· web viewon the circuit diagram above, place a letter a to show the position of a switch to...

1. Nina’s bicycle has a front lamp and a rear lamp.Both lamps are connected to the same battery.

battery

front lam p rear lam p

(a) The circuit diagram for the lamps is drawn below.

frontlam p

rearlam p

(i) On the circuit diagram above, place a letter A to show the position of a switch to turn only the front lamp on and off.

1 mark

(ii) On the circuit diagram above, place a letter B to show the position of a switch to turn both lamps on and off at the same time.

1 mark

Bishop Challoner Catholic School 1

(b) The bulb in the rear lamp gives out white light.White light is a mixture of all the colours of light.

bulb

red p lastic cover

The plastic cover acts as a red filter.Red light passes through the filter.

What happens to the other colours that do not pass through?

........................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Nina replaces the battery with a generator called a dynamo.When Nina pedals her bicycle, the back wheel turns the generator.

Complete the sentences below using words from the box.

chemical electrical gravitationalkinetic light sound thermal

As Nina pedals, ..................................... energy in her muscles is

changed to kinetic energy.

When the generator turns, kinetic energy is changed to useful

..................................... energy in the wires. This energy in the wires is

changed to useful ..................................... energy in the bulb.

When the lamps are on, some of the energy in the bulb is wasted as

..................................... energy.4 marks

maximum 7 marks


2. Susan has a small fan to keep herself cool.When she switches it on, a motor turns the blades to blow air.

b lade

sw itch

(a) The diagrams below show the symbols for a battery, a motor and a switch.

M

battery m otor sw itch

In the space below, draw a series circuit diagram for the fan using these symbols.

1 mark


(b) (i) Which part provides energy for the circuit?

.........................................................1 mark

(ii) Some of this energy is used to turn the blades.The rest of the energy is wasted.

Complete the sentence below. Choose words from the list.

chemical heat light sound1 mark

When the blades are turning, energy is wasted as

....................................... energy and ....................................... energy.1 mark

(c) Susan built a circuit using a battery, a motor and a switch.She closed the switch to turn the motor on.

(i) Susan added a bulb to the circuit.The current in the circuit decreased.

How did this affect the motor?

................................................................................................................1 mark

(ii) Susan removed the motor from the circuit.The current in the circuit increased.

How did this affect the bulb?

.......................................................................................................................1 mark

maximum 6 marks


3. (a) Max built circuit 1 as shown below.

E

S

DBA

C

circuit 1

He closed the switch, S, and all the bulbs came on.One of the bulbs then broke and all the bulbs went off.

Which bulb must have broken?Give the letter.

...............1 mark


(b) Max built circuit 2 as shown below.He connected a plastic comb and a metal key in different parts of the circuit.

P

Q

R

sw it c h 1

sw it c h 2metal key

plastic com b

circuit 2

Look carefully at circuit 2.Complete the table below to show which bulbs in circuit 2 will be on or off when different switches are open or closed.Write on or off in the boxes below.

switch 1 switch 2 bulb P bulb Q bulb R

open open off off off

open closed

closed open

2 marks


(c) Max built circuit 3 using a battery, two bulbs and three ammeters.

A A

A

1

2

3

circuit 3

The current reading on ammeter A1 was 0.8 amps.What would be the reading on ammeters A2 and A3?Place one tick in the table by the correct pair of readings.

reading on reading onammeter A2 (amps) ammeter A3 (amps)

correct pair of readings

0.8 0.8

0.8 0.4

0.4 0.8

0.4 0.4

1 mark

maximum 4 marks


4. Some pupils made an electric cell using two different metals and a lemon.They put strips of copper and zinc into a lemon and connected them to the terminals of an electric clock.

(a) Look at the photograph.

What evidence is there that they have made an electric cell?

................................................................................................................1 mark

(b) The pupils had pieces of copper, zinc, iron and magnesium and some lemons.They wanted to find out which pair of metals made the cell with the biggest voltage.

What equipment should they use to measure the voltage of their cells?

................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) In their investigation they used different pairs of metals.

Give one factor that they should keep the same.

................................................................................................................1 mark


(d) The pupils measured the voltage produced by different pairs of metals.Their results are recorded below.

voltage produced by each pair of metals (volts)

magnesium zinc iron copper

copper 1.7 0.9 0.8 0

iron 1.3 0.1 0 -

zinc 0.8 0 - -

magnesium 0 - - -

Which pair of metals made the cell with the biggest voltage?

