· web viewsome adjectives are called bangs adjectives: they are placed before the noun. all...
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STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 1
NOUNS
ALL NOUNS ENDING WITH THE LETTER E ARE FEMININE. ALL OTHERS ARE MASCULINE.
EXCEPTIONS:
____________________ ____________________ ________________________________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________
IRREGULAR PLURAL:
. NOUNS ENDING IN (E)AU/EU (PLURAL TAKES AN - ____)
EXAMPLES:
SINGULAR PLURAL____________________ ________________________________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________
. NOUNS ENDING IN AL (PLURAL CHANGES TO _______)
EXAMPLES:
SINGULAR PLURAL____________________ ________________________________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________
SUBJECT PRONOUNS
________ I________ YOU (SINGULAR)________ HE________ SHE______/______ IT______/______ WE (SOMEBODY AND I)________ YOU (FORMAL OR PLURAL)/(SOMEBODY AND YOU)______/______ THEY
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 2
ADJECTIVES
ALL ADJECTIVES AGREE IN GENDER AND NUMBER WITH A NOUN. YOU USUALLY USE THEM TO ANSWER THE QUESTION HOW.
• MOST ADJECTIVES HAVE FOUR FORMS: MASCULINE SINGULAR, FEMININE SINGULAR, MASCULINE PLURAL, FEMININE PLURAL.
EXAMPLE:_________________ ________________E ________________S _________________ES
• SOME ADJECTIVES ONLY HAVE TWO FORMS: ONE SINGULAR, ONE PLURAL.EXAMPLE:
_________________E _________________ES
• SOME ADJECTIVES ARE IRREGULAR: 5 FORMS.
BEAU ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________NOUVEAU ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________VIEUX ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
• SOME ADJECTIVES DOUBLE THE CONSONANT IN THE FEMININE.
-IL -ILLE -ILS -ILLES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
-ON -ONNE -ONS -ONNES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
-EL -ELLE -ELS -ELLES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
-IEN -IENNE -IENS -IENNES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
• SOME ADJECTIVES HAVE AN IRREGULAR FEMININE FORM.
-EUX -EUSE -EUX -EUSES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
-ER -ÈRE -ERS -ÈRES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
-ANC -ANCHE -ANCS -ANCHES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
-ONG -ONGUE -ONGS -ONGUES_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 3
• SOME ADJECTIVES ARE CALLED BANGS ADJECTIVES: THEY ARE PLACED BEFORE THE NOUN. ALL OTHERS GO AFTER THE NOUN.
B A N G SBEAUTY AGE NUMBER GREATNESS SIZE______________ ______________ _______________ _____________ __________________________ ______________ _______________ _____________ __________________________ ______________ _______________ _____________ ____________
• SOMETIMES THE ADJECTIVE IS DIRECTLY BEFORE OR AFTER THE NOUN, SOMETIMES IT COMES AFTER THE VERB TO BE.
MA __________________ SOEURMES SOEURS __________________________MA SOEUR EST _________________________MES SOEURS SONT __________________________
• COMPARATIVE WITH ADJECTIVES
MORE ADJECTIVE THAN LESS ADJECTIVE THAN AS ADJECTIVE ASPLUS ADJ QUE MOINS ADJ QUE AUSSI ADJ QUE
ATTENTION: THE ADJECTIVE STILL NEEDS TO AGREE WITH THE NOUN IT QUALIFIES.
THOMAS EST PLUS ___________ QUE SES PARENTS.ELSA EST MOINS ______________ QUE SA TANTE.TIM ET SOPHIE SONT AUSSI ______________ QUE LEUR FAMILLE.
• QUEL + NOUN
WHICH/WHAT (A) + NOUN
___________ SURPRISE ___________ JOLI PANTALONTU VEUX ___________ CAHIERS ?
• TOUT + LE/LA/LES + NOUN
THE WHOLE/ENTIRE EVERYALL + SINGULAR ALL + PLURAL TOUT LE TOUS LES TOUTE LA TOUTES LES
_______________ CLASSE _________________ PROFESSEURS
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 4
VERBS
VERBS ARE CONJUGATED ACCORDING TO THE SUBJECT (PRONOUN). THERE ARE 82 PATTERNS.
