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Vidas Impactantesuna colección de biografías

Cover Design by Mi EnnPortraits by Andrea Bacca

Written by

Kristy Placido

Copyright © 2017 Fluency MattersAll rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-945956-34-8

Fluency Matters, P.O. Box 11624, Chandler, AZ 85248

info@FluencyMatters.com • FluencyMatters.com

A NOTE TO THE READER

This book is a collection of biographies of peoplewhose lives have made an impact on their culture, ontheir profession, and on humanity.

This book is written strategically and comprehen-sibly for advanced beginners to help you easily pick upgrammatical structures while you enjoy reading com-pelling true stories. We suggest you peruse the glossaryto familiarize yourself with some common structuresthat are used throughout the biographies.

The comprehensive glossary lists all high-frequencywords and phrases that are used in the book. In addi-tion, the glossary lists more advanced and complexstructures, which are also footnoted at the bottom ofthe page where each occurs.

We hope you enjoy and are inspired by these biographies...

Índice

Roberto Clemente. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Azucena Villaflor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Celia Cruz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Julio Iglesias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Luis Urzúa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

María Reiche. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Glosario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Roberto Clemente

Roberto Clemente Walker nació el 18 deagosto de 1934 en Carolina, Puerto Rico. Fue elmenor de siete hijos. Sus padres no tenían muchodinero.

Después de graduarse, empezó a jugar al béis-bol profesionalmente en Puerto Rico con el equi-po de los Cangrejeros1 de Santurce. En febrero de1954, los Dodgers de Brooklyn lo reclutaron para

1

1Cangrejeros - Crabbers

Celia Cruz

Úrsula Hilaria Celia de la Caridad CruzAlfonso nació en 1925 en La Habana, Cuba. Vivíacon sus padres, sus 3 hermanos y varios familiares.Siempre había muchas personas en la casa y tam-bién mucho amor.

23

45

Luis Urzúa

Durante el verano del 2010, el mundo estabafascinado y horrorizado con la historia de lostreinta y tres mineros chilenos que estuvieron atra-pados dentro de una mina. La mina, que tenía unaestructura muy inestable, se derrumbó1 el 5 deagosto. Los mineros fueron atrapados con su jefe

1se derrumbó - collapsed

Vidas impactantes

46

de turno2, Luis Urzúa.Con sus 54 años y más de 30 años de expe-

riencia trabajando en las minas, Urzúa era un lídernatural, pero nadie sabía exactamente cuánto lide-razgo poseía. Cuando la mina se derrumbó Urzúatuvo la ‘oportunidad’ de demostrarles que real-mente era un líder excelente. Había llegado a lamina San José solo tres meses antes del accidente.Era un jefe estricto, y tenía el respeto de los hom-bres.

Mural en Copiapó dedicado a los minerosFoto: Maina Kiai CC-BY-2.0

2jefe de turno - shift supervisor

57

María Reiche

María Reiche nació en Alemania1, en Dresde,el 15 de mayo de 1903. Cuando era una niñapequeña, empezó a tener interés en el mundo, enlas estrellas y en las ciencias. Iba con su padre aver y a estudiar las estrellas. Hablaban durantehoras sobre las estrellas, las constelaciones y losplanetas. También iban a museos y a otros sitiosculturales.

1Alemania - Germany

Vidas impactantes

58

Cuando María estaba enla escuela, los profesores cre-ían que no era muy inteligen-te. Ella no participaba muybien en las actividades. Undía cuando María tenía nueveaños, su profesora de francéshabló con María. La profesorapensaba que la pobre niña necesitaba un poco deayuda extra con sus estudios. Al hablar con María,¡la profesora descubrió que la niña era muy inteli-gente! Descubrió que el problema no era su inte-ligencia, sino que no podía ver bien. María recibióanteojos2 y después, nadie cuestionó que era muyinteligente.

María tenía una relación muy especial con supadre. Él le enseñaba3 sobre las estrellas y los pla-netas. Su padre no la trataba como una niña, sinocomo una colega. Le hablaba como la personainteligente que era. Cuando María se portaba

Maria (derecha) con su hermana en

1910

2anteojos - eye glasses3enseñaba - taught; used to teach

69

abogado - lawyer abril - Aprilaccidente - accident aceptó - s/he accepted acompañar - to accompany acostumbrados - accus-

tomed; used toactividades - activities activista - activist acumulaban - they were ac-

cumulating; used to ac-cumulate

adicciones - addictionsadmiraron - they admired adolescente - adolescent;

teen aérea - aerialafrocaribeña - Afro-

Caribbeanafuera - outside agosto - Augustagua - water ahora - now aire - airálbumes - albums

alcohol - alcoholalemán - German alemanes - Germans alemania - Germany algunos - some amiga - friend amigos - friends amor - love ángulos - angles aniversario - anniversary año - year anotó - noted; scored (in a

