
Mohammad,
to pass,
by
both at
Bedr and
in other
City and
Mecca road, he
onwards, was
the rest to the
;
For two or three days they travelled
by
the
direct
had come to
the intelligence
to Mohammad.
Let us
now turn
scrutinised
it
all
around.
—
suspicious
regarding
Juheina
tribe
better
night,
he
despatched
a
courier
to
them
:
—
'
50,000
troops,
and
affair
Al-As,
a
grandson
of
three
days
marching
from
Medina,
of
their
seen)
but
route closer
with
intelligence
of
going
forward
or
to
the
extre-
mities.
'When
we
have
'Amr,
killed
supplied
of
it,
and
ever
after
men were
valley
pious traveller is
trace whatever
mortal combat
with their
oft-repeated
hardened
by
severed all earthly ties without the pale
of
nearing
Bedr,
Mohammad
reconnoitre
the
rising
ground
about
wells.
One
escaped
to
Koreish
in the Kor'an,
of Mohammad,
as of
parties that
it should
words, and to cut
out
what
was
to
be
were about
900
and
1,000
have advanced
even to
the hope that they might still,
as
conquerors,
knowledge
of
its
the
to
descend
unto
thee
unfurled Ave years later
body
and
ed-Dar.
another dis-
Muslim side.
Mohammad had
you in their
ocular
deception
his
forth
O
Lord
worship
of
Thee
and
an advance;
an advance ;
only if
met
to the
his
Still
defending
himself
he
vow ;
for
the
cistern
been
fought
and
the
armies,
is thus
a
blow
which
severed
the
brought
him
;
blast
swept
with a
Prophet
stooped,
sands
on
which
they
stood ;
way, their
Mo'adh,
in
his
Mo'adh
put
his
foot
unable
ar-Rah-
if
he
captives
and
'Abd
ar-Rahman,
him
declined,
they
Woe
the
moment
when
my
and
1
had
trusted
that
the
faith.
But
now
booty
was
divided.
equipage
and
armour.
A
afterwards, the following
and for the
the Wayfarer,—if
the
set apart.^ All
extra
portions
for
ventured
to
expostulate,
and
demand
why
and
his
in
his
Book
! I
give
The executioner,
by a
back
of
the
neck
of
the ensuing year." Mohammad consulted
his
followers
alive, and take
of
martyrdom
prisoners put
to death
mercy,
has,
no
doubt,
given
good things
good and
passage quoted from
rigorously,
none
would
have
to
cry,
Abu
J
233
by
Um
their
heads,
and
restraint,
bound
used to feed
dotations there
recorded.^ They
of Al-Kufa, and
the
superior
numbers
of
Koreish.
Angelic
side
as
good
tidings
Verily
you
them.
men,
the
in
not
present
in
the
return of
out the
tall
white
figure
in
the
his
comrade,
of
his
was
I too
would weep
whole year. His son
repressed
his
his
feelings.
One
a
woman
lamenting
ye
624
Important
effect
of
victoiy
on
Moham-
mad's
alarm
into
vindicate the
discerning
people
Chief,
the enthusiasm of Mohammad's
of their religion,
ancestral
faith.^
She
624"-^'^'
with
such
force
that
it
of the
march
to
Bedr.
Notwithstanding
his
his
house,
despatched
the
new
it.
The
Beni
Kainuka',
neighbour,
unper-
to
the
upper
dress.
When
she
of
Bedr.
days they
were closely
Hadaik
and
Bo'ath
down
in
smarting
he
took
the
the
dawn
was
stealthily
with
their
farm-
houses,
fulfilled,
of
Nejd,
in
the
of the Suleim
Medina that
his
hands,
and
captive,
but
afterwards,
on
reported to
pro-
ceeded
successful
Zeid
plun-
affair.i
Koreish,
finding
800 pieces fell
cruelty
Medina,
made
:
'
ibn Mo'adh, chief
chose four
her
to
clasp
her,
there
she
desires
of
from the low shrubs of the
Muslim
Jewish
the
Na'ila
called
and warned
they reached a
that of his
'
and
comforted
the
wounded
man.
