virginia wastewater treatment examination formula sheet
DESCRIPTION
wastewater formulasTRANSCRIPT
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VirginiaWastewaterTreatmentExaminationFormulaSheet
1.Circumference,Area,Volume
a.Circumference C=3.1416Diameter
b.Perimeter P=[2Length]+[2Width]
c.Area
Rectangle Area=LengthWidth
Circle Area=0.785DiameterDiameter
Triangle Area=BaseHeight
d.Volume
Rectangle Volume=LengthWidthDepth
Cylinder Volume=0.785DiameterDiameterDepth
Cone Volume=0.262DiameterDiameterHeight
Sphere Volume=0.524DiameterDiameterDiameter
2.ConversionFactors
a.fttogallons Volume,Gallons=Volume,ft37.48gallons/ft3
b.Gallonstopounds Pounds=Gallons8.34lbs/gallon
c.mg/Ltopounds Pounds=Concentration,mg/LTAnkVolume,MG8.34lbs/MG/mg/L
d.mg/Ltopounds/day Pounds/Day=Concentration,mg/LFlow,MGD8.34lbs/MG/mg/L
e.mg/Ltokilograms/day Kilograms/Day=Conc.,mg/LFlow,MGD3.785lbs/MG/mg/L
f.mg/Kgtopounds/ton Pounds/Ton=Concentration,mg/KG0.002lbs/ton/mg/KG
g.Poundstomg/L
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h.Pounds/Daytomg/L
i.Pounds/DaytoMGD
3.Flow
a.MGDtoGPD Flow,GPD=Flow,MGD1,000,000gallons/MG
b.MGDtoGPM
c.MGDtoCFS Flow,cfs=Flow,MGD1.55cfs/MGD
4.ChemicalWeight
UsingSpecificGravity Weight/lbs/gallon=Specificgravity8.34lbs/gallon
5.PopulationEquivalent
6.PercenttoDecimalPercent
7.PercentRemoval(Wastewater)
a.BasedonConcentration
b.BasedonQuantity(lbs,lbs/day,KGorKG/day)
8.HydraulicDetentionTime
a.HDT,Minutes
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b.HDT,Hours
c.HDT,Days
9.FlowMeasurement
a.Flow,(FillandDraw),GPM
b.Flow(Velocity),cfs Flow(Q),cfs=ChannelWidth,ftWaterDepth,ftVelocity,fps
10.GritRemoval
a.Velocity(floatmethod)
b.Velocity
c.SettlingTime*
d.RequiredChannelLength*
*Thesettlingvelocitymustbegivenordeterminedexperimentally.
11.Settling
a.WeirOverflowRate
b.SurfaceLoadingRate
c.SolidsLoadingRate
12.Ponds
a.AreainAcres
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b.VolumeinAcreFeet
c.FlowinAcreFeet/Day Flow,AcreFeet/Day=Flow,MGD3.069AcreFeet/MG
d.Flow,AcreInches/Day Flow,AcreInches/Day=Flow,MGD36.8AcreInches/MG
e.HydraulicDetentionTime,Days
f.HydraulicLoading
g.OrganicLoading
h.PopulationLoading
13.TricklingFilter
a.TotalFlow(givenflows) TotalFlow,MGD=InfluentFlow,MGD+RecirculationFlow,MGD
b.TotalFlow(givenratio) TotalFlow,MGD=InfluentFlow,MGD(1.0+RecirculationRate)
c.HydraulicLoading
TotalFlowalwaysincludesrecirculatedflow.
d.OrganicLoading
Organicloadingdoesnotincluderecirculatedflows.