sport) anteojos - eye glasses antes - before antiguos - old (antique)antisemitismo - anti-Semi-

tism (hostility to orprejudice against Jews)

antropología - anthropology(study of human cul-tures)

anuncio - announcementapareció - s/he appearedaprendió - s/he learned

Glosario

aprobaba - s/he approvedarqueóloga - archaeologist

(female)arqueología - archaeology arqueólogo - archaeologist arrestado - arrested arrestaron - they arrestedartículos - articles; objects artista - artist asesinado - assassinated;

murdered asesinaron - they assassi-

nated; murderedasí - so asociadas - associated astronomía - astronomyastronómico - astronomical asumió - s/he assumedatada - tiedatención - attentionatleta - athlete ató - s/he tied atractivo - attractive atrapados - trapped atún - tuna audición - auditionavalanchas - avalanche

avión - airplane ayuda - s/he helpsayudaba - s/he was helping;

used to help ayudaban - they were help-

ing; used to help ayudar - to help ayudarles - to help them ayudaron - they helped ayudó - s/he helped balance - balance banco - bank banda - band barrer - to sweep barría - s/he was sweeping;

used to sweepbarriendo - sweeping batear - to bat (baseball)bebé - babybéisbol - baseballbeisbolista - baseball player besó - s/he kissed bien - well bilingües - bilingual botellas - bottlesbrillante - brilliant buen - good

Glosario

70

buena - good buenos - good buscaba - s/he was looking

for; used to look forbuscaban - they were look-

ing for buscando - looking for buscar - to look for buscaran - (that) they look

for buscarme - to look for me buscó - s/he looked for cabaret - cabaret (a night-

club where entertainersperform song anddance numbers)

caer - to fall café - café; coffeecalcular - to calculatecalendario - calendarcalmó - s/he calmed caminaba - s/he was walk-

ing; used to walkcaminar - to walk camino - path; road campamento - campcáncer - cancer

canción - song cantaba - s/he was singing;

used to sing cantando - singing cantante - singer cantar - to sing cantara - (that) s/he sing cantas - you sing canto - I sing cantó - s/he sang caos - chaoscapital - capitalcápsula - capsule capturado - captured capturó - s/he captured carga - cargo caridad - charity carrera - career casa - house(se) casa - s/he gets married casado - married casarme - to marry casar(te) conmigo - to marry

(yourself to) me(se) casaron - they got mar-

riedcasarse - to marry

Glosario

71

casi - almost (se) casó - s/he got married católico - Catholiccausa - cause causaban - they caused;

were causingcausó - s/he caused cayó - s/he fell celebraron - they celebratedcelebró - s/he celebrated centro - centerchilenos - Chileanschocó - s/he or it crashed ciencias - sciencescientífico - scientificcinco - five clima - climateclubes - clubscoche - car colega - colleaguecolumna vertebral - spinal

columncombinación - combination comer - to eat comían - they were eating;

used to eat comida - food

comieron - they ate cómo - how como - like; as compañías - companies compás - compass (Techni-

cal drawing instrumentthat can be used for in-scribing circles or arcs.Also used as a tool tomeasure distances, inparticular on maps.

competencias - competi-tions

completamente - com-pletely

completara - (that) s/hecomplete

completo - completecompletó - s/he completedcomprender - to compre-

hend; understandcomunicarse - to communi-

cate comunismo - communism comunistas - communistscon - with concentró - s/he concen-

trated

Glosario

72

conciertos - concertsconcreto - concreteconducían - they were driv-

ingcondujo - s/he droveconflictos - conflictsconfundido - confusedcongregación - congrega-

tionconmigo - with me conmoción - commotion conocer - to know; to meet conocida - known conocieron - they met conoció - s/he met conquistar - to conquerconsecuencia - conse-

quence consecutivos - consecutiveconservar - to conserve; pre-

serveconsideró - s/he considered consolarla - to console; to

comfortconstelaciones - constella-

tionsconstitucional - constitu-

tional

cónsul - consul (an officialappointed by a govern-ment to live in a for-eign city and protectand promote the gov-ernment's citizens andinterests there.)

contactos - contacts contemplar - to contemplatecontenta/o - content; happyconmigo - with mecontigo - with you continentes - continentscontinuar - to continue continuaron - they contin-

ued continuó - s/he continuedcontra - against contrato - contractcontrol - to control controlaba - s/he was con-

trollingconvencido - convincedconvirtió - s/he converted correcto - correctcorrespondencia - corre-

spondence

Glosario

73

costo - costcostumbres - customscrear- to createcreerlo - to believe it creía - s/he believed creían - they believed creo - I believe creyó - s/he believed criminales - criminals crisis - crisiscriticaba - s/he was criticiz-

ing criticaban - they were criti-

cizingcríticos - criticscuál - which cuando - when cuánto - how much cuántos - how many cuatro - four cubana - Cubancuestionó - questionedcuidaba - s/he cared for cuidaban - they cared for culturales - culturalcurioso - curious curvas - curves

daba - s/he was giving; usedto give

dado - givendarle - to give to him/her de - of; from decía - s/he used to say; was

saying decían - they used to say;

were saying decidieron - they decided decidió - s/he decideddecisión - decisiondeclaró - s/he declared dedicaba - s/he was dedicat-

ingdedicado - dedicateddedicarse - to dedicate one-

self dedicó - s/he dedicateddefendiendo - defending deformados - deformeddejaba - s/he was leaving;

used to leave (behind;alone)

dejado - left (behind; alone) dejar - to leave (behind;

alone)