Reflections
I
have
desire to
justify an
act of
The
present
The
progress
way
and
broke
them
every
shall
be
again
unsheathed.'
At
he
then
about
three years
proof of
daring gallantry
Endowed with
Prophet
Sufyan,
availed
themselves
of
the
permission.
Taking
ScSnT'
Friday
inactively.
Between
the
which
the
Prophet
the hold
more
Mohammad
had
martyrdom,
and
few
at
Bedr,
me
with
'
will send
you victory.'
tVi
Mohammad,
a mile
of
mail'
gardens,^
draws
up
and
emerged
into
the
plain.
The
By this time
the enemy
with
his
300
followers,
Mohammad
was
God,
they
boldly
out his
;
the
of
duly
mounted
on
borne
by
Talha,
right wing
Jahl.
timbrels to
the exile
Medina
Talha
the
family
Koreishite
standard
{vide
p.
one
of
Then,
flourishing
encounter,
danger
was
displayed
as
at
left,
and
prodigies
up
his
sword,
and
said:
'Who
and were
to Fatima
to wash,
Abu 'Obeida
the side
of Koreish
fatal, and
Ohod.
It
was
a
moment
of
sweeping charge of Khalid's
wound on
one of
Mus'ab, and
drove
'Obeidallah,
whose
fingers
were
to
Ciythat
his
comrades
cry
places
wounded)
behind
rocks
or
two
the
rocks
where
the
greater
secure retreat. The
finding their Prophet still
be
silent.
cave,^
Two
of
its
Prophet
who
1^
He
^
of this
Ju'al
ibn
Ibn Hisham or
been
by
their
those
that
shot
return
for
Bedr.
Fortune
the four
spot,
saying :
with
Fatima
by
Seizing his beard and
and commanded
that they
and
does
the credit of
safety
of
their
families.
On
his command,
will
ablution.
then they meditate an
and
lead
was their working animal. Ibn
Mohammad
returns
to
Medina
Koreish,
rising,
asked
so
loudly
near
the
his plaintive words
them
in
pursuit
of
city
have
been
vigorously
repelled.
As
the
warriors
assembled
homewards?'
of As-Safra,
the
having found
him a
uncovered
were
seen
interment,
were rife throughout
on the
was
natural
been assumed
It required
at Bedr,
a.h. ll.
had
Prophet's
reasoning,
it
Mohammad
^.!P™
thy family
put their
that
grieved.
This various success
believe,
and knew
Ohod
j.,jj.j^
back
upon
your
against those
down
at
have
associated
with
resting-place
shall
be
the
Fire
the
trans-
gressors
amongst
you
those
that
Then He caused
forth
for
whom
caused them
its rude
assemble
at
mid-day
for
the
pulpit,
and
occupy
the
long
space
in
front
for
prayer.
Mohammad
regarding
his
creed
it
of his native
Suweid,
reported
mount
his
ass.
He
begged
for
of
spread.
Mohammad
arrived
kindly
female in-
again unto
he
thus
addressed
hath left
provisions of
rules
are
added
THE
EXPULSION
OF
THE
BENI
AN-NADlR.
quillity
tribe,
con-
forthwith
despatched
150
men,
Citizens
called
Khalid
did not
much affect
or
two
called
out
two
sons
he
went
to
unless
in
retaliation
execution he bade his salutation to be sent to Mohammad,
and
there
to be
mother was
they had
bound him
let thee
'Amir.^
After
Bekr, who
heaven.
on,
naming
the
several
tribes
in
succession)
rebelled
against
His
Prophet
for
men were
follows, show that
 
ready
a
arose
abruptly
that his
that
the
chiefs
roll
down
mention
(which dwells at some length on the siege), and there
had
Mohammad resolved that the tribe
should
no
thou, our
bearer
was his
of
having
invest
and
gallantly
Jews
to cast
any
combined
opposition
to
Huyei
and
inducements
brought
armour,
gained
support
gent Citizens who
also
dispense
and
to
rebuke
him
not
hands
of
the
Believers.
Take
warning,
therefore,
ye
that
punishment
of
Fire.
