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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 1 Virtual Teams and Group Decision Support Systems Minder Chen, Ph.D. Associate Professor of MIS Martin V. Smith School of Business and Economics CSU Channel Islands Camarillo, CA 93012 Minder.Chen@CSUCI.EDU http://faculty.csuci.edu/minder.chen/ Slides: Slides: http://faculty.csuci.edu/minder.chen/slidehttp://faculty.csuci.edu/minder.chen/slide 2009 June 5, 2009

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 2 A New Model for Teamwork Across Geography Across Geography On the Road On the Road Across Disciplines Across Disciplines Among Companies Among Companies Among Departments Among Departments Critical Business Processes

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 3 Managing Knowledge and Creativity People: Individual, Teams, and enterprise Technology: Collaborative Technology Process: Business Process & Group Process

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 4 Team Lifecycle & Performance Model Source: http://hp-strategies.com/images/tpm.jpghttp://hp-strategies.com/images/tpm.jpg

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 5 Facilitation for Better Decisions Source: The IAF Handbook of Group Facilitation & http://www.davidsibbet.com/david_sibbet/2008/07/facilitation-ma.html http://www.davidsibbet.com/david_sibbet/2008/07/facilitation-ma.html http://news.grove.com/grove-facilitation-model/

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 6 Communications One-to-one: e-mail, letter, memos One-to-many: distribution lists, newswires, newsletters Many-to-one: executive info. sys., tracking systems Many-to-many: discussion group, computer conferencing Coordination Scheduling Routing work-flow Decision Making idea generation, organization, & evaluation Modeling Visualization Time Teams are where works get done. Team Activities

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 7 Groupthink 7 Irving L. Janis

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 8 30% 70%

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 9 Benefits of Virtual Teams Tap into global talents and skills where ever they are. People can work from anywhere at anytime. People can be recruited for their competencies, not just physical location. Many physical handicaps are not a problem. Expenses associated with travel, lodging, parking, and leasing or owning a building may be reduced and sometimes eliminated. There is no commuting time.

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 10 Challenges of Virtual Teams Time zone barrier Language barrier Culture barrier Limitation of technology support

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 11 What is a Group Decision Support System? Definition: Systems that integrate computers and communications systems to implement group techniques to support communication, coordination, and decision making via structuring the processes and contents of teamwork. Alias: Collaboration Technologies Computer-support cooperative work (CSCW) Groupware Computer-mediated communication systems Workgroup computing

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 12 Decision Information Center (1 st Generation) Source: http://www.groupsystems.comhttp://www.groupsystems.com http://www.cmi.arizona.edu/

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 13 University of Arizona (2 nd Generation)

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 14 Federal Aviation Administration; Washington, D.C.

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 15 Teamwork & GDSS Same Time Different Time Multi-media presentation systems Key-pad based voting tools Facilitated meetings using a PC Networked PCs based GDSS Project/team rooms Shared offices Screen sharing Audio/video conferencing Web-based desktop conferencing Instant messaging E-mail Shared document database Group authoring tools Discussion forum Different Place Different Place Same Place Same Place TeamSpirits

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 16 Facilitated Meetings Source: Adapted from http://www.grove.com/wkshp/wkshp.html Agenda Outcomes Roles Participants Facilitator Rules Scribe (Technographer) Public displays served as group or organizational memory

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 17 Problem-Solving Life Cycle Idea generation Idea Organization Alternative Evaluation Generic Problem Solving Process Identify problems or opportunities Create/design solutions or systems Implement solutions or systems Idea generation Idea Organization Alternative Evaluation Idea generation Idea Organization Alternative Evaluation Problem-Solving Life Cycle Iteration

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 18 Managing Meetings as a Problem-Solving Process A meeting Agenda item 1 Agenda Item 2 Agenda Item 3 A problem solving process Problem-solving activity or task 1 Problem-solving activity or task 2 Problem-solving activity or task 3 Meeting Roles Facilitator: Design, set up, and monitor the meeting Participant: Participate in a meeting

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 19 Generic Problem-Solving Process and TeamSpirit Share information Discussion forum Structured brainstorming Brainstorming Idea consolidation Rate alternative Rank alternatives Select alternatives Multicriteria evaluation Idea generation Idea Organization Alternative Evaluation TeamSpirit Toolbox Generic Problem Solving Process DivergentThinking ConvergentThinking TeamSpirit Meeting Management Tool TeamSpirit is a Web-based group decision support system / creative group problem solving system. Every user can create and facilitate meetings.

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 20 Team Repository Users Meetings Meeting Rosters Agendas Activity Items & Item Types Team Repository Users Meetings Meeting Rosters Agendas Activity Items & Item Types Group Toolkit Group Toolkit Group Problem Solving Process Manager Meeting Listing Roster Listing Agenda Execution Meeting Setup Roster Setup Agenda Setup Group Problem Solving Process Manager Meeting Listing Roster Listing Agenda Execution Meeting Setup Roster Setup Agenda Setup User Authentication and Registration Join Meetings Manage Meetings Participation Version Facilitation Version Internet / Intranet Facilitators Participants TS Idea generation Idea consolidation Idea evaluation

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 21 Using TeamSpirits for Case Studies

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 22 Information Sharing Tool

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 23 Electronic Brainstorming Tool

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 24 Rating Tool

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 25 Software Supporting Teamwork Software NameDescription Wiki Group writing/documentation tool TeamSpirits Group DSS tool for group problem solving Compendium Support IBIS method and Dialogue Mapping FreeMind mind mapping software Dimdim 4 Web conferencing tool Visio Structured diagramming tool for process, data, and object-oriented modeling, including mind- mapping tool Groove & SharePoint Collaboration and document sharing software & Team Portal MS Project Project management tool Twitter Micro-blogging tool Ning Social Networking development tools Second Life 3-D virtual reality

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 26 Evaluating Software for Virtual Teams Media richness: text, graphic (2-D and 3-D), audio, video Content structureness: Unstructured, semi- structured, and structured Process: Ad hoc vs. structured process Ease of use: Use by all the team members or just a well-trained facilitator Interaction patterns: 1-to-1, 1-to-N, and M-to-M Resource needs: Costs, infrastructure, etc.

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Virtual Teams and GDSS - 27 (creativity) (Innovation) (Invention) Products, services, business opportunities (Entrepreneurship) : Three Ts Technologies/Techniques : Basic technology, core technology, advanced technology Talents : T-shape people, * Tolerance (open-minded) Creativity Innovation Entrepreneurship * Tim Brown, Strategy by Design, http://www.fastcompany.com/node/52795/printhttp://www.fastcompany.com/node/52795/print

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