Glosario

74

dejaron - they let; alloweddejó - s/he left (behind;

alone) democracia - democracydemocrático - democratic demostrarles - to demon-

strate; showdemostró - s/he demon-

strated; showeddentro - inside derrumbaba - it was col-

lapsing derrumbe - collapse derrumbó - it collapsed desaparecer - to disappear desaparecido - disappeareddesaparecidos - people who

have disappeared desaparecieron - they disap-

peareddesapareció - s/he disap-

peared desconsolado/a - uncon-

solabledescubrieron - they discov-

ereddescubrió - s/he discovered

desde - since desertado - deserted desesperados - desperate;

without hopedesierto - desertdespués - after destino - destination destruido - destroyed detectó - s/he detected determinación - determina-

tion determinado/a - determined devastados - devastateddía - day diagnóstico - diagnosis diamantes - diamondsdices - you say diciembre - Decemberdictador- dictatordieciséis - sixteen dieron - they gave diez - ten diferentes - different difícil- difficult dijeron - they said dijo - s/he said dinero - money

Glosario

75

dio - s/he gave discos - albums (discs) discriminación - discrimina-

tiondiscriminar - to discriminatedistancias - distancesdividir- to dividedoce - twelve doctor - doctordocumental - documentary documentalistas - people

who create documen-taries

dolor - pain doloroso - painful donaba - s/he donated; used

to donatedonde - where dónde - wheredonó - s/he donateddormía - s/he was sleeping;

used to sleep dormir - to sleep dos - two drogaron - they druggeddúo - duo; duet durante - during; for a time

durante - during; for a time durmiendo - sleeping economía - economy económica - economic educación - education educando - educatingél - he el - theelegante - elegant eliminar - to eliminateella - she ellas - they ellos - they embarazada - pregnant empezaron - they began empezó - s/he began empleados - employees en - in; onenamorado - in love encantaban - they en-

chanted (loved) encantadora - enchanting;

charming encantaron - they en-

chanted (loved) encantó - s/he enchanted

(loved)

Glosario

76

Glosario

77

encontrar - to find encontrar - to find; en-

counterencontraron - they found encontraron - they found;

encountered encontró - s/he found; en-

counteredenfermo - sickenfrente - in front enorme - enormousentrenador - trainer; coachentró - s/he entered escapar - to escape escape - escapeesconder - to hideescuela - school España - Spain español - Spanish especial - specialespecialistas - specialists especialmente - specially;

especially espectacular - spectacularesposa - wife (spouse)esposo - husband (spouse)establecer - to establish

establecieron - they estab-lished

estableció - s/he establishedestación - stationestado - stateEstados Unidos - United

States estómago - stomachestricto - strictestudiaba - s/he studied;

used to study estudiando - studyingestudiantes - students estudiar - to studyestudiara - (that) s/he study estudió - s/he studiedestudios - studiesEuropa - Europeexactamente - exactly excelente - excellent exiliada - exiledexistencia - existenceexistía - existed existían - they existedexperiencia - experience expertos - expertsexplosión - explosion

explotara - (that) it explode exponerlas - to expose themexpresar - to express extraordinario - extraordi-

naryfama - famefamilia - family familiares - family membersfamoso/a - famous fans - fans; aficionadosfarmacia - pharmacyfascinaban - they fascinatedfascinación - fascination fascinado - fascinated febrero - February festival - festival figuras - figures filmes - filmsfilosofía - philosophy final - finalfinalmente - finallyfinanciar - to finance firmemente - firmlyfísica - physicsflotaba - was floating forma - form; shape formaban - they formed;

used to form

formaron - they formedforzaron - they forced fotografiarlas - to photo-

graph themfotografió - s/he pho-

tographedfotos - photographs francés - French frío - coldfrustración - frustration fruta - fruit fundación - foundation funeral - funeral furioso - furious fútbol - soccerfuturo - futureganaría - he would earngarantizar - to guaranteegenuinamente - genuinelygeografía - geography gigante - giant gobierno - governmentgraduarse - to graduate grandes - large (grand) grupo - group guitarra - guitarhabilidad - ability

