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MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY

ETHICS REVIEW COMMITTEE (HUMAN RESEARCH)

INITIAL APPLICATION FORM (Version 1 November 2005)

APPLICATIONS MUST BE TYPED OR WORD PROCESSED. HAND WRITTEN APPLICATIONS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED.

ALL RESEARCHERS MUST COMPLETE SECTIONS 1–13

DO NOT COMPLETE OR ATTACH APPENDICES UNLESS RELEVANT TO YOUR APPLICATION

Double Click the Yes, No, or N/A check box to indicate your answer.For further information on how to complete this form, view the Guidelines for Application Form Version 1 – 01/11/05

SECTION 1: PROJECT SUMMARY AND ADMINISTRATION DETAILS

1.1 Project Summary

(a) Full project title

Social Food Mapping Project for ANTH279, Food Across Cultures

(b) If this research is being conducted as a teaching project, provide the unit code and name

ANTH279, Food Across Cultures

(c) Short name by which the project will be known (if appropriate)

Social Food Mapping Project

(d) Name of Chief Investigator

Dr Lisa Wynn

HEC Application From Version 1 November 2005

OFFICIAL USE ONLY

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REF. NO.:

ARCHIVE: 7 25

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1.2 Previous Ethics Clearance/ Clearance from other Institutional Ethics Committees (IECs)

(a) Has this project been previously approved by Macquarie University’s Ethics Review Committee?

NO YES

(b) Are you applying for a new clearance because the previous ethical clearance for this work has expired? (ie: it has been 5 years or more since the original clearance was issued)

NO YES

(c) Will this project be submitted for approval to any other institution or ethics committee?

NO YES(go to Q1.3)

1.3 Type of Research (please tick the most appropriate):

i. This application is being submitted for staff research purposes

ii.iii. This application is being submitted by staff and/or students for teaching purposes

iv.v. This application is being submitted by a student enrolled in a degree program

Type of degree undertaken (please tick one) Doctorate Masters Post Graduate Diploma Honours Other – please specify

HEC Application From Version 1 November 2005 2

1.4 Duration of study

(a) Indicate the proposed date of commencement of the project (Researchers are reminded that projects may not commence without the written approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC)).

Date 1 September 2008

(b) Proposed completion date of the project:.

Date 1 December 2008

(Note that approval is given only for a 12-month period which may be renewed upon application for up to 5 years (using the Progress Report Form). After 5 years from the original approval date you will need to submit a Final Report for the work and a new application for approval if you wish the project to continue. The 5 year time limit enables the Committee to fully review research in an environment where legislation, guidelines and codes are always changing.)

1.5 Indicate where the research will be undertaken. Please specify all location(s) and venues (including the URL for Web based studies).

Some students will conduct observation on Macquarie University campus (the Quarry, the Atrium, and other public spaces where people eat), while others will conduct observation in their own homes at family meals. I would also like to give students the option of observing in an off-campus restaurant of their choice. If any students take this option, they will be required to obtain written consent from the owner or manager of the proposed restaurant and submit this consent along with details about the restaurant and its location to me, and I will submit these to the ethics committee prior to any research being conducted.

1.6 Investigator DetailsList the details of the Chief Investigator, and any Co-Investigators, Associate Investigators, Supervisors, Research Assistants or Research Co-ordinator

Chief Investigator

Name: Lisa L WynnTitle: Dr

Staff: Student: Staff/student no.

200xxxxx

Qualifications PhDPositions held:(if student, specify degree and course in which enrolled)

Associate Lecturer, Department of Anthropology

Full mailing address:

Lisa WynnDepartment of AnthropologyMacquarie University


NSW 2109Tel No. (W): 02 9850 8095Tel No: (H):Mobile No:Fax number: 02 9850 9391E-mail address: [email protected]

Co-Investigator , Associate Investigator , Supervisor ,

Research Assistant , Research Coordinator (please tick one)

Name: Kim PaulTitle: Dr

Staff: Student: Staff/student no.Qualifications: PhD

Positions held:(if student, specify degree and course in which enrolled)Full mailing address:

Tel No. (W):Tel No: (H):Mobile No:Fax number:E-mail address:

1.7 Nominated Contact Person (nominate one person from Q1.6 above who will be the first point of contact for the ERC (HR) regarding this protocol)

Name: Lisa Wynn

1.8 Funding Details

(a) Is this a funded project or do you intend to apply for funding?

NO YES(go to SECTION 2)


SECTION 2: NATURE OF RESEARCH

2.1 The nature of this project is most appropriately described as involving: (please tick the relevant box or boxes - more than one may apply)

a. action researchb. observation

c. documentary (film, audio and/or video)d. questionnaire(s)e. on-line data collection (please ensure you have read the guidelines for on-line

research available at: http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/onlineresearch)

f. focus groups or interviews

g. experiments

h. physiological investigations(s)

i. clinical studies

j. biomechanical devices(s) or invasive devices or procedures

k. blood, tissue, recombinant DNA, gene therapy, or biohazardous material(APPENDIX E must be completed if you tick this item)

l. behavioural genetics, genetic screening and/or genetic related epidemiological studies

(If you tick this item please refer to Section 16 of the National Statement On Ethical Conduct In Research Involving Humans before proceeding with the completion of the application or call the Research Ethics Officer on (02) 9850 7854).

m. exposure to ionizing radiation(APPENDIX F must be completed if you tick this item)

n. the administration of illegal drugs, legal drugs (eg, alcohol, nicotine) and/or medication that is NOT part of a clinical trial(APPENDIX G must be completed if you tick this item)

o. a clinical trial of drug(s) or device(s)(APPENDIX H must be completed if you tick this item)

p. other (please provide details)


http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/onlineresearch

http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/onlineresearch

SECTION 3: RISKS AND BENEFITS

3.1 Could the research induce any psychological or physical stress in the participant, or in any other way adversely affect participants?

NO YES(go to Q3.3)

3.2 What procedures/facilities/trained personnel are available to deal with such problems?

n/a

3.3 Will the true purpose of the research be concealed from the participant(s)?

NO YES(go to Q3.4)

3.4 Does the research require any physically invasive, or potentially harmful procedures (e.g. drug administration, needle insertion, rectal probe, pharyngeal foreign body, electromagnetic stimulation, chiropractic manipulation)?

