Senator from South Carolina who was a strong supporter of

states’ rights and slavery.

Wrote the Doctrine of Nullification.

Supported the spread of slavery in the

Compromise of 1850

Senator from Kentucky

Created the American System and helped found

the Whig Party

Proposed the Missouri Compromise, the tariff

compromise of 1833, and the Compromise of 1850

Known as the “Great Compromiser”

Commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution

President of the Constitutional Convention

1st president of the U.S.Put down Whiskey RebellionFarewell Address said U.S. should be neutral

Senator from Massachusetts

known as “The Great Orator”

Helped found the Whig Party

Helped create compromises that avoided civil war from the 1830s-

1850

Lawyer who won the cases of McCulloch v Maryland

and Gibbons v Ogden

John C. Calhoun

Henry Clay

Daniel Webster

George Washington

Henry David Thoreau

Former Senator from Mississippi and Secretary

of War

Became the only president of the

Confederate States of America in February 1861

Co-founder of Transcendentalism

Wrote Walden , about individual self-reliance

Created the idea of “Civil Disobedience” and passive resistance

Union general at the Battle of Shiloh and the

Siege of Vicksburg

Took command of all Union armies at the end

of 1863 and defeated the Confederate Army,

accepting its surrender in April 1865

Selected to 2 terms as president

Jefferson Davis

Ulysses S. GrantThomas Jefferson

Career army soldier, rejected the command of the Union at start of the

Civil War

In 1862 became commander of

Confederate forces

His military leadership was an advantages of

Confederacy

His surrenders ended the Civil War

Author of the Declaration of Independence

1st Secretary of StateFounder of Democratic-Republican Party, strong states and weak central government strict interpretation of Constitution

3rd presidentPurchased Louisiana from France, sent Lewis and Clark,

Lawyer from Illinois who ran for Senate against

Stephen Douglas in 1858

First Republican president

President during the Civil War

Gettysburg Address

Assassinated in 1865

Robert E. Lee

Abraham LincolnJohn Adams

Missouri slave who sued for his freedom

The Supreme Court ruled that he was a slave and

that slaves were not citizens. The Court also ruled that slavery could not be prohibited in the

territories

Massachusetts patriot who spent much of the war in Europe securing financial aid for the Americans

1st Vice President

2nd PresidentKept U.S. out of war after XYZ Affair, Alien and sedition Acts

Confederate general from Virginia.

Earned his nickname at the 1st Battle of Bull Run

Lee’s best field commander

Killed by “friendly fire” at the Battle of

Chancellorsville

Chilean immigrant living in Massachusetts, joined U.S. navy during the Civil

War

Won the Congressional Medal of Honor for his bravery in the naval

assault on Fort Fisher in North Carolina

Virginia patriot, who in opposition to the Stamp

Act said “Give me Liberty or give me Death!”

Led Virginia anti-federalists against ratification of the Constitution. Didn’t think

the Constitution protected individual rights

Dred Scott

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

Philip Bazaar

Patrick Henry

Member of the 54thMassachusetts

Regiment during the Civil War

Won the Congressional Medal of honor for bravery in the Union assault on Ft Wagner, South Carolina

6th President of the US

Spent the last 18 years of his life as a member of

the House of Representatives

Worked to promote education and to end

slavery

Former slave who became one of the most famous

abolitionist leaders

Published the abolitionist newspaper The North Star

During the Civil War, worked for emancipation

and to enlist African American troops for the

Union army

Supported ratification of the Constitution through his essays in The Federalist

Papers

1st Secretary of the Treasury creating the nation’s financial plan

including a national Bank

Founder of the Federalist Party, believed in a strong central government and

loose interpretation of the Constitution

William Carney

John Quincy Adams

Frederick Douglass

Alexander Hamilton Andrew Jackson

American general who defeated the British at New

Orleans in 1815

Served 2 terms as presidentResponsible for the Indian Removal Act, vetoing the recharter of the national

Bank and killing it, threatened to invade South

Carolina as part of the nullification crisis, and

increasing voting rights to the “common man”

Father of the Democratic Party

Wife of John Adams

Urges her husband to “remember the ladies”

when creating new government after declaring

independence

Early supporter of rights for women

Massachusetts patriot who helped organizes the Sons of Liberty in Boston and helped organize the

Boston Tea Party.Also helped start the

committees of correspondence to improve the flow of

communication between patriot groups

Active in both the abolition and temperance

movements, but dedicated her life to the

struggle for women’s rights. She campaigned for women to receive the right to vote. She was even arrested for voting. Her work led to the passage of the 19th

amendment.

A Virginia slave who served as a spy for Washington’s

army during the Revolutionary War. He was

able to easily get into British camps and report back to Washington what he learned. For his service

during the war, he was ranted his freedom

Abigail Adams

Samuel Adams Susan B. Anthony

James Armistead

Former slave who was one of the American

civilians who were killed by British soldiers in

March of 1770 in what became known as the

Boston Massacre.