..................................... and ..............................................1 mark

(e) Look at the results in the table above.

Why should the pupils not use pairs of the same type of metal for the clock?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................1 mark

maximum 5 marks


5. Lorna built the circuit drawn below. All the bulbs are identical.

(a) Complete the table below by writing on or off for each bulb.

switch bulb

S1 S2 A B

open open off off

open closed

closed open

closed closed

3 marks

(b) Lorna then built a different circuit as shown below.


How could Lorna get both bulbs to light at the same time in this circuit?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

maximum 4 marks

6. The drawings show a weightlifter. The stages in weightlifting are labelled A, B, C, D and E.

A B C D E

prepa ring lifting

lifted

fa lling

h ittingfloo r

(a) (i) Complete the sentences below.

As the weights were lifted up, energy was transferred from

the man to the weights. This energy had been stored as

……………………… energy in the ………………………… of

the man’s arms.2 marks


(ii) How was energy stored in the weights at stage C?

Tick the correct box.

as chemical energy as elastic energy

as kinetic energy as gravitational potentialenergy

1 mark

(b) Complete the sentences below.

(i) In stage D, as the weights were falling, the energy was transferred

from …………………………… energy to…………………………… energy.1 mark

(ii) In stage E, as the weights hit the floor, the energy was transferred

from …………………………… energy to …………………………… energy.1 mark

Maximum 5 marks


7. The drawing below shows a garden water feature. It is solar-powered.

The solar cell absorbs energy from the Sun.The solar cell is connected to a motor in the bowl.The motor drives a pump.Water is pumped up to the jug and it flows back down to the bowl.

(a) Use the information above to help you to complete the following sentences.Choose words from the list.

chemical electrical gravitationalpotential kinetic

light sound thermal

(i) The useful energy change in the solar cell is fromlight to .................................... energy.

1 mark

(ii) The useful energy change in the motor is fromelectrical energy to .................................... energy.

1 mark

(iii) As the water flows from the jug to the bowl ....................................... energy is changed into .................................... energy.

2 marks


(b) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using a solar cell to power thewater feature.

advantage ....................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

disadvantage ................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

maximum 6 marks


8. The drawings below show Caroline diving into a swimming pool.As she falls, gravitational potential energy is changed into kinetic energy.

A

B

C

D

0.5 s

0.5 s

0.5 s


(a) Why does Caroline have no kinetic energy at A?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................1 mark

(b) The table shows Caroline’s gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy at four stages of the dive.

stage of the dive total energy (kJ)

gravitational potential energy

(kJ)Kinetic energy

(kJ)

A 8 8 0

B 8 7 1

C 8 4 4

D 8 0

(i) Write the missing kinetic energy value for stage D in the table.

(II) As Caroline falls there is no loss of energy to the air.How do the energy values for stages A, B, C and D show this?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................2 marks

(c) (I) Give the name of the force that causes Caroline to speed up as she falls.

............................................................

(ii) Caroline takes 0.5 s to fall from A to B and from B to C and from C to D.

How can you tell from the drawings that she is speeding up as she falls?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................2 marks


(d) When Caroline enters the water she slows down.Give the name of the force that slows her down.

................................................................................................................1 mark

maximum 6 marks

9. The tides can be used to generate electricity. A dam is built across a river estuary, as shown below.

dam

turb ine spinsto generateelectric ity

w ater level

w ater flow

sea bedsea bed

w ate r leve l

(a) The water is higher on one side of the dam than on the other. As the water begins to flow through the dam it turns a turbine. The turbine generates electricity.Describe the useful energy changes which take place in this process.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................2 marks


(b) Explain why tides are classified as a renewable energy source.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Give one way, other than from the tides, of generating electricity by using the sea.

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(d) Apart from cost, give one advantage and one disadvantage of an oil-fired power station compared with a tidal power station.

advantage ....................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

disadvantage ...............................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................2 marks

Maximum 6 marks

10. Fossil fuels are used to generate electricity, but over half of the world’s population uses biomass as a fuel.

(a) What is ‘biomass’, which is used as a fuel?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark


(b) Biomass and fossil fuels are both energy resources. What is the original source of this energy?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Give the names of three fossil fuels which are often burned to generate electricity.

