American University in Cairo

Political Science Department

Spring-2013

Instructor: Dr. Ashraf El Sherif

Wednesday 5-7:15

Office hours: Sundays and Wednesday 12:30-2:00

RM 2006

Email: aelsherif@aucegypt.edu

The causes of revolt are usually a combination of political and economic factors. The Egyptians fought against British colonialism, authoritarianism, poverty, unemployment and inflation. In order to understand the history of modern Egypt, we need to explore how power relations both internal and external have affected the process of modernization, political and economic strategies, the type of state and citizens wrights. We will focus in this course on the January 25th revolution, its causes and its effects on the long-term questions that were never solved during the last 200 years such as the type of state (secular or religious; democratic or authoritarian), economic strategy (liberal or dirigiste), the role of the state in the economy and form of society (organic or based on individual rights) and the future of state and society.

This course offers a historical and thematic analysis of the nature and dynamics of modern Egyptian politics in the lead to the 2011 revolution and after; including the state institutions, civil-military relations, parliaments and political parties, ideology and political economy. Such themes will include but are not limited to the following:, the rise of the second republic, civil participation, social movements, civil society, ideological actors, the role of the

military, parliamentary elections, presidential elections and the evolving legal structure.

COURSE PHILOSOPHY

A sage (Karl Jaspers) once said: “University life is no less dependent on students than on professors.  The best professors flounder helplessly at a school where the student body is unfit.  Hence, it is all up to the young people who are supposedly entitled to study. They must show themselves worthy of this privilege to the best of their ability.”

This course has been organized on the premise that you are worthy of this privilege. The success of this course depends entirely on your continued and sustained participation. Thus, I ask that you be agile participants and intervene as often as possible in class discussion by posing questions and comments or even disagreements (based on additional or alternative readings or personal experiences). 

In this course you will be exposed to a wide range of ideas, norms, preferences, and values different from your own. This exposure may force you to question, rethink (and if needed, abandon) your present "understanding" of Political Islam. Who knows by the end of the course you might feel that you have taken part in a serendipitous voyage of discovery!

In the course, we will analyze such categories as states, classes, ethnicity, and modes of production, ideologies, elites, civic culture, and gender that have been used to shed light on the various political configurations in this region. The readings will introduce the students to some of the more important scholarship on the subject, and form the springboard for interactive class discussions. My role is to steer class discussion and engender an informal participatory class environment where we can all search collectively for the broader understanding of the subject matter at hand. Importantly, an excess of readings

was given for each theme and students will be left with the choice of selecting from the given readings.

Please do not hesitate to drop by my office should you have problems with the course, or just want to talk.  My office hours provide us with an opportunity to get to know each other better. So, it is incumbent upon you to take advantage of my office hours to pursue interests and concerns not raised in class. Students who may need special consideration because of any sort of disability should make an appointment to see me in private at the beginning of the semester.   

 

ACADEMIC QUALITY

In addition to the above issue, my main priority now is to promote academic quality and make sure that students who come out of my classes meet the highest educational standards. This is a shared responsibility of the instructor and the students. My part is to come to class prepared, update my lectures, be involved, address your questions, and be available during office hours. Your part is to come to class on time, do the readings in advance, raise questions and participate effectively in class discussions, turn in your assignments on time, and be involved. Let us all strive to fight mediocrity (According to Oxford Dictionary, a mediocre person is: indifferent, ordinary, common place, average, medium, third-rate, inferior, and poor).

COURSE REQUIREMENTS

Attendance and classroom participation 10%

In view of the fact that lectures and presentations will complement rather than reiterate the assigned readings, it is

expected that you attend all class meetings. You will be held responsible for all the material we cover in readings, lectures, and films. Attendance is also mandatory for all exams, and make-ups will be given only for bona fide emergencies (i.e., severe illness documented by a physician).  Participation: In addition to being physically present, I expect you to be mentally present as well!  As such, you should complete all assigned readings before each class meeting, so that you are familiar with the concepts, facts, theories, and controversies with which we are dealing.

