Area Traffic Control Area Traffic Control System System

implementation at implementation at Pune Pune

byby

V. Muralidharan V. Muralidharan Additional Director, Head CIGAdditional Director, Head CIG

C-DAC, Thiruvananthapuram 695033 C-DAC, Thiruvananthapuram 695033 Email: murali@cdactvm.in Email: murali@cdactvm.in

Area Traffic Control SystemArea Traffic Control System

Area traffic control system are traffic responsive Area traffic control system are traffic responsive system that use data from vehicle detectors and system that use data from vehicle detectors and optimize traffic signal settings to reduce vehicle optimize traffic signal settings to reduce vehicle delays and stops delays and stops

The system operates in a closed loop, The system operates in a closed loop, evaluating the real time demand and properly evaluating the real time demand and properly updating network signal timingsupdating network signal timings

The Indian ScenarioThe Indian Scenario

Most of the traffic signal controllers Most of the traffic signal controllers installed across the Country are first installed across the Country are first generation, fixed time controllersgeneration, fixed time controllers

Only two cities (New Delhi and Pune) has Only two cities (New Delhi and Pune) has the Area Traffic Control System (ATCS)the Area Traffic Control System (ATCS) New Delhi - 63 Junction (imported from UK)New Delhi - 63 Junction (imported from UK) Pune - 38 Junctions (developed by C-DAC) Pune - 38 Junctions (developed by C-DAC)

Even this is a very small percentageEven this is a very small percentage

Disadvantages of Fixed time traffic Disadvantages of Fixed time traffic signal controllerssignal controllers

The timing plans are based on historical The timing plans are based on historical data, which may not be an accurate data, which may not be an accurate reflection of typical conditionsreflection of typical conditions

The timing plans rapidly age and the The timing plans rapidly age and the benefits achieved decreasebenefits achieved decrease

The system cannot respond to The system cannot respond to unpredictable events unpredictable events

Result of fixed time controllerResult of fixed time controller

Wasted Green timeWasted Green time Unresolved QueuesUnresolved Queues Minor Accidents at the intersectionMinor Accidents at the intersection

Major building blocks of ATCSMajor building blocks of ATCS

Traffic Signal ControllerTraffic Signal Controller Vehicle DetectorsVehicle Detectors Communication NetworkCommunication Network Application SoftwareApplication Software Central Control StationCentral Control Station

Traffic Signal ControllerTraffic Signal Controller

Stop line Loop for Straight going traffic

Exit Loop for Right turning traffic

Vehicle DetectionVehicle Detection(Balgandharv Chowk, Pune)

ArTIC #1 ArTIC #2 ArTIC #3 ArTIC #n

CCR

Detector Detector Detector Detector

Communication network

DETCTOR

CONTROLLER

• CETRAL CONTROL STATION

• ATCS SOFTWARE

Central Control Station (CCS)Central Control Station (CCS)

Challenges in implementing ATCS Challenges in implementing ATCS on Indian roadson Indian roads

Traffic is not lane followingTraffic is not lane following A vehicle entering the approach (upstream) on a A vehicle entering the approach (upstream) on a

particular lane need not maintain the same at particular lane need not maintain the same at the intersectionthe intersection

High mix of trafficHigh mix of traffic Uncontrolled side roads and on-street parkingUncontrolled side roads and on-street parking Obtaining a correct measure of traffic count is Obtaining a correct measure of traffic count is

highly complex highly complex Data loss due to power failureData loss due to power failure Network failureNetwork failure Availability of fundsAvailability of funds

Homogeneous, lane following traffic

Typical flow on Indian Roads (A scene from Pune)

Typical Indian Road ConditionTypical Indian Road Condition

There is not, physically, as much road There is not, physically, as much road space and roads are not always planned space and roads are not always planned and designed for efficient traffic useand designed for efficient traffic use

The roads are called upon to perform a The roads are called upon to perform a wide variety of functions which includes wide variety of functions which includes non-traffic use non-traffic use

for example, the co-existence of market for example, the co-existence of market stalls and through traffic on the same road stalls and through traffic on the same road spacespace

Segregated footpaths are often poorly Segregated footpaths are often poorly provided or used for other purposes, provided or used for other purposes, forcing pedestrians to use the roadwayforcing pedestrians to use the roadway

Vehicle growth rates are very highVehicle growth rates are very high Vehicle mix can cover a wide range of Vehicle mix can cover a wide range of

types and characteristics, from bicycles types and characteristics, from bicycles and bullock-carts to articulated trucksand bullock-carts to articulated trucks

On Street ParkingOn Street Parking

A typical parking pattern seen on Laxmi Road

Typical corridorsTypical corridors((Laxmi Road, Pune)Laxmi Road, Pune)

Addressing the ChallengesAddressing the Challenges

C-DAC developed a Composite Signal Control C-DAC developed a Composite Signal Control Strategy (CoSiCoSt) for distributed network Strategy (CoSiCoSt) for distributed network model that address all typical Indian road model that address all typical Indian road conditionsconditions

Strategies are built into the system to guard Strategies are built into the system to guard against network failure, power failure etc.against network failure, power failure etc.