• REGULAR VERBS
GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 -ER (PATTERN 6) -IR (PATTERN 19) -IRREGULAR
JE ________________E _______________IS ______________S/XTU _______________ES _______________IS ______________S/XIL/ELLE/ON ________________E _______________IT ______________T/DNOUS _____________ONS __________ISSONS _____________ONSVOUS _______________EZ __________ISSEZ ______________EZILS/ELLES ______________ENT __________ISSENT _____________ENT
EXAMPLES
JE _________________ _________________ _________________TU _________________ _________________ _________________IL/ELLE/ON _________________ _________________ _________________NOUS _________________ _________________ _________________VOUS _________________ _________________ _________________ILS/ELLES _________________ _________________ _________________
GROUP 1 VERBS GROUP 2 VERBS GROUP 3 VERBS___________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ____________ ___________ ___________ ___________
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 5
• IRREGULAR VERBS
PATTERN 1 PATTERN 2 PATTERN 7 PATTERN 8AVOIR ETRE -CER -GER
COMMENCER MANGER_________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
PATTERN 9 PATTERN 10 PATTERN 15 PATTERN 16-ECER -ÉCER -IER -AYERLEVER PRÉFÉRER ÉTUDIER PAYER
_________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
PATTERN 22 PATTERN 25 PATTERN 32 PATTERN 35ALLER -TIR DORMIR SERVIR
SORTIR/PARTIR
_________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
PATTERN 39 PATTERN 43 PATTERN 48 PATTERN 53VOIR POUVOIR VOULOIR -DRE
_________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 6
PATTERN 54 PATTERN 56 PATTERN 62 PATTERN 68PRENDRE METTRE FAIRE CROIRE
_________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
PATTERN 77 PATTERN 78 PATTERN 80LIRE DIRE ECRIRE
_________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ __________________________________ _________________ _________________
YOU CAN FIND ALL PATTERS IN “LE BESCHERELLE: L’ART DE CONJUGUER”
• NEGATIONADD NE OR N’ BEFORE THE VERB AND PAS AFTER THE VERB.
EXAMPLES
JE ______ DORS _______.TU ______ ECOUTE _______.IL NE ______________ PAS.ON N’ _______________ PAS.
• VERB + INFINITIVEVERBS LIKE ALLER, AIMER, POUVOIR, VOULOIR CAN BE FOLLOWED BY A SECOND VERB IN THE INFINITIVE.
J’AIME ____________________.TU VAS ____________________.NOUS POUVONS __________________.ILS VEULENT ___________________.VOUS N’AIMEZ PAS ___________________.
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 7
ARTICLES
• DEFINITE THE (SPECIFIC) / DEFAULT (GENERIC)
LE ___________ LA ___________ L’ ___________ LES ___________
1. LIKES AND DISLIKES VERBS FUNCTION WITH LE/LA/LES (GENERIC): AIMER, DÉTESTER, PRÉFÉRER
J’AIME ________ TOMATES MAIS JE N’AIME PAS ________ ÉPINARDS.
2. POSSESSION WITH DE: ___(1)___’S ___(2)___ = LE/LA/LES ___(2)___ DE ___(1)___
SALLY’S FRIEND = L’AMIE DE SALLYTHE CLASSROOM = ____________________________
• INDEFINITE (A/AN + PLURAL FORM)
UN ____________ UNE ____________ DES _____________
JE VEUX _________ PIZZA ET _________ CHIPS.
• PARTITIVE (THE PART OF _____ SOMETHING) (-YOU CANNOT COUNT LIKE LIQUIDS)
DU ____________ DE LA ____________ DE L’ ____________ DES ____________
JE VOUDRAIS ______ SEL ET ______ SALADE.
• QUANTITY EXPRESSIONS : WITH DE/D’
TROPBEAUCOUPASSEZ + DE/D’ -OR- +LE/LA/LES WITH LIKES AND DISLIKESUN PEUPEU
UN MORCEAUUNE TRANCHEUNE BOÎTEUNE TASSE + DE/D’UN VERREUNE BOUTEILLEUNE DOUZAINEUN KILO
J’AIME BEAUCOUP _____ TOMATES ET _____ POULET.JE VEUX _____ TOMATES ET _____ POULET.JE VOUDRAIS BEAUCOUP _____ TOMATES.