NO YES(go to Q3.5)

3.5 If you are doing research on patients, list the procedures/techniques which would not form part of routine clinical management.

NA

3.6 Please list any drugs/devices to be used, and their approval status both overseas and in Australia.

NA


3.7 What are the expected benefits of this research, including any direct or indirect benefits to participants? (This does not refer to financial or other remuneration for participation in the study).

This research project is being used as a student exercise to teach them about the relationship between food, space, and sociality. The goal is also to give undergraduate anthropology students hands-on experience doing research “in the field” i.e. out of the classroom environment. It will help develop their observational and interview skills and bring the study topic alive in very concrete ways.

There are no direct of indirect benefits to participants other than knowing that they are indirectly advancing the University’s goal of being a research-intensive institution.

3.8 Does this research involve the direct investigation of any illegal behaviour or have the potential to elicit information about illegal behaviour?



SECTION 4: DESCRIPTION OF PARTICIPANTS

4.1 What is the age range of participants involved in this study?

18 years and older

NOTE: IF YOUR STUDY INVOLVES YOUNG PEOPLE UNDER THE AGE OF 18 (excluding university students) YOU MUST COMPLETE APPENDIX C.

4.2 Are the participants who are the focus of this research/teaching project:

(Please tick the boxes that apply to the participants involved in your research. More than one category may be applicable)

a. in a teacher–student relationship with the researchers or their associates ?

b. in an employer–employee relationship with the researchers or their associates ?

c. in any other dependent relationship with the researchers or their associates ?

d. Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander?e. (if you tick this box APPENDIX A must be completed)f. Residing in countries outside Australiag. (if you tick this box APPENDIX B must be completed)h. wards of state ?

i. prisoners or detainees ?

j. refugees or asylum seekers?k. members of the armed services ?

l. mentally ill ?

m. intellectually impaired?

n. physically disabled?

o. unconscious or critically ill patients ?

p. in a carer-client relationship with the researcher (e.g., medical practitioners, social workers, psychologists, legal practitioners, etc)?

q. in a carer-client relationship with other professional workers(e.g., medical practitioners, social workers, psychologists, legal practitioners, etc)?

If you ticked any of the above, please give details.HEC Application From Version 1 November 2005 8

The students of ANTH279 will be conducting this research as part of the unit requirements. Dr Wynn will be assisting in this unit (as it is one she has run in the past), but will not be the unit convenor, nor will she be evaluating their performance on this task. Dr Paul will be the unit convenor and will evaluate their performance. Students will be observing other people in eating situations, either in their home environments or on-campus, and possible in a restaurant off-campus (but subject to obtaining permission from the restaurant owner/manager). They will thus be the researchers, not the participants, of this research exercise. It is possible that they will be observing other students of the course but this will not be known to the teachers of the course as they will be strictly guided on how to provide anonymity to study participants.

SECTION 5: RECRUITMENT OF PARTICIPANTS

5.1 How many participants will be involved in this study?

I estimate that between 40 and 80 people will be enrolled in the course and they each will conduct (either individually or in small groups with other students) a small study of an eating situation as part of their social food mapping project. Each student might interview a maximum of 10 people each.

5.2 Recruitment of participants

(a) Specify how potential participants will be identified.

Participants will be people who participate in a family or holiday meal as selected by the students, individuals who eat at the Quarry or on-campus, and possibly outside restaurants that the students themselves select based on a past history of eating there.

(b) How will contact with participants be made?

For students who decide to just do an observational study, no contact will be made. Students will observe a public space on campus where people eat and will be guided on how to do so in an unobtrusive manner.

For students who decide to describe a meal between family and friends, the students will make a direct, personal approach to the people involved in that meal seeking their consent to talk to them about the meal experience. Students may wish to combine their observational study with interviews and a script for how this approach will be made, whether to strangers or acquaintances, is included at the end of this application as an attachment.

For students who decide to observe the social eating experience in a restaurant, students will select the restaurant and then (either in person or by telephone) approach the manager or owner of that restaurant to seek permission to observe in the restaurant and to interview the manager/owner about the organization and use of space in the restaurant (see script at end of this application).


(c) Who will be involved in the recruitment of participants?

Students in ANTH279. (d) If recruiting will be done through an organisation, specify how

consent from the organisation will be obtained. Please provide copies of relevant correspondence with the organisation.

n/a

(e) Will participants be involved in any related studies?

NO YES

5.3 Does recruitment involve a direct personal approach from the researchers to the potential participants?

NO YES

If you answered YES, what precautions will be taken to minimise any pressure (real or perceived) on individuals to enrol?

- Students will be supplied with a script to guide their approach to potential study participants and an information and consent form that makes clear participants’ right to refuse to participate and/or withdraw from the study at any time.

- Students will be instructed during an in-class discussion of ethics that they must not exert any pressure on participants to enrol in the study and will be given special guidance on the importance of approaching recruitment with particular deference when inviting friends and family members to participate in the study.

- The information and consent form will have a special box where study participants must initial indicating that they have not been pressured into participating in this study and that they are aware that they can withdraw at any time.

- Finally, there are a range of possible ways that students can complete this assignment, so they will not be relying on any individual or group to give consent in order for the project to go forward and the student to obtain credit for completing this assignment (e.g. if a family member declines to participate, they can switch to doing an observational study on campus).

5.4 Does recruitment involve the circulation/publication of an advertisement?

NO YES


If you answered YES, provide a copy of the advertisement. (Please refer to Section 7 of the Guidelines for information on advertisement content.)

5.5 Will participants receive any financial or other benefits as a result of participation?

NO YES

5.6 Is the research targeting any particular ethnic or community group?


SECTION 6: PRIVACY AND PUBLICATION OF RESULTS

6.1 Is there a requirement for the researchers to obtain information of a personal nature (either identifiable or potentially identifiable) about individuals:

YES NOa. from Commonwealth departments or agencies?

b. from State departments or agencies?

c. from other third parties, such as universities, hospitals, schools, private practices, business etc?

