visual dictionary
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Visual Dictionary](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/555b1971d8b42aa67a8b498a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Visual Dictionary
Materials, Methods, and Equipment 1
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Air Barrier Paper:a sheet material used as both a vapor retarder and an air
barrier
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Attic Ventilation:
Soffit Vent:
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Attic Ventilation:Ridge Vent:
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Attic Ventilation:Gable Vent:
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Attic Ventilation:Roof Turbine:
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Backhoe:is a piece of excavating equipment or digger consisting of a
digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm
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Batter Boards:a temporary frame built just outside the corner of an
excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of
the basement that will be built in the excavation
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Brick Arches: A wedge-shaped brick used in arches
Brick Arch # 1:
Roman Arch
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Brick Arches:
Brick Arch # 2:
Elliptical Arch
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Brick Arches:
Brick Arch with Keystone:
Jack Arch with Keystone
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Brick Arches:
Centering: temporary formwork for an arch, dome, or vault
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Brick Bonds:an arrangement of built-up brick or other units laid so that their
overlapping thoroughly ties the units together, which enables the
whole to act as a unit in resisting stresses Brick Bond # 1: Common
Every 6th Course is a Header line
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Brick Bonds:
Brick bond # 2: Stacked
Bricks are stacked on top of one another
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Brick Bonds:
Rowlocks:
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Brick Bonds:
Headers:
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Brick Bonds:
Soldiers:
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Brick Bonds:
Sailor:
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Brick Bonds:
Stretcher Rowlock (Shiners):
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Brick Sizes:Length, Width, and Height of a Brick
Brick Size # 1:
Modular
3 5/8” wide X 2 ¼” tall X 7 5/8” long
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Brick Sizes:
Brick Size # 2:
Roman
3 ½” wide X 1 5/8” tall X 11” long
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Bulldozer:A heavy, driver-operated machine for clearing and grading
land, usually having continuous treads and a broad
hydraulic blade in front
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Cladding:Exterior façade of a building that carries no
loads from the building itself
Brick Clad Structure:
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Cladding:
EIFS Clad Structure:
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Cladding:Stone Clad Structure:
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Cladding:Wood Board Clad Structure:
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Cladding:Wood Shingle/ Shake Clad Structure: strong
planked wood used for siding
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Code Requirements:Egress of Bedroom Window:Window meets egress requirements for a second floor window
Width: 3 ½’, Height: 2 ½’, Area: 8 ¾ sq ft, Sill Height 24” AFF
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Code Requirements:
Stairs: This stair meets IBC code requirements
Tread: 10”
Riser: 7 3/4”
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Concrete Joints:an intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or
component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to
minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure Control Joint:
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Concrete Joints:Isolation Joint: Isolates wall from structural
steel column.used to relieve flexural stresses due to vertical movement
of slab-on-grade applications that adjoin fixed foundation elements such as columns, building or machinery foundations, etc.
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Concrete Masonry Unit:a block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores,
designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick or stone
1 CMU= 3 Brick Courses
CMU: usually 8”X8”X16”
CMU is an important structural element or it can be an interior façade over structural steel.
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Concrete Masonry Units:
Different Sizes of CMU:
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Decorative Concrete Masonry Units:
Split Block:
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Decorative Concrete Masonry Units:
Ribbed Block:
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Doors:Exterior Flush Door:
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Doors:Exterior Panel Door:
Stile
Top Rail
Bottom Rail
Lock Rail
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Doors:
Transom: a small window directly above a door
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Doors:Sidelight: a tall, narrow window alongside a
door
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Electrical Components:Underground Transformer: an electrical device
that changes the voltage of alternating current
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Electrical Components:Service Head: entrance spot for the three
wires that come from the transformer to the house and pass through to the meter
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Electrical Components:Meter: measures power usage of a house
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Electrical Components:Service Panel: Also known as a breaker
panel, contains a main disconnect switch and circuit breakers that act as fuses for each electrical circuit
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Electrical Components:Duplex Receptacle: a receptacle with more
than one outlet, a place where an appliance can be connected to an electrical circuit
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Framing Elements:
# 1 Anchor Bolt:
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Framing Elements:
# 2 Sill Plate:
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Framing Elements:# 3 Floor Joists:
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Framing Elements:# 4 Sub flooring:
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Framing Elements:
# 5 Sole Plate:
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Framing Elements:
# 6 Stud: Light gauge steel framing stud
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Framing Elements:
# 7 Top Plate:
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Faming Elements:
# 8 Ceiling Joist:
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Framing Elements:
# 9 Rafter:
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Framing Elements:
# 10 Roof Decking:
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Framing Elements:
# 11 Sheathing:
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Framing Elements:
# 12 Stringer:
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Front End Loader:
An earthmoving machine with a hydraulic scoop in front for lifting and loading earthwork and rubble.