• NEGATION + DE
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 8
1. AFTER ‘PAS’ UN(E)/DES/DU/DE LA/DE L’ BECOME ‘DE’
JE VEUX DU PAIN, MAIS JE NE VEUX PAS ____ PAIN COMPLET.
2. EXCEPTION: WITH ÊTRE
C’EST DU PAIN. CE N’EST PAS DU PAIN.
• NUMBERS
1. NUMBERS: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 … + NOUN
_____ FILLE_____ FILLES
2. CARDINAL NUMBERS: LE/LA/LES 1er, 2e, 3e, … (BANGS ADJ/BEFORE NOUN)
______________ FILLE______________ LIVRE
• POSSESSIVE
MY = _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN -OR- FEMININE NOUN STARTING WITH A VOWEL) _________ (+ FEMININE NOUN)
_________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
YOUR = _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN -OR- FEMININE NOUN STARTING WITH A VOWEL) _________ (+ FEMININE NOUN)
_________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
HIS = _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN -OR- FEMININE NOUN STARTING WITH A VOWEL) _________ (+ FEMININE NOUN)
_________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
HER = _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN -OR- FEMININE NOUN STARTING WITH A VOWEL) _________ (+ FEMININE NOUN)
_________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
ITS = _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN -OR- FEMININE NOUN STARTING WITH A VOWEL) _________ (+ FEMININE NOUN)
_________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
OUR = _________ (+ SINGULAR NOUN)_________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
YOUR = _________ (+ SINGULAR NOUN) _________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
THEIR = _________ (+ SINGULAR NOUN) _________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 9
_________ LIVRE ET _________ LIVRE SONT IDENTIQUES.
• DEMONSTRATIVE
1. CE/CET/CETTE/CES
THIS/THAT = _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN STARTING WITH A CONSONANT) _________ (+ MASCULINE NOUN STARTING WITH A VOWEL
OR AN -H)_________ (+ FEMININE NOUN)
THESE/THOSE = _________ (+ PLURAL NOUN)
2. ______-CI (THIS/THESE) / ______-LÀ (THAT/THOSE)
_______ CAHIER _______ ET _______ CAHIER _______
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 10
PREPOSITIONS
1. PREPOSITIONSÀ = ______/______/______DE = ______/______/______PENDANT = ______AVANT = ______APRÈS = ______DEVANT = ______DERRIÈRE = ______À CÔTÉ DE = ______PRÈS DE = ______LOIN DE = ______AUTOUR DE = ______SUR = ______SOUS = ______AVEC = ______CHEZ = ______EN = ______ENTRE = ______
…
JE TRAVAILLE _______ L’ÉCOLE.
2. CONTRACTIONSÀ + LE = ______ DE + LE = ______À + LA = ______ DE + LA = ______À + L’ = ______ DE + L’ = ______À + LES = ______ DE + LES = ______
J’AIME ALLER ______ RESTAURANT.
3. TOPPINGS
UN SANDWICH JAMBONUNE GLACE VANILLEUNE OMELETTE AU/À + LA/À + L’/AUX CHAMPIGNONSUNE PIZZA FROMAGEUNE SOUPE OIGNON…
4. VERBS + CERTAIN PREPOSITIONS
VERB + PREPOSITION + INFINITIVECHOISIR _____ARRIVER _____
JE CHOISIS ____ ETUDIER POUR AVOIR UN A.VERB + PREPOSITION + NOUN
STUDY GUIDE FRENCH 1/2 11
RENTRER _____ LA MAISONPARLER _____ TELEPHONEDONNER _____MONTER _____ PIEDSMONTER _____ ASCENSEURFAIRE _____ 40ETRE _____ L’HEUREETRE _____ RETARDETRE _____ AVANCEPASSER _____TELEPHONER _____MONTER _____ VOITURECHANGER _____REPONDRE _____DESCENDRE _____…
ATTENTION:
ECOUTER _____TELEPHONER _____ATTENDRE ____…
STRESSED PRONOUNS
1. ME = ______YOU = ______HIM = ______ HER = ______US = ______YOU = ______THEM = ______
2. USE AFTER ALL PREPOSITIONS AND ‘QUE’
IL PARLE DE ________.ELLE EST PLUS GRANDE QUE ________.