This
because
they
set
his
Prophet
standing
upon their roots, it was by the command of God,—that
He
camels against
the
Rich
the Prophet giveth
It
is
:
God is
Peace,
the
All
that
one
belonging
to
a
despatches. It
with its
had
men
said
unto
them,
and
they returned
unto
God
;
projected another grand
design
was
fifth year,
a party
Medina.^
It
Sufyan
Mohammad
?
'
'left
Koreish
mortified
Expedition
that
ye
bands,
driven
from his humble
will hear
of it
O
Prophet
Al-Wakidi,
p.
173
grazed
in
the
neighbourhood.
The
robbers
fled
the year,
for nearly
into
made
in
years,
and
by
wife,
now
over
thirty
haste to array herself
Mohammad.
hearts
of
men
I
to tell
This
Mohammad
declined
And
supports
reputation,
Mohammad
him.
even after
feared
you.
Rather
he
the danger
friends or
be
unless
;
against
!
name,
a
singular
instance,
grievous thing in the
Believers than
falsehoods
be taken
and killed
their
over their
 
;
that she
persuade
her
the
pilgrimage
a
few
years
ago,
her
Highness
tells
us:
please
but be all
so,
in every Mosque throughout
Sura are
collected a
makes
one
man,
and
that
at
the
wells
between
^f
held
by
^
to
being reckoned
to
encourage
the
development
fore,
though
Citizens re-
her
rank
and
comeliness,
apartment of
what thou
askest of
she
at once to wife,
them
and
of a new
of Mohammad,
the litter
to the
army
at
the
of the Refugees,
occasion
to enter
her litter,
her clothes
their camp,
the gaze
of all.
fell sick ; and
father's house. The
in Medina
former was
'Abdallah ibn
the poet
Hassan, and
rival.^
Mohammad
chief offenders
who loves
ye
If
I
confess,
God
guilty.
that
which
Joseph's
her, saying:
this is from 'A'isha
from
his
them
he hath
and
which
ye
ever.
innocent
ordered the prescribed
sentence. It
trial
was
at
hand
when
and
his
Satisfied
;
innocent
of society
and
held
up
to
reprobation.
of
adultery,
so
that
every
word
be
curtailed,
even
Apostle, and
own
corpulence.
2
Vide
p.
302,
twice
told,
had
sympathy
in
the
same
clans of
Murra
still smarting from
before.
Koreish
4,000
delivered
;
numbers
the
question
to
offer
battle
rude earthen
Shovels,
pickaxes,
and
baskets
were
borrowed
Futurity.
O
Lord
Medina is now
the
women
and
the
open
north-eastern
side, it
contented themselves
numbers of the confederate
immediately
to
the
part
 
;
found the
Beni Koreiza
Koreiza actually
tradition
Koreiza,
'returned'
up any success on
their
promise
trench, two
the streets.
'Ikrima,
challenged
his
the
open
of dust.
But it
their brethren
at Medina.
;
311
advantage
Az-Zubeir [or
day. But
allied
a general
Khalid's
troop
fire
been
trifling,
yet
the
army
1
At-Tabari,
i.
1475
f.
Prophet,
added
deserted
on an
was
left
in
Prophet said, to
they
were
gone.
a surer
and more
mounted
his
ass,
the
his
contrition,
went
for
Mohammad
relented,
and
weeks,
the
hands
tied
and
of a
conqueror, his
household
stuff,
clothes
and
armour,^
be
spared.
'
be
the
judge.
Sa'd
been given,
:
'
of
the left, are the
now so
followers thronging behind.
:
whatsoever
I
sufficient
to
contain
men
were
dug
across
the
market-place
And so
meant,
he
granted ;
and
the
it
is
sharp
obtaining
freedom
Mohammad
answered
lasted all
day, and
continued by
the number
hundred
would
seem
for thee.'
refused
poor widowed
protection
thou
mayest
attack
thee
with
sharp
the
spoil.
They
Confederates,
v.
22
faith
v.
24
and mighty.
And He
strongholds
the
Jews
that
assisted
them.
and
In
Koreish
cealed
disaffection
of
some
cause; but,
fortunately for
him, it
Effect
of
massacre
of
the
Beni
Koreiza
a
terror
into
cal, for
had been
had
enemies
at
a
them.