IF YOU ANSWERED “YES” TO ANY OF THE ABOVE ITEMS YOU MUST COMPLETE APPENDIX D. THIS IS A REQUIREMENT OF STATE AND COMMONWEALTH PRIVACY LEGISLATION.

6.2 Will you be recording any part of your study on audio tape, film/video, or other electronic medium?

NO YES

If you answered YES, what is the medium, what will be recorded and what are the circumstances under which this recording will be undertaken? For what purposes is the recording required? Does the proposed research activity involve the secretive use of any photography, video recording, audio recording or other recording method?

Students may choose to photograph the eating situation to use these visual materials as part of their class presentation. They will use such photographs in class presentation. These photographs will not be


published. They will only be permitted to use such photographs if consent has been obtained from any individual who is identifiable in the photograph.

Students may also take photographs of the general setting where eating takes place – e.g. the courtyard where people eat, the quarry, etc. – and in this case people may be photographed but these will not include research participants. Students will be instructed that for photographs of this type, a wide-angle lens should be used (so as to not focus on individuals but rather to emphasize the entire space where social interactions around food occur) and photographs should not include any actual study participants unless their consent has been obtained.

Students may choose to tape-record interviews in order to accurately represent the word-for-word responses of participants in class presentations and/or final papers resulting from this research project. Students will be instructed that quotes must be used anonymously and with pseudonyms unless the participant specifically consents to being identified (a box in the I/C form will be ticked to indicate this).

No secretive recording, either visual or audio, will occur.

6.3 How will the results of the study be disseminated (publication and presentation of the research results)?

Students will use the results as part of in-class presentations and in their final papers for ANTH279. They will not be published.

Dr Lisa Wynn will describe the general results of this class exercise on Culture Matters, the Anthropology Department blog, and in a paper to be submitted for publication to a journal on pedagogy.

6.4 Do you intend to present data relating to specific individuals (eg. Quotes, video clips, audio excerpts) in presentations or publications?

NO YES

If you answered YES, please provide details below.

If students use quotes from specific individuals in their class presentations, they will be used in de-identified form. Similarly, if I describe the project of any individual student on Culture Matters or in a publication, the student’s project will be described in de-identified form and no identifying information about their participants would be revealed.

6.5 How will the confidentiality of data collected/disseminated, including the identity of participants, be ensured (this includes data referred to in 6.2 above)?

Students will be instructed to use pseudonyms when collecting data, transcribing interviews, and presenting results.


6.6 Give details of how feedback or results will be made available to individual participants or, if relevant, to other groups. If no feedback is planned, a justification for this must be provided.

Results of the class exercise will be described on Culture Matters and this will be noted in the I/C forms for participants.


6.7 Are you planning to retain the data for the minimum period of 5 years from the most recent publication of the research?

NO YES

If you answered NO please explain why not.

I do not expect students to retain their individual raw data for 5 years. I believe that this is too much to ask of undergraduates, the majority of whom probably do not intend careers in research.

However, I will retain whatever data the students give me (including all signed information and consent forms) and any final papers/ presentation materials for 5 years.

6.8 Provide details about where the data will be securely stored while the project is ongoing and after it is completed (eg. will it be stored in a locked filing cabinet in the researcher's University office, in a locked cabinet in the researcher's home office?).

I will instruct students to retain their data on password-protected computers or computer disks/drives and/or in locked file cabinets whenever possible. However, I cannot be certain that every student will have access to such secure mechanisms of data storage. For this reason, I will also instruct each student to collect data pseudonymously so that even if it is not securely stored, confidentiality of participants will not be breached. I believe that this is justified by the extremely innocuous nature of this student research project.

I will store the final results of this class exercise and all information and consent forms in a locked filing cabinet in my University office.

6.9 Who will have access to the data (eg. Researcher, supervisor, other researchers not stated on the application, any other third party)?

Students will have access to their original data only (not the data of other students). Dr Lisa Wynn and Dr Kim Paul may access the data on request.

6.10 Is there any possibility that information of a personal nature could be revealed to persons not directly connected with this project?

NO YES

If you answered YES, please provide details.

Students may describe their home and family details when doing class presentations on the social eating event in question. They will be instructed to not reveal the identity of any of the student participants, but they might reveal their own personal information in their class presentations. I will make it clear that if they do not wish to reveal information about their


personal lives to the classroom, that they should opt for the public observational exercise option of the assignment.

SECTION 7: PARTICIPANT INFORMATION AND CONSENT

7.1 Will written consent be obtained?

NO YES

If you answered YES, attach a copy of the Information and Consent Form. (Note that two copies of the consent form must be signed, with the participant and the investigator each retaining one of the copies.)

7.2 Will the consent of minors participating in the research be obtained? Note: In projects involving children, parents should be asked to discuss the study with their children/child before signing the consent form, and researchers should obtain verbal consent from the child at the time the research is undertaken. For studies involving adolescents, written consent should normally be obtained from a parent/guardian and children. Researchers should also ensure they have read the guidelines, “Guidelines For Obtaining Consent In Research Involving Child Or Adolescent Participants” located at: (http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/consentadolescentschild).

NO YES NA (go to Q7.3)

7.3 In the case of participants for whom competence in English is not adequate for informed consent, what arrangements have been made to ensure comprehension of the Participant Information & Consent Form?

If students recruit family members who do not understand English well enough to understand the Information and Consent Form, they will be responsible for orally translating and explaining the research project in the language of their family.


http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/consentadolescentschild

http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/consentadolescentschild

7.4 (a) Please indicate whether the following details have been provided in your Information Statement and Consent Form.