Presentations 30%

Each student should give three presentations related to the week’s topic outlining aspects not included in the reading list

Book Review 30%

 Min 4000 words on a pre-approved book- due March 27 th

Final research paper 30%

Min 8000 words on a pre-approved topic due May 15 th

COURSE OUTLINE

Week 1. February 6th Introduction: Theories of revolution

Jack, Goldstone, Revolutions, Theoretical, Comparative, and Historical Studies,Introduction

Arab Human Development Report 2004: Towards Freedom in the Arab World. pgs: summary: 28-45.

Freedom House. Worst of the Worst 2011: The World’s Most Repressive Societies. 2011.

Goldstone, J. A. (2001). Toward a Fourth Generation of Revolutionary Theory. Annual Review of Political Science 4: 139–187.

Political, Social, and Economic Indicators of the Middle East, Appendix, in The Arab Awakening, America and the Transformation of the Middle East. edited by Kenneth Pollak Brookings Press.

Weeks two and three : February 13th and 20th

DEMOCRACY AND STATE STRUCTURE IN EGYPT STATE, SOCIETY & THE MILITARY

- Ayubi, Nazih, Overstating the Arab state, chapters one, three(pp 99-107), six and eight

- Robert Springborg, Mubarak's Egypt, chap. 2, Mubarak, the political elite…

- Robert Springborg, Mubarak's Egypt, chap 5, the system of political control.

- Alterman, Jon B.: “Egypt Stable but for how Long?” The Washington Quarterly • 23:4, 2000

- Amer, Rawia M.: “State Society Relations and Regional Role: Comparing Egypt and South Africa,” www. mercprogram.org/pdf/merc_proposals/rawia_tawfik.pdf

- Axelrod, Matthew Craig: “Aid as Leverage? Understanding the U.S.-Egypt Military Relationship,” Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Master of Arts April 2011,www.lauder.wharton.upenn.edu/pages/pdf/other/Axelrod.pdf -

- Cook, Steven: “Political Instability in Egypt,” Council on Foreign Relations, Center for Preventive Action, 2009

- Dorman, W Judson: The Politics of Neglect: The Egyptian State in Cairo, 1974-98. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 2007, Introduction

- Frisch, Hillel: “Guns and Butter in the Egyptian Army,” Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol. 5, No. 2, Summer 2001

- Hassan, Hamdy A.: “Civil Society in Egypt under the Mubarak Regime,” Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, Volume 2, No. 2.2 Quarter II 2011

- Ottaway, Marina and Amr Hamzawy: “Protest Movements and Political Change in the Arab World,” Carnegie Policy Outlook, January 28, 2011

- Paciello, Maria Cristina: “Egypt: Changes and Challenges of Political Transition,” MEDPRO Technical Report No. 4/May 2011

- Sharp, Jeremy M. : “Egypt in Transition,” CRS Report for Congress, September 2011

- - Jason Brownlee. A New Generation of Autocracy in Egypt. The Brown journal of world affairs. Fall/Winter 2007. volume xiv, issue

- -Evaluating Egyptian Reform by Dunne, Michele, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace January 2006

- Collombier, Virginie, The Internal Stakes of the 2005 Elections: The Struggle for the Influence of Egypt’s National Democratic Party , The Middle East Journal (2007)

- Ottaway, Marina. Egypt’s Democracy: Between the Military, Islamists and Illiberal Democrats. CEIP. Carnegie Middle East Program,2011.Online.

- Karawan, Ibrahim>”Politics and the Army in Egypt” Survival.2011.Vol.53,Pp.43-49. Online.

Weeks 4 and 5 (February 27th and March 6th)

DEMOCRACY

- Aubi, Nazih, Over-stating the Arab State, chapter 11 - Aknur, Müge: “The Reversal of Political Liberalization in

Egypt,” Ege Academic Review , Issue 7, No.1, 2007- Aymat, Esra Bulut ed.: “Egyptian Democracy and the

Muslim Brotherhood,” European Union Institute for Security Studies. Report No.10, November 2011,www.iss.europa.eu/.../egyptian-democracy-and-the-muslim-brotherhood/

- Blaydes, Lisa: “Electoral Budget Cycles under Authoritarianism: Economic Opportunism in Mubarak's Egypt,” www.stanford.edu/~blaydes/ Budget .pdf

- Blaydes, Lisa: “Who Votes in Authoritarian Elections and Why? Determinants of Voter Turnout in Contemporary Egypt,” Paper presented at the 2006 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, August 31 - September 3 2006, Philadelphia PA

- Dabrowski, Marek et al: “Egypt’s Democratic Transition Five Important Myths about the Economy and International Assistance,” Legatum Institute and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in association with the Atlantic Council, www.carnegieendowment.org/.../egypt...democratic-transition-five-i..