 
of the
casts
an
indelible
blot
Before closing this
and
hath
fulfilled
his
covenant.
Wherefore
they
her
poetry on
as they
washing of
was
covered
over. As she gazed on the remains of her son, she
said
warring
against
thy
Prophet,
then
Although,
date, yet the
may
be
useful
once
more
to
and
consider
are
favoured
fear
the
day
whereon
soul
be
helped.
in
that
{i.e.
the
not the
that
•which
it
 
believe
in
from
amongst
worshippers
of
Idols,
those
of
the
oblivion.
the
tastes
and
habits
such as the following.
matting
on
had everything
in abundance
clothes
than any
courtiers
of
Damascus
and of 'Omar
Dictator,
or
Mohammad
piercing,
and
buf^no'"'
'"h"h^'^
'"kl
^"^y
^^y^
of his
:
the
 
state
of
drunkenness
Say,
them.
But
as
is
permitted
to
a
wife
excused.
divorced at the
caprice and by
that
aff^Sh"^
exercised
upon
the
sex
Married
embraces
practically
the
precedent
of
position
Mohammad,
bearing
a
son
to
him.
Such
el-Weled, or 'Mother
in
marriage,
and
their
masters
a
divorce,
are not
every
year
as
one
would
3
The
notion
with
indulgences
female slaves, even
:
God hath
is,
the
divorc-
ing
of
one
in
order
the
Kor'an,
with
passion of
Indeed,
it
may
be
independent
right
talent, then
becomes
possess her
be found in the
and is generally
or less
be
Hell,
rightly discriminate, and
law
books
abound
this subject,
away,
may
not
defiled
^aleikum),
which
was
held
equivalent
to
professing
oneself
a
principle,
referred
to
but
Idolatry,
and
:
after
'
rescue of such from their unhappy position is adduced as
a
God, ye
that sell
the present
apprehension
and the
the
plain
was
chastisement of
narrate them all.^
Two of the
followers
with a
which
affect
eth
family
and
zvcalth!
Pursuit
Sa'd ibn
effected her escape
in
peace.
mounted
Among
these
was
Abu'l-'As,
son-in-law
daughters.' Mohammad
ours
to
keep
back
after this
daughter. I swear
followers must
needs be
kept.' Thus
and
desired
her
his
to keep it'
graciously
al-Kora,
by
the
tribe
of
Judham.
A
recovered
hundred
beneath
returning
to
her
indignation
prisoner
with
her
daughter.
Neither
deed
encouraging
certain
produced
no
other
repaired
to
their
victim's
the
same.
See
the
Caliphate,
p.
23.
the
same
relations
a.h.
vi.
with
the
Ghatafan,
and
was
might
a
cure
Mohammad
bade
them
join
was unworthy
of Islam.
Their arms
present
day,
as
sanctioned
in the
the opposite
Muslims
killed
at
the
taking
of
the
Kor'an,
insisted
upon
:
do
not
consider.
And
their
prayers
grimage in in
at the Greater Pilgrimage
and
the Ka'ba in the
Surrounding
if
to
join,
but
right
sides.
Seventy
camels
than
let
thee
pass.'
Shortly
after,
the
Meccan
cavalry
came
in
sight,
and
Mohammad's
horse
went
forward
between
lower
Mecca.^
'"^^
morrow,
deserted
was
and
having
their sacrificial
up
for
this
pious
men.'
alarmed
Koreish.
over
to
the
have
always
said,
said
as
'
enter into treaty
to do
so; and
may
not
the
signatures).
2
Some
tradition to
Pilgrims into the sacred
undisturbed. A
drooping spirits
the
for
malingering
(a
penalty
from God, if
you
Say
; Ye
shall
not
follow
us
will
say
understandeth
little.
Say
behind, Ye
shall hereafter
if
you
a
a
hath
promised
you
great
Spoil,
which
ye
shall
seize
where)
in the
the
after
that
He
(God
Mercy. If
have
been
involved
in
the
common
destruction.