YES NO N/Ai. A short title for the project

ii. A brief statement of the aims of the research

iii. The names of the researchers, their Department affiliations and contact telephone numbers. If you intend to provide participants with your home phone number, please indicate why this is necessary in the space provided in 7.4 (b) below.

iv. Acknowledgment that the research is “being conducted to meet the requirements for the degree of (name of degree) under the supervision of (Supervisor’s name, contact telephone number and Department affiliation)”

v. An explanation of what each participant is expected to do and an estimate of the time commitment involved

vi. An acknowledgment of any recording using audio-tapes, videotapes, or photographs and explanation of how this material will be used

vii. An objective statement of any risks or discomforts

viii. Any payment of money or other remuneration, e.g. course credits

ix. Information about how confidentiality of the data will be maintained, i.e. how privacy will be maintained, who, if anyone, will have access to the data other than the researchers/supervisor and for what purpose, the form in which the data will be published.

x. Any plans to make the data available in de-identified form to other researchers (other than those listed on this application form) in the future.

xi. Information about how participants can obtain feedback regarding the results of the research.

xii. An acknowledgement of any sources of funding for the research, including commercial or other sponsors.


YES NO N/Axiii. A statement indicating that participation is voluntary

and guaranteeing participants the right to withdraw from further participation at any time without having to give a reason and without adverse consequenceNOTE 1. The statement about withdrawal is N/A for studies using anonymous questionnaires.NOTE 2. Macquarie University students who receive course credits for their participation must be assured in writing in the consent form that they will not forfeit their course credits if they choose to withdraw from the research

xiv. A signed statement of agreement to participate in the research, e.g., “I agree to participate in this research," with the consent form signed and dated by the participant and signed and dated by the investigator or other witness.

xv. A statement indicating that the participant has been given a signed copy of the consent form to keep.

xvi. A footnote regarding complaint procedures as follows:The ethical aspects of this study have been approved by the Macquarie University Ethics Review Committee (Human Research). If you have any complaints or reservations about any ethical aspect of your participation in this research, you may contact the Committee through the Research Ethics Officer (telephone [02] 9850 7854, fax [02] 9850 8799, email: [email protected]). Any complaint you make will be treated in confidence and investigated, and you will be informed of the outcome

(b) If you answered NO to any of the above please provide details below:


mailto:[email protected]

SECTION 8: POSSIBLE CONFLICT OF INTEREST

8.1 In undertaking this research do any “conflict of interest” issues arise? (For instance, is the researcher in a dual role such as researcher/teacher, researcher/carer, researcher/employer? Does the researcher have access to personal files/databases as a condition of employment rather than as a researcher?).

NO YES

If you answered YES, please provide details of the conflict of interest and considerations or mechanisms in place to address these issues.

I will describe the general results of this pedagogical exercise in a blog posting to Culture Matters and it is possible that I may describe the research exercise in an article to be submitted to a journal of pedagogy for publication. However, the exercise is being developed for the purposes of enhancing the student learning experience by giving them the opportunity to conduct a hands-on, personally meaningful research project to fulfil unit assessment requirements (rather than the standard and more boring final research paper), and it is not primarily for the purposes of my own publication. In other words, students would be required to engage in this exercise regardless of whether I later describe the results in a publication or not. (I actually have no current plans to do so but I would like to reserve the right to in the future.)

8.2 Will this research be undertaken on behalf of (or at the request of) a commercial entity, or any other sponsor?

NO YES

8.3 Do the researchers have any affiliation with or financial involvement in any organisation or entity with direct or indirect interests in the subject matter or materials of this research?

NO YES

8.4 Do the researchers expect to obtain any direct or indirect financial or other benefits from conducting this project? (Note that such benefits should be included in the Information Statement and Consent Form).

NO YES

8.5 Have conditions been imposed upon the use, publication or ownership of the results including the review of data, manuscript draft or scientific presentation by any other party than the listed researchers?


(Note: The Committee is unlikely to approve arrangements that involve the censorship of research findings in publications.)

NO YES


SECTION 9: OTHER ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

9.1 Are there any further ethical considerations that you wish to raise?

NO YES

If you answered YES, detail what these considerations are.


SECTION 10: DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

10.1 Describe the aims and objectives of the project and the methods to be used. Include a description of the participant sample, and tasks, measures, and procedures. Write in plain English using no more than two pages (font size not less than 12 point).

This application is to obtain clearance from the ethics committee for an undergraduate research project to be completed as a requirement for ANTH279, Food Across Cultures, taught by Dr Lisa Wynn and Dr Kim Paul. Students will be asked to choose a particular eating situation (such as dinner at home with family, a holiday meal, eating at the local on-campus cafeteria, or dining in a cafe or restaurant) and produce a social map of this eating situation. This map should represent not only the physical layout of the chosen space, but also representation of the social dynamics of the place: who sits where, who serves whom, and what and how they eat.

The purpose of the assignment is to ground the theoretical texts we will be reading in class with a hands-on project that will help students to concretely understand lecture and reading materials that analyze how social situations are structured around food, and how the preparation, serving, and eating of food can offer insights into cultural norms and social roles and hierarchies.

The assignment is also intended to give the students direct, hands-on experience doing what anthropologists call “fieldwork” – research projects grounded in examining and analysing everyday situations. Chemistry and biology students get this kind of hands-on experience in the lab, but in the social sciences, where the lab is all around us and consists less of physical equipment than highly developed conceptual tools, paradoxically it is not very common for students to get “out in the field,” as we say in anthropology, to do their own ethnographic research.

The assignment specifies several different kinds of social eating situations that students can choose from:1) a meal with family or friends, including a holiday meal, a barbeque, or a picnic2) eating on Macquarie University campus3) the social space of a restaurant.

The type of project they choose will partly determine their methodology. All students will use observation, and most students will also use interviews to understand the social eating situation. For example, students who choose a family meal may have enough knowledge of the social situation to be able to describe it themselves, but they will be encouraged to interview other family members to learn about their understandings of that social event surrounding food. Students who choose to describe how eating takes place on campus may spend several hours watching and taking notes on the patterns of movements of people through the Quarry or the courtyard but not interview anyone, or they may seek to supplement their observations with a few interviews with people using that space. Students who choose a restaurant as the setting for their research project will observe how restaurant employees and patrons move through the space of the restaurant, and they will interview the restaurant owner/manager and possibly employees of the restaurant (depending on what the restaurant owner/manager suggests/ consents to), but will not interview patrons of the restaurant.HEC Application From Version 1 November 2005 21

Attached to this application is the information sheet that will be handed out as part of the course outline to guide students on this project, sample information and consent forms, and scripts to guide students. These scripts carefully lay out the students’ approach to potential participants, how and when to get the I/C form signed, how to obtain specific consent for photography or tape-recording to be used, and a list of the questions that students can choose from to ask participants.