Glosario

78

helicóptero - helicopter historia - history; storyhora - hour (time)horrorizado - horrified hospitales - hospitalshotel - hotel humanidad - humanity iban - they were going; used

to go identificó - s/he identifiedidioma - language iglesia - church ignoró - s/he ignoredimágenes - imagesimpacto - impact impactó - s/he impacted importaba - was important importante - importantimpresionada - impressedincidente - incident incluso - including increíble - incredible independiente - independ-

ent indígena - indigenousinestable - unstable infiltrado - infiltrated

influencia - influenceinfluyas - (that) you influ-

ence informar - to inform ingenieros - engineersinglés - Englishinmediatamente - immedi-

atelyinmenso - immense insatisfacción - dissatisfac-

tioninseparables - inseperableinspeccionaron - they in-

spectedinspirando - inspiringinstrumentos - instrumentsinteligencia - intelligenceinteligente - intelligent intenso/a - intense interés - interest interesaban - they were in-

terestingintereses - interests internacional- internationalinterpretar - to interpret interrogó - s/he interrogated invierno - winter

Glosario

79

invitaban - they invited invitarlo - to invite him ir - to goirrigación - irrigationirse - to go awayjefe - boss Jesucristo - Jesus Christjonrones - home runsjoven - young; young personjuegos - games jueves - Thursday jugaba - s/he was playing;

used to play jugadas defensivas - defen-

sive playsjugador - player jugar - to play jugara - (that) s/he play jugó - s/he played julio - July junio - June justicia - justicela - the; it las - the; them latino - Latino personLatinoamérica - Latin Amer-

ica

le - to him or her legado - legacyles - to them leyes - lawslibre - freelibros - books licenciatura - license líder - leader liderazgo - leadership ligas - leagues líneas - lineslista - list literatura - literaturellama - s/he calls llamaba - s/he used to call llamar - to call llamara - (that) s/he call llamaron - they called llamas - you call llegaban - they were arrivingllegado - arrived llegar - to arrive llegara - (that) s/he arrive llegaran - (that) they arrive llegaron - they arrived llegó - s/he arrived lloraba - s/he was crying;

used to cry

Glosario

80

llorando - crying llorar - to cry lloraron - they cried lo - it; him local - local localizada - locatedlocalizar - to locateloco/a - crazy los - the; them luna - moon madre - mother mal - bad malo/a - bad mamá - mommanagers - managersmañana - morning; tomor-

row manifestaciones - demon-

strations; protests mano - hand mantener - to maintain mantuviera - (that) s/he

maintain mapas - maps maquinaria - machinerymaravilloso/a - marvelous;

wonderful

marcar - to markmarcarte - to mark youmarchan - they march marchando - marching marchar - to march marchara - (that) s/he march marcharon - they marched marzo - March (month) más - more masivo - massivematar - to kill matemáticas - math matrimonio - matrimony;

marriagemayo - May (month)mecánicos - mechanicsmejor - better; best mencionado - mentioned

mexicanos - Mexicans meñiques - pinkies (fingers) menor - younger menos - less mensajes - messagesmes - month México - Mexicomidió - s/he measured miedo - fear

Glosario

81

miembros - membersmientras - while milagrosamente - miracu-

lously militar - militarymilitares - people in the mil-

itary militarizado - militarizedmillones - millions mina - mineminero - minermira - s/he looks at; watches miraba - s/he was looking

at; watching mirando - looking at; watch-

ing miraron - they looked at;

watched miró - s/he looked at;

watched mismo/a - same momento - moment montaña - mountain montón - ton (a lot)morir - to die mucho - much muere - s/he dies

muerta - dead muerte - death muertos - dead mujer - woman mundial - world; worldwide mundo - world muriera - (that) s/he die murió - s/he died museo - museum música - musicmúsicos - musicians muy - very nacer - to be born naciera - (that) s/he be born nació - s/he was born naciste - you were born nada - nothing nadie - no one natural - natural navegar - to navegateNavidad - Christmas necesidad - necessity necesitada - needynecesitar - to need negro - black nerviosa - nervousni - neither; nor

Glosario

82

niña - girl ningún - none ninguno - none niño - boy noche - night nombre - name nombre - namenominada - nominatednormal - normalnormalmente - normally norte - north nos - us nosotros - we nota - s/he notes; noticesnoviembre - November nube - cloud nueve - nine nuevo/a - new numerosos - numerous nunca - never obligaba - s/he obligatedobligación - obligationobservadores - observersobservando - observingobservándolo - observing

him/itobservar - to observe

observó - s/he observed obsesión - obsessionobsesionado - obsessed obstaculos - obstaclesobstrucciones - obstructions obtener - to obtain obvia - obvious océano - oceanocho - eight octubre - October ocupada - occupied; busy ocuparan - (that) they oc-

cupy ocurrió - occured oficial - officialofrecieron - they offeredoír - to hear ojo - eye opción - optionoperación - operation operador - operatoroperaron - the operatedopinión - opinion oportunidad - opportunity orden - order ordenó - s/he ordered; put