- Elmedni, Bakry: “Civil Society and Democratic Transformation in Contemporary Egypt: Premises and Promises,” www.7tad.org/documents/WG2/ElMedni.pdf -

- Erle, Jakob, Jakob Mathias Wichmann, Alexander Kjærum: “The Future of Egypt’s Democracy: The Voice of the Egyptian Voter,” Report Danish-Egyptian Dialogue Institute and Al Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, dedi.org.eg/.../ The-Future-of-Egypts - Democracy-The-Voice- of-the-Egyptian - Voter 1.pdf

- Farah, Nadia Ramsis: “The State, Democracy and Development,” in Nadia Farah: Egypt’s Political Economy: Power Relations in Development. Cairo: AUC Press, 2009, Chapter 2

- Fattah, Moataz A. : “Egypt’s Ideological Polarization: A Challenge to Liberal Democracy,” Political Science Research Series, December 2005

- Hassan, Hamdy A. : “State versus society in Egypt: Consolidating democracy or upgrading autocracy,” African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Vol. 4(9), December 2010

- Kausch, Kristina: “Assessing Democracy Assistance: Egypt,” FRIDE, Project Report, May 2010, www.fride.org/download/IP_WMD_Egypt_ENG_jul10.pdf -

- Pioppi, Daniella et al: “Egypt: A Neo Authoritarian State Steering the Winds of Change,” The German Marshall Fund of the United States, 2011, www.gmfus.org/

- Pioppi, Daniella et al: “Transition to What: Egypt’s Uncertain Departure from Neo-Authoritarianism,” Mediterranean Paper Series , The German Marshall Fund of the United States, 2011, www.gmfus.org/publications.

- Lisa Anderson, Searching Where the Light Shines: Studying Democratization in the Middle East, Annual Review Political science, 2006. 9:189-214.

- Larry Diamond, Why Are There No Arab Democracies? Journal of Democracy, January 2010.

- Gerd Nonneman, Rentiers and Autocrats, Monarchs and democrats, State and Society: the Middle East between globalization, human agency and Europe, International Affairs 77, (2001) 141-162.

- Gregory Gause, “Why Middle Eastern Studies Missed the Arab Spring,” Foreign Affairs, July-Aug 2011.

- Maha Abdelrahman. Civil society exposed. Chap. 6.

- Samer Soliman. The State and syndicates crisis in Egypt. In Egypt's Human development report. 2007.

- May Kassem. In the guise of democracy. Chap. 3.

-Albrecht, Holger (2005), “How Can Opposition Support Authoritarianism? Lessons from Egypt,” Democratization, 12, 3, pp. 378-397

Weeks 6 & 7 and 8 (March 13- 27)

RELIGION AS POLITICAL IDEOLOGY - Heffelfinger, Chris: “Trends in Egyptian Salafi Activism,”

Combating Terrorism Center (CTC) Report , December 2007, http://www.ctc.usma.edu

- Horrocks, John: Moderate Islam- A Contradiction in Terms or a Political Force for the 21 st Century? Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence, School of International Relations, University of St Andrews, October 2006

- El Houdaiby, Ibrahim: “Trends in Political Islam in Egypt,” in Islamist Radicalisation: The Challenge for Euro-Mediterranean Relations, Center for European Policy Study, Brussels, Belgium, 2009

- Farah, Nadia Ramsis: “ “Politicized Religion, Conflict & Development,” in Nadia Farah: Egypt’s Political Economy: Power Relations in Development. Cairo: AUC Press, 2009, Chapter 3