In 2008, I have been awarded a University Learning and Teaching Fellowship to develop a template and guidelines for other teaching staff to use to develop their own ethics applications for student field-based research projects as part of their academic coursework. This application (and another that I will submit subsequently for ANTH801, a postgraduate methods course) is thus a trial run for me, and will hopefully give me insights into the ethics concerns surrounding such student projects and will help me develop the guidelines proposed for the fellowship project so that other teachers at Macquarie can do the same. I thus particularly look forward to the Ethics Committee’s feedback on this proposal. However, I hasten to assure the ethics committee that this is no mere theoretical proposal but one which I actually hope to use in my teaching.


SECTION 11: SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION

11.1 Have you included the following support documents with your application?

YES NO NAa. copies of any correspondence with other institutions

or ethics committeesb. a copy of the contract if this is contracted research

(refer Q1.2 (d)c. copies of relevant pages of your grant application

(refer Q1.8 (e)d. copies of Information and Consent Forms (Note that

the consent form is to be printed on Macquarie University (or other appropriate) letterhead only AFTER it has been approved

e. copies of any interviews, questionnaires, or surveys to be used

f. copies of any participant recruitment advertisements

g. APPENDIX A

h. APPENDIX B

i. APPENDIX C

j. APPENDIX D

k. APPENDIX E

l. APPENDIX F

m. APPENDIX G

n. APPENDIX H

PLEASE ONLY SUBMIT THE APPENDICES THAT ARE RELEVANT TO YOUR RESEARCH. IF THEY ARE NOT RELEVANT TO YOUR RESEARCH DO NOT COMPLETE THEM AND DO NOT INCLUDE THOSE PAGES IN YOUR APPLICATION. REMOVE THOSE PAGES BEFORE SUBMITTING YOUR APPLICATION. IF IN DOUBT CONTACT THE RESEARCH ETHICS OFFICER, on [email protected] or phone (02) 9850 6848.



SECTION 12: CERTIFICATION

12.1 To the best of my belief the proposed project conforms in all respects with the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Research Involving Humans.

Information about and links to legislation, guidelines and codes governing research with humans is available at:

http://www.research.mq.edu.au/researchers/ethics/human_ethics/forms

Signed:

Name (block letters):

Date:


ANTH279Food Across Cultures

Social Food Mapping Project

Summary: For this assignment you may choose to work individually or in groups of two or three. You will choose a particular eating situation, whether it is dinner at home with family, a holiday meal, eating at the local cafeteria, or dining in a cafe or restaurant. You will then produce a social map of this eating situation. This map should represent not only the physical layout of the chosen space, but also representation of the social dynamics of the place: who sits where, who serves whom, and what and how they eat. Creativity in style and media of presentation is encouraged!

Topics:The eating situation you choose to analyse is up to you, but below are a few ideas. You can choose from one of these ideas, or you can come up with your own topic.

Produce a social map of the Quarry. This map should represent the physical layout of the cafeteria, but it should also represent much more than the physical layout. The map should include representation of the social dynamics of the Quarry. You may want to begin this project by thinking about who sits where and what and how they eat. Remember: Even if you eat there every day, don’t assume that you know what the Quarry is all about. Base your map on careful observation. Working in pairs may help you to overcome some of these assumptions. Make sure you include a key for any symbols that you decide to use.

Map the physical and social structure of an everyday meal at home with your family OR

Present a typical Christmas (or other holiday) meal in your family. Who comes to dinner? Who prepares the food? Who sits where? How are the places set at the table? Where is the food arranged and how does that correspond with who sits at the table? (For example: one food sociologist did a fantastic analysis of how placement of the salt shaker at a table signalled social hierarchies within the family: who has to ask for the salt to be passed to them, and who passes the salt, shows who controls the meal.) You may want to interview family members to gain insight into the social space of the meal.

Map out the social space of a restaurant. Who drinks? Who eats? When? How much? How do people move through the physical space of the restaurant? How do patrons of the restaurant interact in the space with their friends, with restaurant employees, etc?

Map an Aussie barbeque, a picnic that you attended, the experience of eating at a public sporting event or festival, etc…

Style: You will ultimately have to come up with a representation that satisfies your perceptions of the eating situation as a social space. Be creative in your style and media of presentation. You can produce a chart, or you can draw a diagram on the board, or, if you prefer to not speak in front of the class, you can design a poster with all the key information in text format for class members to peruse. NOTE: The academic poster is a HEC Application From Version 1 November 2005 25

well-established genre for presenting research. If you are unfamiliar with the genre, look up some examples (see the links below under “Media” for some ideas of where to start).

This is an in-class presentation and you will be evaluated based on your presentation in class, but you must have some sort of visual representation – i.e. the “social map” of the assignment title – to accompany your presentation. This could be: a PowerPoint presentation, a diagram you spontaneously draw on the board, an academic poster, a map made out of construction paper, a computer program (see “Media” below), etc. I am very open to what this looks like; it’s your creative call to make.

Timing: You will have only 5 minutes (per person) for your class presentation (if you work in a group, you get 5 minutes per person in the group). If you prefer to not present, you can simply put up your poster / map / etc. and allow me to ask questions for those 5 minutes.

You will be timed with a timer and cut off at 5 minutes, 15 seconds, so you will need to be concise and well organized! Hint: rehearse your presentation ahead of time so you don’t get cut off half-way through.

Media: Some inspirations for technologically sophisticated ways of representing social

interactions, networks, etc: http://infosthetics.com/archives/social/ A good set of online guidelines for preparing an academic poster:

http://students.washington.edu/kjhall/other/posters05.pdf

Assessment criteria: The social mapping project is worth 20% of your overall mark for the course. You will be evaluated on the basis of:

depth of analysis clarity of presentation creativity in media and presentation style links made to the theories about food production, consumption, and symbolism

that we’ve been reading/discussing in class

Human Ethics Approval: As this is a study involving human subjects, however innocuous it may seem, it is important to follow the university’s approved procedures for human research ethics. Here is a summary of what you need to do, but we will discuss this in greater detail in class.