2
the
preamble
greater
number.*
years
the
who
had
just
concluded
Lord.
He
will
work
strange
that
he
mouth,
that
'had
these
terms
been
settled
by
any
listen
to
them
of
God?
Are
;
chains.
His
down at
cited by
;
coming
over
to
hand, 'Omar
thereafter
was
married
by
tribute,
as
an
something
he
should
Abyssinia,
And
retain
not
then
give
to
those
whose
dowers of the
the
dowers
a
calumny
forged
between
their
is
gracious
believeth
not,
and
she
be
pleased
'
;—
husband
(i
Cor.
sophistries
claims
of
embassies
to
the
Kaiser
and
the
Chosroes,
to
Mohammad evidently selected
acknowledge
the
mission
the
was
probably
strange
curiosity,
the
are
altogether
uncertain.
The
drafts
given
by
at
all)
only
in
embryo.
The
ordinary
had
made
Persians, he
"Even
that
ye
follow
the
Arabian
Prophet,"
Arabia
beneath
his
forbade
Jerusalem, to swell
it is
dif^cult
wept and said
: on
its
receipt,
Prophet, he said
had
sent
orders
to
Badhan,
the
Persian
time,
however,
tidings
and
summoned
his
submission
to
the
of
Persia
had
now
now
free
to
raiment, and a
embracing
the
new
faith,
Abyssinia,
had
its profession.
gratified his desire for
portions
of
the
Kor'an
Jewish and
various
daughter
must,
his master
Poet of my
'
1,600
strong
hundred, while it had
neglected the
tempting
expedition
in
three
forced
marches.
by
one,
before
any
opposition
could
be
organised,
that
Mohammad's
advent
given
in
the
their
appearance,
and
the
their
bodies.
On
a
damsel
was
performed
brought
them
he cast his mantle over her, in token that she
was
to
be
his
own,
could not have
vigilance,
and
The
Safiya's
lap
before
of
the
Prophet's
servant
having
steeped
'
stirred
neither
hand
that
But, however
making
this
Mohammad, and constituted
the
booty.
A
The remainder
Jews
were
expatriated,
and
entire
possession
taken
of
by want of at
exceeding in
his estimate,
you, take ye
the
estimated
sum
and
give us the crop, or give us the estimated sum, and
keep ye the
year
following
Al-Wakidi.
Advantage
was
naturally
decided
that it
must have
kind. The
;
thee
forth-
with
they
which,
was
required
for
free
to such)
occasion
stone and
and
fact at
a
charm
(still
used
darkness when
that
blow
he
envieth.
The
story
may
possibly
have
Or,
suspicions
actually
entertained
by
Mohammad
likely,
were
cast
to
be
the
autumn
and
been in
the previous
east,
sent
to
Mecca
;
'
Osama promised
; and behind, in
and now with
camel, shouted
of prayer.
a
sight,
one
 
pitched
for
him
near
the
Ka'ba,
was left
was
tomb
is
still
visited
at
this
in it
;
no doubt :
as if a slight had
thereby been cast on the Prophet's memory. Abu
Bekr,
however,
relieved
consummated.
Mohammad
carried
with
of Khalid, the
repaired to
A deputation from
a certain tribe
the
place,
was
wrath,
and
cried
the
young
man
into
shrine,
and
^o'sitfonat
balance
was
to Medina
movement
to see
well as the
in
no
the
struggle
which
it
to
distinguish
the
of
which
fifty
men
to
faith.
But,
cloud of arrows. Most of them were slain, and the
leader
we
to
the fighting
should
them.
If
Zeid
were
cut
of
the conquest
along the frontier. Thus,
(com^pared
well-appointed
army.^
force,
was at
their
superior
immediate
advance :
cried indignantly,
Is it in our numbers, or in the help of
the Lord,
glittering array,
finding advan-
Muslim camp
troops,
partly
of
to
Then a
Citizen rescuing
;
crying
out :
:
arms,
crying
bitterly.
Mohammad
was
to
death.*
the
Mosque,
and
saw them
well that
the fear of losing
of
300
men,
including
r'^.'^g^'^'
incite those
The
were assembled
little aid from
Bekr and 'Omar) under
obey
thee
on which
camels, flocks,
A fair damsel
leader.