in order

Glosario

83

organización - organizationorganizar - to organizeorganizó - s/he organizedorgulloso - proud oro - gold otro - other; another oxígeno - oxygen oyeron - they heard oyó - s/he heard padrastro - stepfather padre - father padres - parents país - country; nation palabra - word papá - dad; papapapel - paper para - for; in order to paralizado - paralyzedparecía - s/he or it seemed;

looked like parque - parkparte - part participar - to participate pasaba - s/he was passing;

spending (time) pasando - passing; spending

(time)

pasar - to pass; spend (time) pasara - (that) s/he pass;

spend (time) pasión - passionpasó - s/he passed; spent

(time) pastel - cake pastor - pastor paz - peace peligro - danger peligroso - dangerous peluca - wig pendiente - pending; about

to happenpendiente - pending; about

to happenpensaba - s/he was thinking;

used to think pensaban - they were think-

ing; used to think pensaron - they thought peores - worst pequeña - small perdonar - to pardon; for-

giveperdonaron - they pardonedperfecta - perfect

Glosario

84

periódico - newspaper permiso - permission pero - but perseveró - s/he persevered persistente - persistentpersona - person personalidad - personality piernas - legs pintar - to paint pistola - pistol picheo - pitching (baseball)picher - pitcher (baseball) planearon - they planned planetas - planetspobre - poor pobre - poor poco/a - a little poder - to be able to (could) podía - s/he could podían - they could podrían - they would be

able to podrías - you would be able

to policía - police política - political; politics políticos - politicians

polvo - dustpopular - popularpopularidad - popularitypor - for porque - because poseía - s/he possessedposesiones - possessionsposiblemente - possiblyposiciones - positionspostes - posts; pillars práctica - practicepracticaba - s/he was prac-

ticing; used to practicepreciosa - precious preguntó - s/he asked prematura - prematurepremio - prize premonición - premonition

(vision of the future) preparaba - s/he was prepar-

ing; used to prepare preparar - to prepare prepararon - they preparedpreparó - s/he preparedpresidenta - president (fe-

male)presión - pressure

Glosario

85

prestigiosos - prestigiousprimer(a) - first prisión - prison privada - private problema - problemproceso - process profesión - profession profesional - professionalprofesionalmente - profes-

sionallyprofesor - professor; teacher promedio de bateo - batting

average propagandear - to spread

propagandaproteger - to protect protestas - protests próximo - next públicamente - publicly publicidad - publicitypúblico - public; audiencepublicó - s/he published pudiera - (that) s/he could pudieron - they could pudo - s/he could pueda - (that) s/he can puede - s/he can

puedes - you can que - that qué - what quechua - indigenous cul-

ture and language inthe Andes mountain re-gion

quedaba - s/he was staying;remaining

(se) quedaron - they stayed;remained

quedarse - to stay; remain quería - s/he wanted querían - they wanted quién - who quienes - who quiere - s/he wants quieres - you want quiero - I want quince - fifteen quiso - s/he wanted quitaron - they took off;

took awayraciales - racialraciones - rations; portionsracismo - racismradio - radio

Glosario

86

rápidamente - quickly rápido - quickraro - strange razón - reason reaccionar - to react real - realrealmente - reallyrebelaron - they rebelled recibían - they receivedrecibieran - (that) they re-

ceive recibió - s/he received reclutarlo - to recruit himreclutaron - they recruitedrecomendaba - s/he used to

recommend recomendó - s/he recom-

mended reconocerte - to recognize

you reconozcas - (that) you rec-

ognize recuperación - recoveryrecuperar - to recover reemplazó - s/he replaced refugio - refuge; place of

safety

regresaban - they were re-turning

regresado - returned regresar - to return regreses - (that) you return regresó - s/he returned reina - queen relación - relationshipreligión - religion(de) repente - suddenlyreporteros - reportersrequiere - requiresrescatados - rescued rescatados - rescuedrescatar - to rescue rescatar - to rescuerescataron - they rescuedrescate - rescue rescate - rescue residencia - residence respetaban - they respectedrespetable - respectablerespetado - respected respetar - to respectrespeto - respect respirar - to breathe respondió - s/he responded

Glosario

87

responsabilidad - responsi-bility

restaurante - restaurant resto - rest resultó - resulted reunió - s/he reunited; met reuniones - reunions; meet-

ings rezar - to pray ricos - rich roca - rockromántico - romantic rompió los meñiques - s/he

broke the pinkies (fin-gers)

ropa - clothing ruidos - noises rumores - rumorsruta - routerutina - routinesabía - s/he knew sabían - they knew salarios - salaries saldría - s/he would leave saliera - (that) s/he leave salieron - they left salió - s/he left

salir - to leave salsa - salsa music saltó - s/he jumped sangre - blood sano y salvo - safe and

soundsantería - Afro-Cuban reli-

gion developed fromthe beliefs and customsof the Yoruba peopleand incorporatingsome elements of theCatholic religion.