- Jaafar, Rudy : “An Islamic Revolution in Egypt?” The Fletcher School Online Journal for issues related to Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization Spring 2004, Article 3

- Moustafa, Tamir: “The Islamist Trend in Egyptian Law,” Simons Papers in Security and Development , No. 2/2010 | May 2010

- Pioppi, Daniella: “Is There an Islamist Alternative in Egypt?” IAI WORKING PAPERS 11 | 03 – February 2011

- Shahin, Emad El-Din: “Political Islam in Egypt,” CEPS Working Document No. 266/May 2007

- Meir Hatina. On the margins of consensus: the call to separate religion and the state in modern Egypt. Middle Eastern Studies, Jan2000, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p35, 33p.

- Farha Ghannam. Remaking the modern: space, relocation, and the politics of identity in a global Cairo . Chap. 4.

- “A Brief Introduction to the salafi Da’wa.” Islamic Network. 2010. Online at

- http://www.islaam.net/main/display_article_printview.php?id=72, accessed 15 April 2010;

- Haykel, Bernard. “On the Nature of Salafi Thought and Action: Appendix al-Qaeda’s creed and path.” Meijer, ed. Global Salafism: Islam’s New Religious Movement;

- Salomon, Noah. “The Salafi Critique of Islamism: Doctrine, Difference and the problem of Islamic Political Action in Contemporary Sudan.” Meijer, ed. Global Salafism, opt.cit;

- Lacroix, Stephane. Between Revolution and Apoliticiam: Nasir al-Din al-Albani and his Impact on the Shaping of Contemporary Salafism” Meijer, ed. Global Salafism, ot.cit;

- Mandeville, Peter “Sufis and Salafis: The Political Discourse of Transnational Islam,” Hefner, Remaking Muslim Politics, op.cit;

- Beinin, Joel (2005). "Political Islam and the New Global Economy: The Political Economy of an Egyptian Social Movement." The New Centennial Review 5 (1): 111-139.

- Carnegie Papers « Islamists in Politics – The Dynamics of Participation” ,2008

Marina Ottoway & Amr Hamzawy;

Carnegie Papers “Islamic Movements and the Democratic Process in the Arab world” 2006 Nathan Brown, Amr Hamzawi, Marina Ottaway;

- Journal of Democracy , July 2008 “Islamist Parties –A boon or a bane for democracy?” Amr Hamzawi &Nathan J. Brown

- “Islamist Notions of Democracy” by Gudrun Kraemer in Beinin/Stork Political Islam: Essays from Middle East report.

- Baker, Raymond William. Islam without Fear, chapters 5 and 6 and conclusions

- Ashraf El-Sherif: Islamism after the Arab Spring, Current History, December 2011.

- Shadi Hamid, Islamists and the Brotherhood: Political Islam and the Arab Spring, in the Arab Awakening book.

- Muhammad Qasim Zaman. Pluralism, Democracy and the Ulama. from Hefner’s Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation and Democratization ;Piscatori, James (2000). Islam, Islamists, and the Electoral Principle in the Middle East. Leiden: ISIM.

- Assef Bayat. Making Islam democratic, chapter 1;- Langohr, Vickie(2001). “Of Islamists and Ballot Boxes:

Rethinking the Relationship between Islamisms and Electoral Politics”. International Journal of Middle East Studies 33 (4):591-610..

- Ashraf El Sherif .. Islamists and democracy (unpublished manuscript)

- El-Ghobashi, Mona. The metamorphosis of the Egyptian Muslim Brothers, International Journal of. Middle East Studies, 37 (2005), 373– 395.

- Baker, Raymond: “Invidious comparisons: Realism, Postmodern Globalism, and Centrist Islamic Movements in Egypt in “Esposito, John ed., AUC Press, 1997 “Political Islam: Revolution, radicalism or reform?” p. 115-133;

- Shadi Hamid, Islamists and the Brotherhood: Political Islam and the Arab Spring, in the Arab Awakening book.