1. ........................................................

2. ........................................................

3. ........................................................1 mark

(d) Fossil fuels are often described as non-renewable energy resources.Explain why they are called ‘non-renewable’.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(e) There are advantages and disadvantages of burning different fuels.

(i) Give one advantage of using biomass rather than fossil fuel as an energy resource.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark

(ii) Give one advantage of using fossil fuel rather than biomass as an energy resource.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark


(iii) Give one disadvantage of using both fossil fuel and biomass.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark

Maximum 7 marks


11. The drawings below show six ways of providing energy.

coal fire

burns coa l to provideheat

A

turb ine

turns a generator toprovide e lec tric ity

B

petrol generator

burns petro l to provideelectric ity

C

gas bo ile r

burns gas to provideheat

D

solar panel

uses so lar energy toprovide heat

E

wave turb ine

uses w ave energy toprovide e lec tric ity

F

so lar panel


(a) From the drawings, give the names of two fossil fuels.

1. ..............................................................

2. ..............................................................2 marks

(b) (i) What is the source of energy for a solar panel?

.........................................................1 mark

(ii) Why can the solar panel not work at night?

.........................................................1 mark

(c) What makes the blades of the turbine in drawing B go round?

..................................................................1 mark

(d) Renewable energy resources will not run out.

From the drawings, give one energy source that will not run out.

..................................................................1 mark

maximum 6 marks


12. (a) The photographs show ways of getting energy from three different energy resources.

On the line under each photograph write the name of the energy resource.Choose from the list below.

batteries biomass wind sunlight tides3 marks

(i)

(ii)

Photograph by Solarworks

(iii)

Photograph (ii) provided by SolarworksPhotograph (iii) provided by Robert Harding Picture Library

(b) Name one fossil fuel.

……………………………………………………………………………………….1 mark


(c) Complete the sentence below.

The purpose of the machine in photograph (i) is to generate ………………..1 mark

Maximum 5 marks

13. (a) The diagrams below show how much heat is lost from different parts of a house every second.

Through which part of the house above is most heat lost?

................................................................1 mark

(b) Part of the house is insulated to reduce the loss of heat.This is shown below.


(i) Which part of the house has been insulated?

................................................................1 mark

(ii) Explain your answer.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................1 mark

(c) The table below gives information about three fossil fuels that can be used to heat a house.

fuel physicalenergy

releasedDoes the fuel produce these substances when burned?

state when 1g is burned (J) water sulphur

dioxide

coal solid 25000 yes yes

oil liquid 42000 yes yes

methane gas 55000 yes no

(i) Which fuel in the table releases the least energy when 1 g is burned?

................................................................1 mark

(ii) Methane can be compressed.Which information in the table shows that methane can be compressed?

...............................................................................................................1 mark


(iii) Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain.Use the table to explain why burning methane does not produce acid rain.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................1 mark

maximum 6 marks

14. Peter measured the current through each of three similar bulbs in a parallel circuit.

A3

A2

A1

He had only one ammeter and he placed it first at A1, then A2, then A3, in order to measure the currents.

The table shows his results.

position of ammeter current, in amps

A1 0.14

A2 0.16

A3 0.15


(a) He expected the current readings to be the same for each bulb but found they were different.

Suggest two reasons why the readings were different.

1. ................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................2 marks

(b) Peter then measured the current at A4 and recorded it as 0.45 A. He concluded that the current at A4 could be calculated by adding together the currents through each of the bulbs at positions A1, A2 and A3.

A4


He added two more similar bulbs to his circuit, in parallel. The current through each bulb was 0.15 A.Use Peter's conclusion to predict the current at A4 with the 5 bulbs in the circuit.

................ A

A4

1 mark


(c) Peter left the circuit connected overnight. He used a datalogger to measure the current at position A4 at regular intervals of time. The next morning the bulbs were dim.

Using the axes below, sketch (do not plot) how the current at position A4 might change with time.

Indicate on the graph:

(i) The correct labels for each axis, including the correct units.

(ii) The shape of the graph you would expect to obtain.

00

2 marks

Maximum 5 marks


· web viewon the circuit diagram above, place a letter a to show the position of a switch to...

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