video technology
DESCRIPTION
Video Technology. The Camera – Your Visual Storytelling Tool. Some review of what we should know by now…. Video Scanning Process. Pixels Persistence of vision NTSC 525 scan lines (480 used) x 640 rows 4:3 aspect ratio 30 fps interlaced -- 60 fields. Video Scanning Process. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Video Technology
The Camera – Your Visual Storytelling Tool
Some review of what we should know by now…
Video Scanning Process
PixelsPersistence of visionNTSC 525 scan lines (480 used) x 640
rows 4:3 aspect ratio 30 fps interlaced -- 60 fields
Video Scanning Process…..cont…. HDTV / DTV 480 720 1080 scan lines Interlaced or progressive scan 24, 30, or 60 frame rate ‘4K’/ Ultra HD now available
Blu Ray move up to 4K
Encoding and decoding visual and aural information
Film
The film itself is the imaging device Fast vs. slow Color vs. B&W Negative vs. reversal Tungsten or daylight
Video: it’s the chip that changes light information into electrical information CCD or CMOS sensor
Principles of video color
Light hits chip (1 or 3 chips)Beam splitter splits into the 3 primary colors (electrical signals)Other end—LCD, Plasma, LED etc.3 attributes of color Hue, saturation, luminance
Chrominance : hue & saturation
Color (cont.)
HUE...
Primary colors: RGB
Complementary colors
Cyan, magenta, yellow
White: all colors; Black: absence
Color
continued...
Saturation
Intensity or vividness of color
Hue & Saturation=chrominance
Luminance = brightness
Vectorscope & waveform monitor
Camera Lens
Focal length…how wide or narrowFixed focal length (prime)Zoom Lens Distance from front to back glass
Focus: soft, sharpDepth of field / rack focus, selective focus
Camera Lenses
Front focus to focus a zoom lensBack focus : use macro flange at back of lensF-stop aperture (iris opening) F-22, 16, 11, 8, 5.6, 4 (double/half) Don’t use to compensate for lighting
CCU and Cameras
CCU for settings
Tally lights
Lighting & filters (next week)
White balance
Critical focus
AGC / gain / decibels
Reminder – Shot composition
WS/MS/CUMagic of Movie Editing Shot, Master Scene, Invisible Editing Language of visual storytelling
Cut Off LinesPoint of View / AnglesEye Line, Rule of Thirds, ‘painting’
Camera Mounts & movementsLook back at field of view LS/WS, est. shot, MS, CU, 2-shot, ots
or o/s, head room, look space, cut-off lines, lead room, etc.
Depth composition –lighting, plus Z-axis, foreground image, vanishing point,
selective focus, depth of field
Angle : eye level/high/low/canted Symmetrical shots
Camera Mounts & movements
Pedestal or tripod Jib, crane, dolly, track,
Mounting head (friction or fluid)
Camera movements Pan, tilt, truck, dolly, arc, zoom, boom,
crane, steady-cam, tracking, DVE, robotic control
Cinematography
Framing the shot, PLUSGood lighting and camera setting‘Beautiful image’ Visualize it Implement It
‘Artist’
Pull this togetherDevelop a great ideaCommunicate to an audience Script development
Understand and use the technical issues of the equipment‘Visual Storytelling’ – content to the Target Audience appeals