'Abs,
Murra,
^
Secretary's chapter
of 'Deputa-
Bekr
the same
year. The
of
this
tenor :
all
accepted
discretion
allowed
by
defeat
at
Muta,
which
emboldened
speedily
from
above.'
Mohammad
no
promise,
course
open
O Abu Sufyan
evil plight,
but did
not suspect
for suspecting
entered the
when
she
hastily
is too good
?
'
'
' So
saying,
They
overtook
But
advice. 'All said
and call aloud
that he took
else
for
thee.'
The
Prophet
of
by previous
as favour-
sailed
to
them
—
being
go
 
thee
with
10,000
followers.
See
the
Prophet's
white
mule,
he
had
thus
Al-'Abbas entered, and
Prophet's tent:
this.
Believe
and
testify
forthwith
;
—
in their respective
out by
mass,'
'
of
Abu
not
mere
accident
possessed
more
influence
of Mecca
full
Had any
that
Khalid,
his
the force.'
'
—
guiding
Khalid
Khalid.
Beni Khoza'a
perhaps in despair were
Talib
and
Khadija.
space
to
the
is
still
fell forwards
himself in
the temple.
door,
he
entered
the pictures
attachment
by
not
break
Mecca, and the obligation
to
Medina
as
his
Medina
I
Abu Bekr ? and I would have gone and seen him
there.'
affectionately pressing
his hand
of
Mecca,
renegade
his
dictation.
His
quiet
was
restored,
so great
neck.
I
remained
silent
'
girl) justified
to forgive the past, and
cast into
did not
and espoused his
connection with his
waiting
for
him.
rebellion
that
a few
weeks we
find two
a
withdraw
a
band
of
formerly been
Refugees,
who
at the
and
said
'Ali
developing
his
the
mountain
range
north-east
to
yet
pursued
at
Medina,
and
been,
the
threatening
intelligence
called
him
was
people of Mecca
in the tenets
that Abu Bekr broke
the smallness
of the
to victory. Doreid,
sudden the Hawazin sprang
all
turned
gradually,
and
returned
to
the
battle.
were
latter was
tree
at
;
forbidden
of his
the camp and
turned your
that
disbelieve.
Then
God
will
be
the
;
for
Um
Selama
slaves
came
forth
from
the
city,
who
used,
was
an
They
professed
submission
to this
Lord
Thaklf
are
a
To
this
they
of
his
wives,
daughters.
spoil, as well
cried, the camels
a more
readiness
for
him
after
he
Mohammad
presents
slave
girls
to
'Othman,
and
'Omar
MohamnKid
is
mobbed
on
account
his veteran
as
earth,
Sa'd
ibn
'Obada
addressed
you
the
right
direction?
thou
sayest,'
to his
life
and herds, while
went one way, and
way,
and
already
wayfarer,'
pleased,
he
embraced
would
be
restored,
and
a
present
of
one
He
soon
joined
a constant warfare with
amount to
for
Mecca,
where
he
fulfilled
the
the
On
his
following
year.
I
Kulthum,
whom
mad's
adorned
Saflya
for
Um
be
the
infant's
nurse.
More
than
at
he
sacrificed
a
kid
the
hair,
which
then
was
buried.-
of
is
it was an
conferred
when
Mohammad
came
"
 
; and
I
intoler-
make
the
occurrence
Afraid of the exposure,
the
company
of
boiled
with
indignation
at
message
and for a
mortified
at
the
back again.
made known the
the Knowing
stead
Wives
better
has
been
gravely
getting abroad,
seen that
he would
of
his
nurse.
There
Mary,
wailing
and
fulsome
laudation
of
the
is
the
way
to
be
of us shall
passed
away,
no
longer
hear.
So
in Arabia.
completely
routed
Ka'ba
and
its
rites.
Yet
the
spiritual
power
which
was
felt
throughout
from
the
up
with
the
civil
polity,
that
the
vi.
i.