1) Consent of research participants: If you are interviewing people to understand their perceptions of that social food event, you need to obtain the consent of participants. This means everyone you talk to, including family members! No covert research: we are not investigative journalists!

2) Obtaining separate consent for photographs and tape-recording of interviews: If you want to take photographs of the event or use existing photographs from, say, a family holiday meal from years past, then you’ll need to get permission for that, too. Sample consent forms will be made available for you to use, and you will tailor the form according to the parameters of your chosen research project (i.e. based on whether you want to just interview people or also take pictures), and then you will add your name and contact information to the form.


http://students.washington.edu/kjhall/other/posters05.pdf

http://infosthetics.com/archives/social/

3) Observing in public: If you are observing public behaviour in public spaces (including the public spaces on the Macquarie University campus, but this could also include a public park, botanic gardens, etc.) but not actually talking to people, then you do not need to ask each person for permission to observe him or her, but it is essential that you observe in a non-obtrusive way and use no recording devices. In other words, no filming or photographing in a way that would make an individual recognizable, unless you obtain their consent (see #2 above). Also, you should try to blend into the background. Don’t go around peering over people’s shoulders to see what they’re eating, or otherwise violating the norms of regular social behaviour in that public space. If you want to interview strangers, that’s okay, but you will need to follow the procedures laid out here for how to do it in a way that will not make them feel pressured to participate in this study.

4) Research in a privately-owned space: If you decide to do your observational study in a restaurant off of the Macquarie campus, you will need to obtain permission from the owner or manager of that restaurant. There is a specific information and consent form designed for this which you will personalize with your own details and contact info. Under no circumstances should you conduct research in a privately owned venue without obtaining the consent of the manager or owner. You will have to submit the signed consent form to me before you can begin your research. In other words, you’ll need to make at least two trips to the restaurant: one to get the owner’s consent, and another to actually conduct your research project once that consent has been obtained.Possible exception: if you are describing a special family meal in the restaurant and all you are describing are the family dynamics of sitting at that table and eating, and you are NOT describing the restaurant more generally or interviewing the restaurant employees or patrons, then you do not need to obtain the consent of the restaurant.

5) Confidentiality of research participants and security of research data: When you take notes or transcribe interviews from this research project, you should always store this material in a secure place whenever possible: for example, in a locked filing cabinet, or on a password-protected computer or computer disk / drive. An important principle of ethical research is to protect the confidentiality of research participants, so it should not be possible for people to read through your notes and other raw data. It may not be possible to securely store the data, if you do not have access to a computer or a locked filing cabinet, so you should only use pseudonyms or descriptors, but not real names, when you are describing participants in your notes. For example, if describing a family dinner, you can say “Dad sat at this place in the table,” “Sister talked about this during the dinner,” “Cousin 1 ate all the prawns and there were none left for Cousin 2,” etc., without using their names. If describing friends, you should assign them pseudonyms (i.e. a fake name). That way, even if someone comes across the research data, they won’t know who you are talking about.

6) It is important that you do not pressure anybody into participating in this research project. That means that if someone expresses in any way, verbal or otherwise, that they are not interested in participating in the project, then you must respect their wishes. Do not try to persuade them to participate. Find a different social food situation to describe instead.


Scripts and guidelines for recruiting participantsto Social Food Mapping Project in ANTH279, Food Across Cultures.

Script for approaching strangers or acquaintances on the Macquarie University campus:

Students should stand by a wall, outside of the main flow of people walking, and stay in one place. Under no circumstances should they leave their position to follow people around. They also will not approach sitting people who are eating. As people pass them by, they should make eye contact, and say,

“Hi, I’m doing a study on the social spaces that people use for eating.”

If person stops to listen, student continues, “Can I ask you a few questions about when you come to the Quarry [or “to this courtyard”] and what you do here? I would take no more than 5-10 minutes of your time.”

If participant agrees, they can move to a nearby table or continue the interview standing up, as appropriate.

Before asking any questions, student must first give the participant a copy of the information and consent form and briefly explain the study by reading or paraphrasing the description on the I/C form.

After the participant has had time to read the I/C form, student should say, “Are you still interested in participating in this study?”

If participant declines, student should smile and say, “Okay, no problem!”

If participant agrees, student should smile and say, “Great! I just have a few questions to ask, and I want to remind you that you can end the interview at any time, for any reason. Before we start, I need you to sign this information and consent form.” Both participant and student must sign the I/C form. Student should ask participant to initial the statement saying that they were not pressured to participate in the study. If student wishes to record or photograph the participant, the participant will also need to initial the I/C form appropriately. Participant should receive a copy of the I/C form.

Student may then ask the participant no more than 10 questions from the following list, according to their particular research interests. If students wish to ask questions other than the suggested ones below, they will need to clear them with one of the course convenors.

Sample questions for students to select from (choose no more than 10 questions):- How often do you come here?- How long have you been coming here?- When do you come here (i.e. what days of the week and what times of day)?- Do you come here to eat or for other purposes?- How long do you usually spend here?- How much of that time do you think you spend eating and how much time do you

spend socializing or talking with other people?


- Do you buy food here or bring your own food? Why?- What kind of food do you bring/buy?- Who else do you think likes to eat here?- How is eating here different from other restaurants or other public places where

you eat?- Do you eat with fellow classmates? - If so, do you talk to them about personal matters? Do you talk to them about

classes and uni life? Do you just make small talk? - If not, who do you eat with?- Do you know any of the people who work here? Do you ever talk to them other

than to order food?- Have you ever worked in a restaurant or food service job? (If so, how is it

different than this place?)


Script for inviting participation from friends and family:

“I’m doing a study on the social spaces that people use for eating and I thought I would do my project on [a family meal, a holiday meal or party, a dinner with friends, etc]. Would it be okay if I write about this meal for my research paper?”

If student wants to interview a family member, say: “Could I also ask you a few questions about how you perceive the social dynamics of this [meal, picnic, barbeque, etc.]? If you’re not comfortable with that, I can do my project on something else.”