- Nathan Brown, When Victory Becomes an Option: Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Confronts Success http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/01/10/when-victory- becomes-option-egypt-s-muslim-brotherhood-confronts-success/8y4l

-Nathan Brown, Post-revolutionary Azhar.. Carnegie papers, http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/10/03/post-revolutionary-al-azhar/8kit

- Bayat, Making Islam democratic chapter 5;

- Norton, Augustus. Thwarted Politics: The Case of Egypt’s Hizb al-Wasat fromHefner, Remaking Muslim Politics

- El-Sherif, Ashraf : Islamism after the Arab Spring, Current History, December 2011.

- El-Houdaiby, Ibrahim, "Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the revolution," Bahgat Korany and Rabab El-Mahdy edited, Arab Spring in Egypt, revolution and beyond.

Stacher,J. “Brotherly intentions? The Egyptian Muslim Brothers and the Politics of a Debate”. History Compass.2010..VOl.8.Pp.345-357.Online.

Bae,L.”Big Brother politics: The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. Harvard International Review.2011:33:10. Online

Brown,Nathan & Khalil Al-Anani.”Egypt’s Freedom and Justice Party and the Muslim Brotherhood”2011.Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Online

- El-Sherif, Ashraf. “The Muslim Brotherhood on the edge of Reform.” al-Masry al-Youm English. April 4th, 2011. http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/385618

- El-Sherif, Ashraf. “Re-inventing the Muslim Brotherhood.” al-Masry al-Youm English. February 21st, 2011. http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/325755

- Jonathan Brown, Salafis and Sufis in Egypt. Carnegie papers, http://carnegieendowment.org/2011/12/20/salafis-and-sufis-in-egypt/8kfk

- El-Sherif, Ashraf. “Al-Jama’a al-Islamiyya: Battle Within.” al-Masry al-Youm English. August 29th, 2011. http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/490799

- El-Sherif, Ashraf. “What do the Salafis really want?” al-Masry al-Youm Enligsh. March 29th, 2011. http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/379522

- El-Sherif, Ashraf. "The Salafi Movement: The Competing Visions." Egypt independent, November 1st, 2012 http://www.egyptindependent.com/opinion/salafi-movement-competing-visions-part-1

- El-Sherif, Ashraf. “Egypt’s emboldened Islamist reformists”. SADA, Carnegie January 12th, 2012. http://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2012/01/12/egypt-s-new-islamists-emboldening-reform-from-within/8z6r

Week 9 (April 3rd )REVOLUTION AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE OLD ORDER

Bradley, John R.Inside Egypt.The Land of the Pharaoh on the Brink of A Revolution.New York:Palgrave macmillan.2008,Chapters1 & 8Joya,A. The Egyptian Revolution: Crisis of neo-liberalism and the potential for democratic politics. Review of African Political Economy.2011,Vol.38.Pp.367-388.Online.-Robert Springborg. Protest against a Hybrid State. In N. Hopkins (ed.). Political and social protest in Egypt. Cairo papers in social science, vol.29, n. 2/3. p.6-18.

Mustafa Kamel al-Sayyid. Kefaya at a turning point. In N. Hopkins (ed.). Political and social protest in Egypt. p.45-59-Mona El-Ghobashi.”The Praxis of the Egyptian Revolution”. Middle East Information Project.No.258.Online“After the Revolution: .Groups vie for minds and votes of Egyptians. Politics& Government Business.2011.Online,- Abu Dhabi Gallup Center: “Egypt: The Arithmetic of Revolution: An empirical analysis of social and economic conditions in the months before the January 25 uprising,” March 2011, www.abudhabigallupcenter.com/.../Egypt_WP_ADGC_en-US_03-30-11_sa_LR.pdf -

- The International Republican Institute: Egyptian Public Opinion Survey: April 14-April 27, 2011, www.iri.org/.../ 2011 %20June%205%20 Survey %20of %20 Egyptian %20 Public %20 Opinion ...

- Pew Global Attitudes Project: “Egyptians Embrace Revolt Leaders, Religious Parties and Military, As Well,” APRIL 25, 2011, www.pewglobal.org/.../Pew-Global-Attitudes- Egypt - Report-FINAL-April-25-2011.pdf

- Shadi Hamid, Egypt: The Prize, in The Arab Awakening: America and the Transformation of the Middle East, Brookings Institution Press.