14.RotatingBiologicalContactors
a.SolubleBOD SBOD,mg/L=TotalBOD5,mg/L('K'FactorInfluentTSSmg/L)
b.TotalMedia
c.HydraulicLoading
d.SolubleOrganicLoading
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e.TotalOrganicLoading
15.ActivatedSludge
a.SettledSludgeVolume
b.SettledSludgeVolume
c.ReturnRate(BySSV)
d.ReturnRate(BySVI)
e.ReturnRate(ClarifierMassBalance)
f.ClarifierSolids(CoreSample)
SolidsC,lbs=CoreSampleTSS,mg/LVolumeCMG8.34lbs/mg/L/MG
g.ClarifierSolids(MLSS)
SolidsC=MLSS,mg/LVolumeC,MG8.34lbs/mg/L/MG
h.ClarifierSolids(MLSSandRASSS)
C=ClarifierorSettlingTank
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MLSS=MixedLiquorSuspendedSolidsinmilligrams/LiterRASSS=ReturnActivatedSludgeSuspendedSolidsinmilligrams/Liter
i.SludgeVolumeIndex
j.F:MRatio
k.DesiredMLVSS,(lbs)
l.DesiredMLVSS(mg/L)
m.WasteVolatileSolids(BasedonF:M)
Waste,lbs=ActualMLVSS,lbsRequiredMLVSS,lbs
n.WasteRate,MGD(BasedonF:M)
o.MCRT,Days
p.WasteSolids,lbs/day(BasedonMCRT)
q.WasteRate,MGD(BasedonMCRT)
r.WasteRate,GPM
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16.ChemicalAddition
a.Demand Demand,mg/L=Dose,mg/LResidual,mg/L
b.Dose,mg/L
c.RequiredChemical(FeedRate,lbs/day)
d.FeedRate,gpd
e.FeedRate,gpm
f.FeedRate,mL/minute
g.SupplyRequired
h.SupplyonHand
i.Increases,(price,usage,orforsafety)
Increase=CurrentAmount[1.0+%(decimal)Increase]
j.ChemicalCost
k.ChemicalMakeup(drychemical)
l.ChemicalMakeup(solution)
m.ActiveIngredient
ChemicalUsedActiveIngredient=ChemicalUsed,lbs%ActiveIngredient
17.SolidsPumping
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a.EstimatedPumpRate(gallons/minute)
b.GallonpumpedGPD GPD=PumpRate,gpmCycles,Cycles/dayCycleTime,minutes/cycle
c.SolidsPumpedlbs/day Solids,lbs/day=SolidsVolume,gpd8.34lbs/gal%(decimal)Solids
d.VolatileSolidsPumped,lbs/day
VolatileSolids,lbs/day=SolidsVolume,gpd8.34lbs/gal%Solids%VolatileMatter
*All%valuesmustbeindecimalform.
18.Thickening
a.SolidsLoadingRate(SLR)lbs/day/ft2
b.SolidsLoadingRate(SLR)lbs/hour/ft2
c.SolidsVolumeRatio(SVR)
d.HydraulicLoading
e.Air:SolidsRatio
f.ConcentrationFactor
19.AerobicDigestion
a.VolatileSolidsLoadinglbs/day/ft3
b.DigestionTime(basedonflow)
c.DigestionTime(basedonsolids)
d.ChemicalRequirement
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e.VolatileMatterReduction
20.AnaerobicDigestion
a.SeedVolume Seed,gallons=DigesterVolume,gallonsDesired%SeedVolume
b.VolatileSolidsLoading
c.VolatileAcids/AlkalinityRatio
d.ChemicalRequirement
e.VolatileMatterReduction
f.GasProductionft3/Day
Gas,ft3=VolatileSolidsIn,lbs/day%V.M.ReductionRate,ft3/lbV.M.Destroyed
21.LandApplication
a.SolidsProduction(drytons/year)
b.SolidsProduction(wettons/year)
c.PlantAvailableNitrogen(PAN)(lbs/dryton)
[(OrganicN,mg/kgf1)+(AmmoniaN,mg/kgV1)]0.002
f1=MineralizationRate(assume0.20)V1=VolatilizationRateInjectedSludge=1.0IncorporatedWithin24hours=0.85IncorporatedWithin7days=0.70
d.ApplicationRate(nitrogenbasis)
e.MetalsLoadinglbs/acre
Loading,lbs/Acre=Concentration,mg/kgApplicationRate,D.T./acre0.002mg/kg/dryton
f.AllowableApplications(MetalsBasis)
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g.SiteLIfe(metalbasis)