If participant agrees, before attending the meal or asking any questions, student must first give the participant a copy of the information and consent form and briefly explain the study by reading or paraphrasing the description on the I/C form.



If participant agrees, student should smile and say, “Great! My teacher said that I should remind you that you can end the interview at any time, for any reason. Before we start, I need you to sign this information and consent form.” Both participant and student must sign the I/C form. Student should ask participant to initial the statement saying that they were not pressured to participate in the study. If student wishes to record or photograph the participant / event, the participant will also need to initial the I/C form appropriately.

Student may then ask the participant questions to be selected according to their particular research interests. [I have not specified the same tight time frame that I have used with interviews with strangers because students will be talking with friends and family, with whom they already have regular conversational relationships, but students should take no more than 20-30 minutes to interview any one person.]

Sample questions for students to select from:- How is this meal the same as or different from other meals? - If it’s a holiday meal: Where did the traditions for this meal develop? - Who usually prepares the meal?- Who usually serves the food?- How is it decided who is invited?- How is it decided where people will sit?- How do you decide when to start the meal and when to end it?- What particular cultural traditions shape how this meal takes place?


Script for approaching a restaurant owner/manager:

“Hi, my name is _______________ and I’m doing a study on the social spaces that people use for eating as part of a class project at Macquarie University. I was wondering if I could spent a couple of hours sitting in your restaurant and observing how people move through the space. For example, I’m interested in noting how long people spend on a meal, whether people sit alone or in groups, how much time they spend talking and how much time they spend eating, and how much. Do you think it would be okay if I did this type of study in your restaurant?”

If restaurant owner/ manager seems willing to consider the idea, student should continue: “I would just observe and take notes unobtrusively, I wouldn’t talk to any of the restaurant patrons or employees unless you think I should, but I would like to ask you a few questions about the restaurant. I would take no more than 5-10 minutes of your time. I would present the results in class and use them for my final research paper in the class, but they would not be published.”

If restaurant owner/manager agrees, before asking any questions, student should say, “Do you have the authority to approve this study in your restaurant?” If person agrees, then student must first give the participant a copy of the information and consent form and briefly explain the study by reading or paraphrasing the description on the I/C form.



If participant agrees, student should smile and say, “Great! I just have a few questions to ask, and I want to remind you that you can end the interview at any time, for any reason. Before we start, I need you to read and sign this Information and Consent Form.” Both participant and student must sign the I/C form. Student should ask participant to initial the form attesting to her/his authority to approve the study, and if student wishes to record or photograph the participant, the participant will also need to initial the I/C form appropriately. Participant should receive a copy of the I/C form.

Student may then ask the participant no more than 10 questions from the following list, according to their particular research interests. If students wish to ask questions other than the suggested ones below, they will need to clear them with one of the course convenors.

Sample question clusters for students to select from (choose no more than 10 questions and spend no more than 10 minutes interviewing the manager/owner):

- About how many people does this restaurant serve on a daily or weekly basis?- How would you characterize the typical clientele of the restaurant?- What is the ratio of “regular” customers to one-off customers?- Do you know individual customers by name?- How are reservations managed? How far in advance do people usually need to

reserve?- How is the restaurant used in different times of the day and days of the week?

For example, when is it busiest? Do different types of customers come at different times of the day and days of the week?


- What’s the percentage of people who drink alcohol with their meal?- Can you tell me a little bit about the people who work here? How long have they

worked here? Where do you hire them from? (newspaper ads, word of mouth, advertising a position in the window, etc)

- What is the waiter / cook staff / bus staff turnover rate?- What kinds of training do the cooks get? How much of their training comes from

elsewhere (cooking schools, experience in other restaurants, etc.) and how do they get trained for this particular job?

- Where does the restaurant get its food? What is the ratio of made-from-scratch meals and meals (or meal components) that are pre-cooked elsewhere?

- How does this restaurant distinguish itself from other restaurants? (Marketing, advertising, decor, etc.)


Sample Information and Consent Forms for Students doing family / friends meal or on-campus observational / interview project (sample I/C Form for restaurant project follows)(to be personalized with student contact information and selected as appropriate for the research project the student has chosen, but otherwise not changed).

Information and Consent Form: Participant Copy

Name of Project: Social Food Mapping Project

You are invited to participate in a study on the social dynamics of eating and space: who sits where, who serves whom, and what and how they eat. The purpose of the study is to understand how the preparation, serving, and eating of food can offer insights into cultural norms and social roles and hierarchies.

This study is being conducted by _______[ name ] _______ [here insert e-mail address] as part of the requirements for ANTH 279 Food Across Cultures, an anthropology unit at Macquarie University. The convenors for this class are Dr Lisa Wynn, Department of Anthropology (contact number 02 9850 8095, e-mail [email protected]) and Dr Kim Paul [MQ contact e-mail and phone number for Kim Paul to be inserted when available].

If you decide to participate, I will ask you a few questions about a specific social situation where food is eaten. These questions will take no more than 5-10 minutes.

[If student wishes to tape record the conversation]: If you agree, I would like to use a tape recorder to record our conversation so that I can remember exactly what you say. Any information or personal details gathered in the course of the study are confidential. No individual will be identified in any presentation of the results. If I use any of your comments in the written description of my research, I would use a pseudonym. The only people who will have access to the data are myself and the course convenors.

[If student wishes to take a photograph]: If you agree, I would like to take a digital photograph of you in this eating situation. I would use this photograph in my class presentation. You have the right to review and approve the digital picture I take.My findings will be used for a class presentation and for my final paper in the course. Dr Wynn will post the general results of the class projects on the website Culture Matters (http://culturematters.wordpress.com) where you can read about it.

If you decide to participate, you are free to withdraw from further participation in the research at any time without having to give a reason and without consequence.


http://culturematters.wordpress.com/


I, have read and understand the information above and any questions I have asked have been answered to my satisfaction. I agree to participate in this research, knowing that I can withdraw from further participation in the research at any time without consequence. I have been given a copy of this form to keep.

Participant’s Name:

Participant’s Signature: Date:

I have not been pressured in any way to take part in this study.

__________ Participant to initial here.

I agree / do not agree to letting this interview be tape recorded. (Circle one.)


