vilnius pres jon file
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Mapping and Ranking
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• offers better access for a wider variety of students• provides more social mobility through multiple modes of entry
and forms of transfer• better meets the diverse needs of the labour market• is a condition for regional specialisation• increases the effectiveness of higher education institutions
(institutional specialisation)
Diversity in Higher Education Systems
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Context
• European (supranational) policies regarding higher education and research- European Research Area (ERA)- Bologna Process- European Higher Education Area (EHEA)
• ‘diversity’ as a major strength• wish to increase ‘transparency of diversity’
- French presidency conference, Paris, November 2008- Bologna conference, Leuven, April 2009- UNESCO World conference, Paris, July 2009- Upcoming Belgian presidency, July 2010
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Classifications in Higher Education
• instruments to group higher education institutions• and to characterize similarities and differences• based on the actual activities of institutions
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Functions of Classifications
• transparency tool (various stakeholders)• instrument for institutional strategies (mission, profile)• better inform governmental policies• tool for research• (and an instrument for better ranking)
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US Carnegie Classification
• initial objective (1973): improve higher education research• over time several adaptations: 1976, 1994, 2000, 2006• labels and categories• impacts on higher education system dynamics• multi-dimensional approach (2006)
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European Classification
• Recently finished; three reports (2005, 2008, 2010); book (2009)
• interactive design process (stakeholders approach)• basic design principles• tests on validity, reliability, feasibility
• see: www.u-map.eu
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Design Principles
U-Map is:
• based on a multi-actor and multi-dimensional perspective• non-hierarchical• relevant for all higher education institutions in Europe• descriptive, not prescriptive• based on reliable and verifiable data• parsimonious regarding extra data collection
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1. Teaching and learning profile2. Student profile3. Research involvement4. Knowledge exchange5. International orientation6. Regional engagement
U-Map dimensions
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Institutional Profiles
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• sets of ‘scores’ on the dimensions and indicators• actual institutional activities, not performance• information for external stakeholders• instrument for strategic institutional management• base for benchmarking, for inter-institutional cooperation, for
effective communication and profiling
Institutional Profiles
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The rise of global rankings
• Academic Ranking of World Class Universities (ARWU) Shanghai Jiaotong University, since 2003
• Times Higher Education Supplement World Rankings (THE) Times Higher Education, since 2004
• Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan Ranking (HEEACT), since 2007
• The Leiden Ranking (LR) Leiden University, since 2008
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Critique of existing rankings
• focus on ‘whole institutions’ (ignoring internal variance)• concentrate on ‘traditional’ research productivity and impact • aggregate performance into composite overall indicators• use constructed ‘league table’• involve cultural and language biases• involve bias against disciplines with different publication patterns
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Designing an alternative: the EC Call for Tender
• development of concept and feasibility study• global ranking (not only European)• multi-dimensional
- teaching and learning (incl. employability)- research- knowledge exchange- internationalisation (incl. mobility)- regional engagement
• institutional and field-based (disciplines)• all types of higher education and research institutions• multiple stakeholders
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Conceptual approach
• one common ranking of all higher education and research institutions worldwide does not make sense for any group of stakeholders
• identify institutions that are comparable• use the U-Map classification tool to find comparable ‘institutional
profiles’• apply ranking instrument to sets of comparable institutions and
fields
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• U-Multirank is an international project to design and test the feasibility of a multi-dimensional global university ranking.
• It was inspired by a concern that existing university rankings may have a negative effect on diversity within the higher education sector by encouraging universities to engage in a costly race for short-term prestige and to aspire to a single model of a successful university irrespective of their mission and profile.
• The U-Multirank project aims to develop a ranking that respects the multi-dimensional and heterogeneous nature of the world’s universities.
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U-Multirank Logic of institutional rankings
descriptive institutional profiles on six dimensions
performance profiles of each dimension,no aggregated institutional rankings
to be called: Focused Institutional Rankings
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International orientationInternational orientation
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Pilots focused institutional rankings (150 HEIs)
Subset of comparable institutions (A, B, C, D) Subset of comparable institutions (A, B, C, D)
Teaching & learningTeaching & learning
ResearchResearch
Regional engagementRegional engagement
InternationalisationInternationalisation
Main target group:National policy makers
Main target group:National policy makers
Main target group:HEIs/HEI managersMain target group:
HEIs/HEI managers
Knowledge exchangeKnowledge exchange
U-Map Profile Finder
Target groups
Subset of comparable institutions (E, F, G, C) Subset of comparable institutions (E, F, G, C)
GE F
E F G CE F G C
FE G C
E GFA B C DA B C D
BA C D
A B DA B D
Dimen- sions
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U-Multirank Logic of field-based rankings
descriptive institutional profiles on six dimensions
performance profiles of specific fieldin institutions with comparable profiles
to be called: Field-based Rankings
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Pilots field-based rankings
subset of comparable HEIs(example: many MA, internatio- nally oriented, research intense)
subset of comparable HEIs(example: many MA, internatio- nally oriented, research intense)
subset of comparable HEIs(example: regionally oriented, innovation-oriented, many BA)
subset of comparable HEIs(example: regionally oriented, innovation-oriented, many BA)
MA/PhD studentsMA/PhD students HEIs/HEI managersHEIs/HEI managers
Fields
U-Map ProfileFinder
Target groups
Dimen- sions
Teaching & learningTeaching & learning
ResearchResearch
Regional engagementRegional engagement
InternationalisationInternationalisation
Knowledge exchangeKnowledge exchange
GE F
E F G CE F G C
FE G C
E GFA B C DA B C D
BA C D
A B DA B D
business engineering
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U-Multirank
• multidimensional perspective of ‘institutional profiles’• no overall ‘league tables’• no composite institutional indicators• two-level analysis (institutional and ‘field’)• stakeholders driven approach
‘‘multiple excellencesmultiple excellences’’
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Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!
www.u-map.eu www.u-multirank.eu