- Michael S. Doran, “The Impact of New Media: The Revolution will be Tweeted,” pp. 39-46 in “The Arab Awakening,” Brookings Press.

- Stuart Schaar, “Arab Dictatorship Under Fire in the New Information Age,” Economic and Political Review (Mumbai, India), Feb. 5, 2011.

Weeks 10-11 (April 10th- 17th)

TRANSITIONSModalities of transition:-How to write a new constitution,-Duration of transitional period,-Type of political system

-Transitional justice,: Brown,Nathan.Landmines in Egypt’s Constitutional Roadmap. CEIP. Carnegie Middle East program.2011.Online.,

Managing the transition:Attempt to reach national consensus:two failed attempts at a national dialogue,The Advisory Council,Parliamentary elections:See the site of the Supreme Elections Committee. Under Elections 2011.gov.eg

Ottaway, Marine, Egypt’s Election, Take One. CEIP>CMEP>2011.Online

Analyzing People’s Assembly elections,Analyzing Consultative Assembly elections,The Egyptian Elections: Why the Islamists wonEgypt’s Parliament Dissolved by Court; Elections Ruled Unconstitutional Egypt’s Judges and Generals Dissolve Parliament. El-Sherif, Ashraf. "Egypt's transitional period will never end." Egypt Independent, May 1st, 2012. http://www.egyptindependent.com/opinion/egypts-transitional-period-will-never-end

Jason Brownlee "Egypt's incomplete Revolution: The Challenge of Post-Mubarak Authoritarianism". Jadalliya.com

Nathan Brown, When Victory Becomes an Option: Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Confronts Success http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/01/10/when-victory-becomes-option-egypt-s-muslim-brotherhood-confronts-success/8y4l

El-Sherif, Ashraf. "On Illusions of Power- transfer and the zero-sum politics in Egypt". Al-Shorouk newspaper. http://www.shorouknews.com/columns/view.aspx?cdate=06052012&id=d79fea77-0741-44f3-842c-d28ee9c97cd1

El-Sherif, Ashraf. “The Secret group ruling Egypt: The deep state and its collapse”. Egypt independent. March 5th, 2012. http://www.egyptindependent.com/node/617826

Bahgat Korany edited. Arab Spring in Egypt: Revolution and Beyond.. Chapters TBA

Jeff Martini and Julie Taylor, “Commanding Democracy in Egypt: The Militray’s Attempt to manage the Future,” pp. 127-137, Foreign Affairs, Sept.-Oct. 2011.

Joshua Stacher, Egypt’s Democratic Mirage: How Cairo’s Authoritarian Regime Is Adapting to Preserve Itself, Foreign Affairs, February. 2011.

Ellis Goldberg, Mubarakism Without Mubarak: Why Egypt’s Military Will Not Embrace Democracy, February, 2011. Foreign Affairs.

Robert Springborg "What Egypt's military does not want its citizens to know?" Foreign Policy, January 10th, 2012

Joshua Stacher "Blame the SCAF for Egypt's problems".. Foreign Policy, October 11, 2011.

Weeks 12 and 13 (April 24th- May 8th )

EGYPT’S ECONOMY: GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: ANY NEW? - Ayubi, Nazi, Over-stating the Arab State, chapters 9 and10- Alissa, Sufyan: “The Political Economy of Reform in Egypt:

Understanding the Role of Institutions,” Carnegie Papers, Number 5 ■ October 2007

- Soliman, S. Strong regime, weak state. Fiscal crisis and political change under Mubarak. Stanford university press. 2010. Introduction and chaps 1and 6

- Ulrich Wurzel. The political economy of authoritarianism in Egypt. In Laura Guazzone and Daniela Pioppi. TheArab state and neo-liberal globalization.