sé - I know secretaria - secretarysecretos - secretsseguramente - surely; safely seis - six semanas - weeks señor - Mr.; a man; sir señora - Mrs.; a woman;

ma’am sentaba - s/he was sitting sentado - seated sentarse - to sit sentenciado - sentenced(se) sentía - s/he was feeling

Glosario

88

(se) sentó - s/he sat (down)separaron - they separated septiembre - Septemberser - to be será - s/he will be sería - s/he would be serie - series si - if sí - yes sido - been siempre - always siete - seven significado - significance;

meaning sigue - s/he follows; contin-

uessigue siendo - s/he or it con-

tinues to be siguiente - next; followingsimplemente - simply sin - without sincero - sincere sindicato - labor union sino - rather (se) sintió - s/he feltsistema - system sitio - site; place

situación - situation sobre - about sobrina - niece social - socialsogas - ropes sol - sun soldados - soldierssombrero - hat son - they are sorpresa - surprisesu - his; hers sueño - dream suficiente - sufficientsufría - s/he was sufferingsufrían - they were sufferingsufrió - s/he sufferedsufrir - to suffer supiera - (that) s/he know supo - s/he learned; found

out sur - south sus - his; hers tabaco - tobaccotaladrando - drilling taladrar - to drill taladro - drill talento - talent

Glosario

89

también - also tan - so; so much tanto - so muchtarde - late; afternoon te - you técnica - technique tecnología - technologyteléfono - telephonetelescopio - telescope televisión - televisiontendría - s/he would have tendrían - they would have tener - to have tengo - I have tenía - s/he had tenían - they had tenido - had tensiones - tensions terminal - terminalterremoto - earthquake terrible - terribleterroríficos - terrifying terrorista - terrorist ti - you tía - aunt tiempo - timetiene - s/he has

tienes - you have tímida - timid; shy típicos - typical tocaba - s/he was touching;

playing (music) tocando - touching; playing

(music) tocara - (that) s/he touch;

play (music) tocarla - to touch; play

(music) tocó - s/he touched; played

(music) todo/a - all; everything tomaban - they were taking tomado - taken tomar - to take tomó - s/he took topógrafo - topographertorturaron - they torturedtotal - total trabajaba - s/he was work-

ing; used to work trabajaban - they were

working; used to work trabajadores - workers trabajando - working

Glosario

90

trabajar - to work trabajó - s/he worked trabajo - work; job tradición - traditiontradicional - traditionaltragedia - tragedytrataba - s/he was tryingtrato - I try trece - thirteen treinta - thirty tres - three triste - sad tristemente - sadly trompeta - trumpettú - you tumor - tumortúnel - tunnel turno - turn; shift (of work) tuvieran - (that) they have tuvieron - they had tuvo - s/he had último/a - last un(a) - a; an; one único - only unida - united; close universidad - university universitarios - related to a

university

uno - one usar - to use usaron - they usedusó - s/he used uso - use va - s/he goes valiente - valiant; brave varios - various; severalvas - you go vayas - (that) you go veces - times veía - s/he saw ver - to see verano - summer vete - go away vez - time vida - life vieran - (that) they see vieron - they saw vio - s/he saw visión - visionvisitaba - s/he was visiting;

used to visit visitar - to visit visitaron - they visited vivía - s/he lived vivieran - (that) they live

Glosario

91

vivir - to live viviría - s/he would live vivos - alive volver - to return volví - I returned volviera - (that) s/he return volvió - returnedvotaron - they voted voy - I go voz - voice vuelos - flightsy - and ya - now; already yo - I zapatos – shoes

Glosario

92

https://fluencymatters.com/product-category/materials/materials-featured-novels/

Leyendas ImpactantesNovice and Intermediate versions(Two versions under one cover!)

6 traditional legends, from 6 different Latin Amer-ican cultures, each told twice to make them acces-sible for both novice and intermediate students!Students will enjoy tales of love, mystery, in-trigue, deception, helpful and dangerous dieties,demons and curses!

More compelling reads from...

Edi el elefante Perfect picture book for beginners!Present & Past Tense - 55 unique wordsEdi is a talented elephant, but he is very small.Edi does not want to be talented or small; hewants to be BIG! One day, Edi discovers that asmall animal can solve a big problem and thatbeing small is not so horrible after all.

NEW TITLES

Available July 2018!

Brandon Brown versus YucatánPast & Present Tense - 140 unique words(Two versions under one cover!)

In Mexico, bad decisions and careless mischief canbring much more trouble than a 12-year-old boy canhandle alone. Will he and his new friend, outwit theirparents? (Also available in French)

El nuevo HoudiniPast & Present Tense - 200 unique words(Two versions under one cover!)