The
tribute
from
unbelievers
the
passage
quoted
at
driving
away
'^^-g^^^'^''^'^
anticipating
a
and been
the streets
of
the
was
in
one
of
!
that it may not
wild
manners
in
the
presence
as to those
most
part
of
them
understand
not.
forgiving
and
merciful.
The
tax-gatherer
deputed
then
One of
continuation
retire.^
About
tribe
divided
between
the
profession
of
Idolatry
Chieftain
so
famous
proach,
fled
to
Syria,
released,
and
unto
you
with
intelligence,
make
careful
fate
As
a
stranger
appearing
one
day
and
glory
of
his
benefactor.
When
this verse,
the
world,
A
threw his mantle from
was
hands
of
the
Caliphs,
and
was
which was
published by
Freytag with
were
treated
not
the
amount
must
nevertheless,
The
Ninth
ever
shelter
of
their
homes.
it was
and
free-will
offerings
poured
or
merchants
who
truce of Mohammad.
that
they
shall
Muslims, and they are themselves
in security,
either the
the
of malingering.
Mohammad reserved
in chron-
its streams
and fountains,
its unen-
This may
converted tribes.
Okeidir revolted
they had
until
therefrom.^ Among
the fire
'
indiscriminately accepted
to
this
;
will
punish
them,
or
the poet, who
thus
miserably,
back
into
his
favour
the Refugees
 
to
draw
off
men
from
the
God and his
up therein;
the
not
the
Disaffected
possessing
not
idolatry,
noticed
as
Al-Hodeibiya,
having
gone
a.d.
630
use of warlike
the
truce
of
Al-Hodeibiya,
'Orwa
went
ing his roof, he cried out at the pitch of
his
voice
surrounded the house,
blood to
its Master
'
to
Mohammad,
and
bound
themselves
martyr
'Orwa),
meeting
who
received
them
dark.
They
freely
communicated
the
pro-
mulgated
to
carry
out
inquired
Towards the
disgrace upon
his
if
ye
repent,
that
will
be
better
for
you
;
then
fight
leave
the nation's faith.
the
Christians
that
the
IVIessiah
not bidden
but to
hath
sent
His
announce
unto
them
a
grievous
punishment
are
said
proof is amply
°
hitherto
been
m
which
Mohammad
expressed
his
the passage
in Sura
xlii., in
after they
believed, to
and
yellow,
Himyar
tongue,
you
with
the
right
direction,
that
for
his
merit.
Every
Whosoever
payeth
this,
shall
be
embraced
in
the
guarantee
of
God
and
1
e
^'om
Bern
embassies
to
rich amongst
you.' The
the idea that
them a vessel
its
church
com-
Among
the Bishop,
in their
interfered
with,
;
called
them
but
when
they
appeared
returned
their
the Yemen,
the Faithful,
to the
the chiefs
 
:
—
coast of
not
proud
p.
944
f
: a just
guarantee that thou shalt
Wa'il
He
would
not
allow
Mu'awiya
they
his
adhesion
it
'All with a
adjudicate
causes
Two
hundred
year
point
command
troops,
both
footmen
and
horse?'
Mohammad,
alarmed
;
after
gave
in
their
they broke
through their
followers
bound,
and
carried
his camel's
son
from
''Aziz
(glorious)
it.
Nothing
would
now
It
is
called
the
Farewell
Pilgrimage,
because
had
brought
no
victims
Most
pilgrimage,
but only
as spectators.
victims
have
done.'
But
'All
perform,
whatever
that
might
together
state of a
its
summit,
the
Prophet,
standing
moonlight along the
narrow valley to
closely
imitated
by
pilgrims
to
the
'Akaba
that it was
*
*
the
flesh
of
the
;
state
being
declined to the
the Prophet mounted
sacred-
and
of
which
stones
are
thus
Devil
and
repulsed
him
by
similar
plan
gives
an
they
have
rights
demandable
the
servants
of
the
be tormented.
Ye people
other Muslim.
that
which
'
Zemzem
close
by,
he
ascended
the
not
incumbent
on
residence
at
Medina
opened
affairs.
In
the
was vague,
were
chiefly
occupied
government
several districts, while
place than very
of
Mohammad,
why
with
started
with
such
no