A backhoe is an excavator whose bucket is rigidly attached to a hinged pole on the boom and is drawn backward to the machine when in operation.
A bulldozer is a heavy, driver operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front.
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Gypsum Board:an interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core
sandwiched between paper faces
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Heat Pump: a device that utilizes a refrigeration cycle either to heat or cool a
building by passing air or water over either the condensing coils or the evaporating coils
repeatedly
Advantage: Heat pumps are more energy efficient.
Disadvantage: Higher first cost than hot water heater.
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Heat Pumps:Compressor/ Condenser: a device that
removes vapors like oil or water from the air stream in a compressed air line
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Heat Pumps:Air Handling Unit: provides treatment for air
before it is distributed
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Insulation: material used in the building assembly to reduce heat flow through the
assemblyBlanket/ Batt Insulation: used to reduce heat flow in
walls
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Insulation:
Loose Fill Insulation: used to reduce heat flow in attic spaces.
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Insulation:
Foamed Insulation: used to reduce heat flow in wall cavities or window cavities
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Insulation:Rigid board Insulation: used to reduce heat
flow in any part of the building assembly
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Lintel:a beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or
door opening Concrete Lintel
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Mortar:Mortar Joint # 1:
Tooled= Raked
5/8” thick
Used on a house: N mortar used
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Mortar:Mortar Joint # 2:
Tooled= Concave
5/8” thick
Used on public building: N mortar used
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Oriented Strand Board:a nonveneered panel product composed of long shreds of
wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded
together under pressure
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Plumbing:
Lavatory:
1 ½” pipe
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Plumbing:
Water Closet:
3” Drainage Pipe
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Plumbing:
Manufactured Shower/ Tub:
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Plumbing:Plumbing Roof Vent: maintains a system of
plumbing drains and waste lines at atmospheric pressure by connecting them to outdoor air.
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Plumbing:Kitchen/ Bathroom Sink:
Integral Sink
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Plywood:a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of
wood veneer bonded together under pressure Veneer: a thin layer, sheet, or facing
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Radiant Barrier:a reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a
deterrent to the passage of infrared energy
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Rebar:
Rebar in elevator shaft
#4 rebar
½” diameter
Deformations/ surface ribs are better for bonding with concrete
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Steep Roof Drainage:Gutter: a channel that collects rainwater and
snowmelt at the eave of a roof
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Steep Roof Drainage:Downspout: a vertical pipe for conducting
water from a roof to a lower level
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Steep Roof Drainage:Splash back: a small pre-cast block of
concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout
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Steep Roof Materials:
Under-layment: a panel laid over a sub-floor or rafters/trusses to create a smooth, stiff surface for the application of finished flooring or roofing.
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Steep Roof Materials:
Clay Tile Roof:
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Steep Roof Materials:
Shingle: a thin, oblong piece of material, such as wood or slate, that is laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof or sides of a house.
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Steep Roof Materials:Metal Panel Roof: generally galvanized or
aluminized steel
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Steep Roof Shapes:Gable Roof:
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Steep Roof Shapes:
Gambrel Roof:
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Steep Roof Shapes:
Hip Roof:
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Steep Roof Shapes:
Mansard Roof:
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Steep Roof Terms:
Ridge: the level intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof
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Steep Roof Terms:
Valley: a trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes
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Steep Roof Terms:
Eave: the horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof
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Steep Roof Terms:
Rake: the sloping edge of a steep edge
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Steep Roof Terms:Soffit: the undersurface of a horizontal
element of a building
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Steep Roof Terms:
Fascia: the exposed vertical face of an eave
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Steep Roof Terms:
Building w/out Fascia:
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Stone:
Random Rubble:
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Stone:
Coursed Rubble:
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Stone:
Random Ashlar:
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Stone:
Coursed Ashlar:
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Vapor Retarder:
Prevents water vapor from penetrating the insulation in the wall of a building
Placed on the inside of the insulation
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Waterproofing:Rolled on waterproofing
An impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation concrete masonry units.
It prevents water from entering the building through concrete masonry units.
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Weep Hole:a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or
assembly
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Welded Wire Fabric:
The welded wire fabric grid was about 5’ x 6’
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Windows:Window # 1:
Casement Window: window has a sash that rotates outward from its frame on the side
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Windows:Window # 2:
Sliding Window: essentially a single hung window on its side with the advantage that the track holds the sash in the frame along two sides
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Windows:Window # 3:
Single Hung: sash is kept in place by a track on the vertical sides of the window.