Brandon is dying to drive his father's T-bird while hisparents are on vacation. Will he fool his parents andwin the girl of his dreams in the process? (Also avail-able in French & Russian)

Brandon Brown quiere un perroPresent Tense - 103 unique words

Determined to get a dog, Brandon will do almost any-thing, but will he do everything it takes to keep one…a secret? (Also available in French, Italian, Latin, Chi-nese & German)

Brandon Brown dice la verdadPresent Tense - 75 unique words

Brandon quickly discovers that not telling the truth cancreate big problems and a lot of stress! Will he win inthe end, or will he decide that honesty is the best pol-icy? (Also available in French)

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Brandon Brown Series

Bianca Nieves y los 7 toritosPast Tense - 150 unique wordsBullfighting is a dangerous sport, and there is noth-ing more menacing than facing a raging bull in themiddle of the ring. All eyes are on the great torero,‘El Julí,’ as he faces off against the most ferociousbull in the land, but nobody, aside from his daugh-ter, Bianca, seems to notice that his greatest threatwalks on two legs, not four. In her attempt to warn

and save her father, Bianca soon realizes that fighting an angry bull ismuch safer than battling greed and deception.

Additional Titles

Frida KahloPast Tense - 160 unique wordsFrida Kahlo (1907-1954) is one of Mexico's greatestartists, a remarkable achievement for someone whospent most of her relatively short life wracked withpain. Frida expressed her pain through her art, pro-ducing some 143 paintings, 55 of which were self-portraits. To this day, she remains an icon of strength,

courage and audacity. This brief biography provides a glimpse into herturbulent life and her symbolic art.

El Ekeko: Un misterio bolivianoPresent Tense - 190 unique wordsPaco is disappointed when his mother suggests thathe replace his worn out shoes with his grandfather’sold boots. He reluctantly goes to the closet and grad-ually realizes that the closet holds much more thanhis grandfather’s old boots and a box of letters. Hid-den among his grandfather’s possessions is a gift that

has potential to bring some startling surprises and unexpected conse-quences.

Felipe Alou: Desde los valles a las montañasPast Tense - 150 unique wordsThis is the true story of one of Major League Base-ball’s greatest players and managers, Felipe RojasAlou. When Felipe left the Dominican Republic in1955 to play professional baseball in the UnitedStates, he had no idea that making it to the ‘BigLeague’ would require much more than athelticismand talent. He soon discovers that language barriers,

discrimination and a host of other obstacles would prove to be the mostmenacing threats to his success. (Also available in English & French;unique word count approximately 300.)

EsperanzaPresent Tense, 1st person - 200 unique words

This is the true story of a family caught in the middleof political corruption during Guatemala's 36-yearcivil war. Tired of watching city workers endurecountless human rights violations, Alberto organizesa union. When he and his co-workers go on strike,Alberto’s family is added to the government's "exter-

mination" list. The violent situation leaves Alberto separated from hisfamily and forces them all to flee for their lives. Will their will to survivebe enough to help them escape and reunite?

Piratas del Caribe y el mapa secretoPresent Tense - 180 unique wordsThe tumultuous, pirate-infested seas of the 1600'sserve as the historical backdrop for this fictitiousstory of adventure, suspense and deception. Rumorsof a secret map abound in the Caribbean, and HenryMorgan (François Granmont, French version) willstop at nothing to find it. (Also available in French)

Piratas del Caribe y el Triángulo de lasBermudasPast Tense - 280 unique wordsWhen Tito and his father set sail from Florida toMaryland, they have no idea that their decision topass through the Bermuda Triangle could completelychange the course of their voyage, not to mention thecourse of their entire lives!

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Noches misteriosas en GranadaPresent Tense - Fewer than 300 unique wordsKevin leaves for a summer in Spain, and his lifeseems anything but perfect. He escapes into a bookand enters a world of long-ago adventures. As theboundaries between his two worlds begin to blur, hediscovers that nothing is as it appears...especially atnight! (Also available in French)

Noche de oroPast Tense - 290 unique wordsNow a college student, Makenna Parker returns toCosta Rica as a volunteer and finds unexpected ro-mance that lands her in the middle of a perilousscheme. Does Martín really have good intentions, andwhat are he and his stepfather up to? Will Makennadiscover the truth before it’s too late?’

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Kristy Placido

Robo en la noche (Prequel to Noche de Oro)Past & Present Tense - 380 unique wordsFifteen-year-old Makenna Parker had reservationsabout moving to Costa Rica, but didn’t know that miss-ing her home would be the least of her worries. Shefinds herself in the middle of an illegal scheme, andit’s a race against time to save the treasured macaws.(Present tense version available in French)

Problemas en ParaísoPast Tense - 250 unique wordsVictoria Andalucci and her 16-year-old son are enjoy-ing a fun-filled vacation in Mexico. A typicalteenager, Tyler spends his days on the beach with theother teens from Club Chévere, while his mother at-tends a conference and explores Mexico. Her questfor adventure is definitely quenched, as she ventures

out of the resort and finds herself alone and in a perilous fight for her life!Will anyone be able to save her? (Also available in French)

Santana Past tense - 210 unique words

Carlos Santana is a legendary Mexican Americanmusician. He started out as a poor child in a tiny Mex-ican village and transformed himself into an icon ofRock ‘n’ Roll. His story illustrates the ups and downsinherent in any journey of success and the power ofperseverance. Whether or not you are a fan of Santana,

his story will leave you inspired!