Member of the Hudson River School. Interested

in painting nature, particularly birds. Created Birds of

America, a collection of paintings that

documented almost every specie of birds

that existed in America in the early 19th century.

English lawyer of the 18th

century. Wrote Classic Commentaries on the Laws

of England. This was the basis of law education of all colonial American lawyers such as Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and John

Marshall. It greatly influenced American ideas

about the law.

African American landowner in New

Hampshire who served as a school teacher and

judge. He volunteered as a soldier during the

American Revolution and fought at the battles of

Saratoga.

Crispus Attucks John James Audubon

William Blackstone

Wentworth Cheswell Benjamin Franklin

American writer, printer, political, inventor and diplomat.

As a writer and printer he created Poor Richard’s Almanac. As an inventor he worked with electricity (lightening). During

the French & Indian War he created the Albany plan of Union. As a member of the

Continental Congress, he was on the committee to draft a

declaration of independence in 1776. He represented American interests in France and secured

an alliance during the Revolution. He was a delegate at the Constitutional Convention in

1787.

Spanish governor of Louisiana during the

American Revolution. Side with the Americans against the British. Helped secure Spanish supplies for the Americans. Galveston, Texas is named in his

honor.

King of England from 1760 – 1820. He

supported British taxation of American colonies and the stationing of troops in American towns. He was

the “king” Americans were rebelling against during the American

Revolution.

Puritan minister who settled in

Massachusetts, but moved to what is now Connecticut to start a new colony. Helped

create the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

and believed in expanding voting

privileges.

American naval hero during the American Revolution.

His victories over a far superior British navy

inspired Americans during the war. He is remembered for saying “I have not yet begun to fight!” when his ship was under attack and in danger of sinking. Many consider him the “father”

of the American navy.

Bernardo de Galvez

George III Thomas Hooker

John Paul Jones

French nobleman who decided to come to America to help the

colonists fight for their freedom from the British.

Helped gain French support for the American cause. Became a lifelong

friend of George Washington.

17th century English philosopher who wrote that man has certain

natural rights that included life, liberty and property. His books The

First and Second Treatises on Civil

Government influenced Thomas Jefferson’s

writing of the Declaration of Independence.

Virginia delegate to the Constitutional Convention in

1787, he wrote the Virginia Plan and kept the best notes of the

convention. Strong supporter of ratification of the Constitution, he wrote part of The Federalist

Papers. He wrote the amendments that became the

Bill of Rights. Along with Jefferson, cofounded the

Democratic-Republican Party. Served as Jefferson’s Secretary of State. Followed Jefferson as

president. Was president during the War of 1812.

Virginia lawyer who was appointed Chief Justice of the

Supreme Court in 1801 by John Adams. As strong Federalist who strengthened the power of the

federal government through the decisions made by the Supreme

Court. He gave the Court the power of judicial review in

Marbury v Madison. He strengthens control over

interstate commerce in Gibbons v Ogden, and established the

constitutionality of the national bank in McCullough v Maryland.

He ruled for the sovereignty of the Cherokee in Woester v Georgia, but Jackson ignored the ruling.

Marquis de Lafayette John Locke

James Madison

John Marshall George Mason

Virginia delegate to the Constitutional

Convention in 1787. Became and anti-

federalist because he believed the

Constitution didn’t protect individual rights.

Helped Madison draft the amendments that

became the Bill of Rights

5th president of the U.S. His presidency was known as the “Era of Good Feeling”

because of the lack of political opposition. Most

famous for his statement of U.S. foreign policy, the Monroe Doctrine, that

prohibited further European colonization in the Americas. It also said the U.S would stay out of

European affairs.

French nobleman who wrote about government

and law. His idea of separating the

government into 3 branches influenced

James Madison and his views on the government

created in the Constitution.

Englishman who came to American colonies and became a patriot.

His pamphlet “Common Sense” helped motivate

many to support independence. He wrote

“The Crisis” to encourage American soldiers to continue fighting even when times were tough.

Received a large land grant from Charles II in 1681. He

founded the colony of Pennsylvania for his fellow Quakers in 1682. Created a society based on equality

and guaranteed a democratic government in his Frames of Government.

James Monroe

Charles de Montesquieu Thomas Paine

William Penn

A polish, Jewish immigrant to New York

who became a patriot. He spent time as a spy for the Americans, but is

most know for his work helping finance the

Continental Congress and the American war effort.

Leader of the Women’s Rights movement. She organized a women’s

rights convention in her hometown. The Seneca Falls Convention wrote

the Declaration of Sentiments calling for

property rights for women and voting

rights.

American patriot who wrote plays, poems, and

essays to support the American cause. Much of her writings made fun of the British. Friends with Abigail Adams and the

sister of James Otis, she was very outspoken for a

woman of her day,

Haym Salomon Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Mercy Otis Warren