22.Pumping
a.HeadtoPressure
b.TotalDynamicHead TDH,ft=StaticHead,ft+FrictionHead,ft+VelocityHead,ft
c.WaterHorsepower
d.BrakeHorsepower
e.MotorHorsepower
23.ElectricalEnergy
a.Hptokilowatts(kW) Kilowatts=Horsepower0.746Kw/hp
b.kWtokilowatthrs KilowattHour=KilowattsUsedHoursOperated
c.PowerCost Cost=KilowatthoursusedCost/Kilowatt
24.Sampling
a.CompositeSampleVolume,mL
T=SampleCollectionTime
b.ProportioningFactor(PF)
c.SampleVolume(UsingPF)
SampleVolume,mL=FlowTPF
T=Timesampleiscollected
25.Alkalinity
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Conventional
A=VolumeofStandardAcidUsedN=NormalityofStandardAcid
LowLevel
B=VolumeofStandardAcidUsedtoreachpH4.34.5C=TotalVolumeofStandardAcidfortitrationN=NormalityofStandardAcid
26.Hardness
a.EDTAStandardization
b.Hardness,mg/LCalciumCarbonate A=EDTAusedinTitration,mL
B=EDTACaCO3Equivalence,mL/mL
27.AmmoniaNitrogen
a.Nesslerization
A=MicrogramsofNfromcalibrationcurveB=VolumeofdistillatecollectedC=VolumeofdistillateusedfornesslerizationSampleVolume=Originalsamplevolumeplacedindistillationflask
b.Titration
A=VolumeoftitrantusedforsampleB=VolumeoftitrantusedforblankSampleVolume=Volumeofsampleusedfortitration
28.BiochemicalOxygenDemand
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a.UnseededSamples
b.SeedCorrectionFactor
c.SeededSamples
29.ChemicalOxygenDemand
a.FASStandardization(OpenReflux)
b.FASStandardization(ClosedReflux)
c.COD
A=FASUsedforBlank,mLB=FASUsedforSample,mLC=FASMolarity
30.TotalResidualChlorine
a.IodometricDirectTitration
b.IodometricBackTitration(NoIodinecorrection)
c.IodineCorrection
d.IodometricBackTitration(WithIodinecorrection)
e.IodometricBackTitrationIodateTitrant
31.DissolvedOxygen
WinklerTitration
IfN=0.0250&SampleVolume=200mLthen:TitrantUsed=D.O.,mg/L
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32.FecalColiform
a.MultipleTube
b.MembraneFiltration
33.NitrateNitrogen
a.BrucineSulfate
b.CadmiumReduction
34.NitriteNitrogen
DiazotizationDilutedSample
C=NO2NConcentration,mg/LV=Totalvolumeafterdilution,mLS=SampleVolumeindilution,mL
35.Phosphorous
Phosphorous
36.TotalSuspendedSolids
TSS,mg/L
37.TotalKjeldahlNitrogen
a.Nesslerization
A=MicrogramsofNfromcalibrationcurveB=VolumeofdistillatecollectedC=VolumeofdistillateusedfornesslerizationSampleVolume=Originalsamplevolumeplacedindistillationflask
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b.Titration
A=VolumeoftitrantusedforsampleB=VolumeoftitrantusedforblankSampleVolume=Volumeofsampleusedfortitration
38.TotalVolatileSuspendedSolids
TVSS,mg/L
A=WeightofDriedSolids&SupportC=WeightofAsh&Support
39.Residual(Sludge)SolidsTests
a.%Solids
b.%VolatileMatter
c.%Moisture
40.VPDESReporting
a.AverageMonthlyConcentration
b.AverageWeeklyConcentration
c.AverageDailyConcentration
d.AverageHourly
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Concentration
e.DailyQuantity
DailyQuantity,KG/Day=Conc.,mg/LFlow,MGD3.785lbs/MG/mg/L
Conc.=IndividualTestResultinmg/LFlow=FlowondaysamplewascollectedinMGD
f.AverageMonthlyQuantity
g.AverageWeeklyQuantity
h.GeometricMean(Xy)
i.GeometricMean(log)