Vidas impactantes Past tense - 250 unique wordsExplore the fascinating stories of six influential and in-spirational Spanish-speakers whose lives have beenimpactful. A baseball star who gave his life helpingothers, a Cuban exile turned superstar, a mother whonever gave up the search for her missing son, a para-lyzed soccer star who fought his way to the top in a

new profession, a woman who revealed the secrets of history, and a shiftsupervisor in a mine who didn’t realize his shift would last 70 days! Youmay have heard of these impactful individuals, but after reading their sto-ries you are sure to feel inspired.

Kristy Placido

Los Baker van a Perú375 unique words(Past & Present Tense - 2 versions under one cover!)Are the Baker family’s unfortunate mishaps brought onby bad luck or by the curse of the shrunken head? Jointhe Bakers as they travel through Peru and experiencea host of cultural (mis)adventures that are full of fun,excitement and suspense!

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La maldición de la cabeza reducida375 unique wordsHailey and Jason think they have rid themselves of thecursed shrunken head now that they are back homefrom their family trip to Peru. Their relief quickly givesway to shock, as they realize that their ordeal has onlyjust begun. Returning the head and appeasing the Jí-varo tribe become a matter of life and death! Will Hai-ley and Jason beat the odds?

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La Llorona de MazatlánPast Tense - Fewer than 300 unique wordsLaney Morales’ dream of playing soccer in Mexicosoon turns into a nightmare, as she discovers that thespine-chilling legends of old may actually be modernmysteries. Why does no one else seem to hear or seethe weeping woman in the long white dress? Laneymust stop the dreadful visits, even if it means comingface to face with…La Llorona.

Rebeldes de TejasPast Tense - Fewer than 280 unique wordsWhen Mexican dictator, Santa Anna, discovers thatthousands of U.S. citizens have spilled into the Mex-ican state of Texas and seized the Alamo, he is deter-mined to expel or kill all of them. What will happenwhen Mexican Juan Seguín finds himself fighting forTexas and against his country’s dictator?

Hasta la sepulturaPast tense - Fewer than 400 unique wordsIn 1500, Queen Isabella issued an official decree per-manently closing the secret passageways that lie belowthe city of Salamanca... Nico and Adriana decided to ex-plore them and it will prove more dangerous than eitherimagined. They discover that the legendary evil thatlurks below Salamanca is not so mythical after all…

VectorPast tense - Fewer than 400 unique wordsA vector of venom infects Antonio, a Panamanianteenager, with an illness that has far-reaching conse-quences. He is transported back in time to work on theconstruction of the Panama Canal. Is his eerie displace-ment reversible or will he finish his life working on oneof the most dangerous construction sites in history?

La hija del sastrePast tense - Fewer than 500 unique wordsGrowing up in a Republican family during Franco'sfascist rule of Spain, Emilia Matamoros discovers justhow important keeping a secret can be! After her fa-ther, a former captain in the Republican army, goesinto hiding, Emilia not only must work as a seam-stress to support her family, she must work to guard asecret that will protect her father and save her familyfrom certain death. Will her innocence be lost and will

she succumb to the violent tactics of Franco's fascist regime?

La Guerra SuciaPast tense - Fewer than 600 unique wordsAmerican Journalist and single mother, Leslie Cor-rales travels to Argentina to investigate the suspiciousdisappearance of ‘Raúl,’ the son of Magdalena Casas-novas. When Leslie discovers that Raúl, along with10’s of thousands of other suspected dissidents, hassuffered horrific atrocities at the hands of the Argen-tine government, she finds herself in a life-altering

series of events. Will she escape with her life and with the informationshe needs to help the Argentine people?

La Calaca AlegrePast tense - Fewer than 425 unique wordsDoes Carlos really suffer from post-traumatic stress dis-order, or are his strange sensations and life-like night-mares much more real than anyone, including Carlos,believes? Determined to solve the mystery of hismother’s disappearance, Carlos decides to return toChicago to face his fears and find his mother, even if itmeans living out his nightmares in real life. As he un-

covers the mystery, he discovers the truth is much more complex and evilthan he ever imagined.

Vida y muerte en La Mara SalvatruchaPast tense - Fewer than 400 unique wordsThis compelling drama recounts life (and death) in oneof the most violent and well-known gangs in Los Ange-les, La Mara Salvatrucha 13. This is a gripping story ofone gang member’s struggle to find freedom.