I agree / do not agree to letting my picture be taken for the purposes of the class presentation. (Circle one.)


Investigator’s Name: [ student name here ]

Investigator’s Signature: Date:

The ethical aspects of this study have been approved by the Macquarie University Ethics Review Committee (Human Research). If you have any complaints or reservations about any ethical aspect of your participation in this research, you may contact the Ethics Review Committee through its Secretary (telephone 9850 7854; email [email protected]). Any complaint you make will be treated in confidence and investigated, and you will be informed of the outcome.



Information and Consent Form: Investigator Copy


You are invited to participate in a study on the social dynamics of eating and space: who sits where, who serves whom, and what and how they eat. The purpose of the study is to understand how the preparation, serving, and eating of food can offer insights into cultural norms and social roles and hierarchies.


If you decide to participate, I will ask you a few questions about a specific social situation where food is eaten. These questions will take no more than 5-10 minutes.

[If student wishes to tape record the conversation]: If you agree, I would like to use a tape recorder to record our conversation so that I can remember exactly what you say. Any information or personal details gathered in the course of the study are confidential. No individual will be identified in any presentation of the results. If I use any of your comments in the written description of my research, I would use a pseudonym. The only people who will have access to the data are myself and the course convenors.

[If student wishes to take a photograph]: If you agree, I would like to take a digital photograph of you in this eating situation. I would use this photograph in my class presentation. You have the right to review and approve the digital picture I take.My findings will be used for a class presentation and for my final paper in the course. Dr Wynn will post the general results of the class projects on the website Culture Matters (http://culturematters.wordpress.com) where you can read about it.

If you decide to participate, you are free to withdraw from further participation in the research at any time without having to give a reason and without consequence.





Participant’s Name:


I have not been pressured in any way to take part in this study.


I agree / do not agree to letting this interview be tape recorded. (Circle one.)


I agree / do not agree to letting my picture be taken for the purposes of the class presentation. (Circle one.)







Sample Information and Consent Forms for Students doing restaurant project(to be personalized with student contact information and selected as appropriate for the research project the student has chosen, but otherwise not changed).Information and Consent Form: Participant Copy


You and your restaurant are invited to participate in a study on the social dynamics of eating and space: who sits where, who serves whom, and what and how they eat. The purpose of the study is to understand how the preparation, serving, and eating of food can offer insights into cultural norms and social roles and hierarchies.


If you decide to participate, I will sit quietly in a corner of your restaurant in a place and time of your choosing and observe quietly and take notes for 1 or 2 hours (depending on your preference). I will order food or a beverage. I would also like to ask you a few questions about the restaurant and its clientele, and these questions will take no more than 5-10 minutes.

[If student wishes to tape record the conversation]: If you agree, I would like to use a tape recorder to record our conversation so that I can remember exactly what you say. Any information or personal details gathered in the course of the study are confidential. No individual will be identified in any presentation of the results. If I use any of your comments in the written description of my research, I would use a pseudonym for both you and the restaurant, UNLESS you want me to identify the restaurant for the sake of publicity. The only people who will have access to the data are myself and the course convenors.

[If student wishes to take photographs]: If you agree, I would like to take a digital photograph of you and the restaurant. I would use this photograph in my class presentation. You have the right to review and approve the digital picture I take.My findings will be used for a class presentation and for my final paper in the course. Dr Wynn will post the general results of the class projects on the website Culture Matters (http://culturematters.wordpress.com) where you can read about them.

If you decide to participate, you are free to withdraw from further participation in the research at any time without having to give a reason and without consequence. In other words, you can kick me out of the restaurant at any time, or you can tell me to stop my observing and to not write about this restaurant for my school project.





Name of Restaurant: ___________________________________________________

Address of Restaurant: _________________________________________________

Name of Restaurant Owner or Manager:

(Circle position: owner, manager, or other. If other, describe role.)


I agree that I have the authority to approve this study to take place in this restaurant.


I agree / do not agree to letting the interview be tape recorded. (Circle one.)


I agree / do not agree to letting my picture and a picture of the restaurant be taken for the purposes of the class presentation. (Circle one.)







Information and Consent Form: Investigator Copy


You and your restaurant are invited to participate in a study on the social dynamics of eating and space: who sits where, who serves whom, and what and how they eat. The purpose of the study is to understand how the preparation, serving, and eating of food can offer insights into cultural norms and social roles and hierarchies.


If you decide to participate, I will sit quietly in a corner of your restaurant in a place and time of your choosing and observe quietly and take notes for 1 or 2 hours (depending on your preference). I will order food or a beverage. I would also like to ask you a few questions about the restaurant and its clientele, and these questions will take no more than 5-10 minutes.

[If student wishes to tape record the conversation]: If you agree, I would like to use a tape recorder to record our conversation so that I can remember exactly what you say. Any information or personal details gathered in the course of the study are confidential. No individual will be identified in any presentation of the results. If I use any of your comments in the written description of my research, I would use a pseudonym for both you and the restaurant, UNLESS you want me to identify the restaurant for the sake of publicity. The only people who will have access to the data are myself and the course convenors.

[If student wishes to take photographs]: If you agree, I would like to take a digital photograph of you and the restaurant. I would use this photograph in my class presentation. You have the right to review and approve the digital picture I take.My findings will be used for a class presentation and for my final paper in the course. Dr Wynn will post the general results of the class projects on the website Culture Matters (http://culturematters.wordpress.com) where you can read about them.

If you decide to participate, you are free to withdraw from further participation in the research at any time without having to give a reason and without consequence. In other words, you can kick me out of the restaurant at any time, or you can tell me to stop my observing and to not write about this restaurant for my school project.





Name of Restaurant: ___________________________________________________

Address of Restaurant: _________________________________________________

Name of Restaurant Owner or Manager:

(Circle position: owner, manager, or other. If other, describe role.)


I agree that I have the authority to approve this study to take place in this restaurant.


I agree / do not agree to letting the interview be tape recorded. (Circle one.)


I agree / do not agree to letting my picture and a picture of the restaurant be taken for the purposes of the class presentation. (Circle one.)







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