- Joel Beinin. Workers’ Protest in Egypt: Neo-liberalism and Class Struggle in 21st Century. Social Movement Studies, Vol. 8, No. 4, 449–454, November 2009.- Francoise Clément. Workers protests under economic liberalization in Egypt. In Nicholas Hopkins (ed.). Political and social protest in Egypt. Cairo papers in social science, vol.29, n. 2/3. p.135-154. - Amar, Paul: “The IMF’s Epic Fail on Egypt,” February 7,

2011,www.nakedcapitalism.com/.../the-imfs-epic-fail-on-egyp... - United States

- Abdel Meguid, Nivin S., Sanaa Al Banna, Rana Korayem & Hoda Salah El Din: “The Economic Causes of the Egyptian Revolution, January 25, 2011, American University in Cairo, School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, Public Policy and Administration Department. dar.auc egypt .edu/handle/10526/2710

- Aref, Amr: “A Framework for Islamic Economics,”www.businesstodayegypt.com/... framework-for-islamic - economics /secId:5

- Beinin, Joel: “Justice for All, The Struggle for workers Rights in Egypt,” Report, Solidarity Center, February 2010, www.solidaritycenter.org/files/pubs_ egypt _wr.pdf

- Colijn, Leendert: “Country Report: Egypt,” Rabobank Economic Research Department, May 2011, www. rabobank .com/content/.../ Egypt -201105_tcm43- 105952.pdf

- Croppenstedt, André: “Household Income Structure and Determinants in Rural Egypt,” ESA Working Paper No. 06-02, January 2006, www.fao.org/es/esa

- El Beblawi, Hazem: “Economic Growth in Egypt: Impediments and Constraints(1974-2004),” Commission on Growth and Development, World Bank, 2008

- El Beblawi, Hazem: “Economic Growth in Egypt: Impediments and Constraints(1974-2004),” Commission on Growth and Development, World Bank, 2008

- Ebrahim, Ayman M.: “The Growth Effects of Financial Liberalisation Programme in Egypt: Developments and Drawbacks,” www. faculty.ksu.edu.sa/.../...

- Economy of Egypt: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt- Esfahani, Hadi Saleh: “The Experience of Foreign

Investment in Egypt under Infitah,” Center for Economic Research in Africa, August 1993

- Farah, Nadia Ramsis: “The Role of the State in Development,” in Nadia Farah: Egypt’s Political Economy: Power Relations in Development. Cairo: AUC Press, 2009, Chapter 1

- Handoussa, Heba Lead Coordinator: “Situation Analysis: Key Development Challenges facing Egypt,” UNDP, 2010, www.undp.org.eg/.../0/.../2010_Sit%20 Analysis _KDCFE_English.pd . ..

- Klau, Arne: “Impact of the Economic Crisis on Trade, Foreign Investment, and Employment in Egypt,” ILO, 2010

- Kandeel, Amal A.: “Egypt at a Crossroads,” Middle East Policy Council,

o

mepc.org/ journal/middle-east-policy-archives/egypt-crossroads

- Marotta, Daniella et al.: “Was Growth in Egypt Between 2005 and 2008 Pro-Poor: From Static to Dynamic Poverty Profile,” World Bank: Policy Research Working Paper 5589 , March 2011

- Nasr, Sahar: Access to Finance and Economic Growth in Egypt. World Bank: siteresources.worldbank .org/INT EGYPT /.../ Access_to_Finance .pdf

- Richter, Thomas & Christian Steiner: “Sectoral Transformations in Neo-Patrimonial Rentier States: Tourism Development and State Policy in Egypt,” GIGA Research Unit: Institute of Middle East Studies, No. 61, November 2001

- Selim, Eman: “Economic Growth, FDI, and Income Inequality: The Case of Egypt,” meeaweb.org/pdf/Chicago_papers/emanselim.pdf

- Timothy, Mitchell: “America’s Egypt: Discourse of Development Industry,” www.merip.org/mer/mer169/ americas - egypt

Week 14 (May 15)IS THE REVOLUTION OVER? Super-revolution or re-consolidation of the “Taifas” state? Lessons from other countries

El-Sherif, Ashraf. "Brotherly No More." SADA, Carnegie, January 18th, 2013. http://carnegieendowment.org/2013/01/18/brotherly-no-more/f304

El-Sherif, Ashraf. "The Taifas State." Egypt independent, December 12th, 2012http://www.egyptindependent.com/opinion/taifas-state

Other readings TBA