Upload File

v.m. slipher: master of the spectrographthe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations,...

  • Home
  • Documents
  • V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
32
V.M. Slipher: Master of the Spectrograph Robert Smith (University of Alberta)

Upload: others

Post on 08-Mar-2021

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

Report

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

V.M. Slipher: Master of the Spectrograph

Robert Smith (University of Alberta)

Page 2: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Aims

• Recover the contexts for V.M. Slipher’s studies of the radial velocities of spiral nebulae, that is, to put the `strangeness’ back in

• Slipher’s pursuit of credibility

• Address the question, Why successful in 1912?

Page 3: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 4: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Lowell as Spencerian

Page 5: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Keeler and Crossley Telescope

Page 6: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 7: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 8: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 9: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 10: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 11: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Campbell and Mills Spectrograph

Page 12: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 13: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Chart of Venus by Lowell, 1896

Page 14: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 15: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Mars Water Vapour Controversy 1909

Page 16: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 17: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Campbell sceptical

• “Your high velocity for the Andromeda Nebula is surprising in the extreme. I suppose, as the dispersion of your instrument must have been very low, the error of your radial velocity measurements must have been pretty large. I hope you have more than one result for velocity, and no doubt you have.”

Page 18: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

AAS 1914

Page 19: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 20: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Hertzsprung sends congratulations

• The radial velocities show “with great certainty” that the spirals do not belong to the Milky Way

Page 21: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Campbell

Page 22: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Kapteyn 1910

Page 23: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 24: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Eddington, The Mathematical Theory of Relativity, 1923

Page 25: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

But Slipher is out of the hunt for the radial velocities of spirals by about

1923

• A new direction: correlating radial velocities with properties of spiral nebulae, but Slipher was left behind

Page 26: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 27: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 28: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 29: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 30: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three
Page 31: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Slipher on Doppler Shifts

• Initial doubts that the spectral shifts are Doppler shifts but he can not conceive of an alternative

• Contrast with Hubble

Page 32: V.M. Slipher: Master of the SpectrographThe spectrograph, 2 as employed in these observations, consists essentially of a collimator of 30 mm aperture and 490 mm focus, a train Of three

Conclusions

•


Collimator Controls

2D Collimator Analysis

DIY Laser Collimator

Auto Collimator

COLLIMATOR FOR ACCUMULATOR/67531/metadc696480/m2/1/high_res_d/537381.pdfbetween the collimator inner diameter and the beam tube inner diameter, and are assumed to pass into the collimator

Improving Collimator Setup Efficiency

LARP Phase II Secondary Rotatable Collimator

Results from Beam-Based Collimator Alignment

Collimator and beamline heating

Collimator Test-Bench Heating Test

Status of LS1 collimator maintenance

arXiv:2005.12071v1 [physics.acc-ph] 25 May 2020a) b) e-Block collimator Block collimator (hidden) Wedge collimator Figure 2: 3D CAD model of the three collimator device. (a) The block

Collimator design and short range wakefields

Collimator Studies

Collimator for Survey

Multileaf Collimator

Collimator Alignment Procedure _2

RESEARCH Open Access The effect of multileaf collimator ... · VMAT planning related to different MLC leaf width sizes (5 mm vs. 2.5 mm) have not been evaluated. Furthermore, the

Collimator subtends PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sub-percent Møller Polarimetery in Jefferson Lab ...faculty.virginia.edu/PSTP2013/Talks/moller_MAGEE.pdfLevchuk effect 10 % 0.33 Collimator positions 0.5 mm 0.03 Target temp. rise

Collimator Setup MD

Operational Results of LHC Collimator Alignment using ...€¦ · AUTO Collimator aligned? No -repeat, Yes -save Collimator moves towards beam Movement stops when threshold is exceeded

Sub-percent Møller Polarimetery in Jefferson Lab ... › PSTP2013 › Talks › moller_MAGEE.pdf · Levchuk effect 10 % 0.33 Collimator positions 0.5 mm 0.03 Target temp. rise 100%

Layout and Functionality of Collimator System

 · 4.28 Cassette 4.3 4.3.1 Stationary anode. 4.32 Two focal spots 0.6 mm. 1.5 mm. 4.3.3 Anode heat storage capacity 40,000 HU. 4.3.4 Target Angle 14 4.35 Collimator 4.4 61 5.1 5.2

Paavai Institutions Department of IT · 2.11.1 vernier bevel protractor: 2.12 auto- collimator 2.12.1 working of auto-collimator 2.12.2 applications of auto-collimator 2.13 angle

Collimator Wakefields

Preliminary results from SPS collimator MDs

LARP Rotatable Collimator Prototype

The Big Bang · A brief history of experiment (1912-1931) The redshifts of the nebulae (Slipher) The distances to the nebulae (Hubble) The Hubble-Slipher graph A brief history of

Collimator Wakefield Measurements

Automatic Angular Alignment of LHC Collimators...collimator is taken to be the primary collimator in the same plane (horizontal, vertical or skew) as collimator i which is to be aligned

LARP Collimator Tasks

Slipher and the Nature of the Nebulae - Lowell Observatory

radco collimator manual