Distributed control give high scalability. Phased Distributed control give high scalability. Phased implementation of the system is possible based implementation of the system is possible based on funds availabilityon funds availability

C-DAC ATCS Model

Central Control Station (CCS)

Stop lineDetector

Traffic Signal Controller S

ign

al

Lig

hts

Average Occupancy

Signal Timings (Prediction)

Signal Control

Feedback(Signal Timings executed against the prediction)

Characteristics of C-DAC ATCSCharacteristics of C-DAC ATCS The average occupancy information is collected by the Traffic Signal The average occupancy information is collected by the Traffic Signal

Controller from the vehicle sensors at stop-line and exit at the Controller from the vehicle sensors at stop-line and exit at the respective intersectionsrespective intersections

Signal timings for the intersection is generated by the traffic signal Signal timings for the intersection is generated by the traffic signal controllercontroller

Lead time required for the decision to terminate or continue a green Lead time required for the decision to terminate or continue a green is typically 1 to 2 Sec.is typically 1 to 2 Sec.

Green time executed at the intersection is intimated the to CC for Green time executed at the intersection is intimated the to CC for audit and updateaudit and update

CC computes the limits for green time for every approach for all the CC computes the limits for green time for every approach for all the intersections in the network, based on the demand trend analysisintersections in the network, based on the demand trend analysis

Traffic signal controller is given autonomy to terminate the green Traffic signal controller is given autonomy to terminate the green prematurely, if the demand does not satisfy the CC predicted value prematurely, if the demand does not satisfy the CC predicted value

The traffic signal controllers can operate in vehicle actuation during The traffic signal controllers can operate in vehicle actuation during communication failure or isolated modecommunication failure or isolated mode

Scalable from independent intersection-to-corridor control with Scalable from independent intersection-to-corridor control with distributed time synchronization-to-ATCSdistributed time synchronization-to-ATCS

CoSiCoSt Network Model

New Timings & Preferences

Demand

Intersection Controller

Split Optimizer

Split time modifier

Translation Plan

Detector

Stage Timing, Stage Saturation, Speed info

Performance Index / Offset

Route Selection &

Offset Optimizer

Current Timings

Preferences & Observations

Area Optimizer

Weights & Bias

ScalabilityScalability

Vehicle Actuated Traffic Signal Controller /Urban Traffic Controller System (UTCS)

Vehicle Actuated Corridor Control

ATCS

Camera

SCMS

VMS

SCMS – Service Crew Monitoring System VMS – Variable Message Signs

ArTIC #1 ArTIC #2 ArTIC #3 ArTIC #38

CameraCamera

CCR

Detector Detector Detector Detector

GSM NETWORK

GSM NETWORK

SCMS SCMS

Variable Message Sign

Variable Message Sign

Leased line Network

(Data, Control & Video)

Pune ATCS Configuration

Project Area in Pune

38 Intersections

Karve Road

JM R

oad

Laxmi Road

Sivaji R

oad

Tilak Road

Bajirao

Ro

ad

Central Control Room

Variable Message SignVariable Message Sign(Swargate, Pune)(Swargate, Pune)

Service Crew Monitoring SystemService Crew Monitoring System

Photographs from Surveillance Camera Photographs from Surveillance Camera Alka Talkies Junction, PuneAlka Talkies Junction, Pune

Corridor performance reportCorridor performance report

Traffic Flow Traffic Flow

Time space diagramTime space diagram

Impact Analysis of ATCS in PuneImpact Analysis of ATCS in Pune

M/s. Consulting Engineering Services M/s. Consulting Engineering Services (India) Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai(India) Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai

Pre and Post implementation studyPre and Post implementation study

Controller supply and installationController supply and installation M/s Webel Mediatronics Ltd., KolkataM/s Webel Mediatronics Ltd., Kolkata

38 controllers and 136 vehicle sensor 38 controllers and 136 vehicle sensor loopsloops

Measure of Effectives (MoEs) considered Measure of Effectives (MoEs) considered for evaluation of impact of ATCS for evaluation of impact of ATCS

Average Travel Speed Average Travel Speed Average Delay Average Delay Average Saving in FuelAverage Saving in Fuel Average Saving in TimeAverage Saving in Time

Summary of these MoEs Summary of these MoEs

Average travel speed increase of - 2% to 12% Average travel speed increase of - 2% to 12% Reduction in average delay of - 11% to 30% Reduction in average delay of - 11% to 30% Estimated annual fuel savings in the year 2006 Estimated annual fuel savings in the year 2006

is about - Rs. 4.77 Croresis about - Rs. 4.77 Crores Estimated annual time saving benefits in the Estimated annual time saving benefits in the

year 2006 is about - Rs. 0.83 Crores year 2006 is about - Rs. 0.83 Crores Total annual saving in the year 2006 is about Rs. Total annual saving in the year 2006 is about Rs.

5.60 Crores5.60 Crores

Over all Increase in the Traffic Volume is Over all Increase in the Traffic Volume is 9.06%9.06%

ATCS PuneATCS Pune Project Jointly funded by DIT and Pune Municipal CorporationProject Jointly funded by DIT and Pune Municipal Corporation DurationDuration - 30 Months (January 2004 to June 2006)- 30 Months (January 2004 to June 2006) Project CostProject Cost - Rs.597.68L- Rs.597.68L

Percentage Share

65%

35%

DIT

PMC

Further ImplementationFurther Implementation

JaipurJaipur One corridor (9 junctions) on pilot scaleOne corridor (9 junctions) on pilot scale

• Implementation in final stage. Expected to be fully Implementation in final stage. Expected to be fully functional by the end of January 2007functional by the end of January 2007

AhmedabadAhmedabad Three corridors (31 junctions) on pilot scaleThree corridors (31 junctions) on pilot scale

• Detailed project report being prepared by M/s. Detailed project report being prepared by M/s. Webel Mediatronics Ltd., KolkataWebel Mediatronics Ltd., Kolkata

Agencies come forward for Agencies come forward for ATCS TechnologyATCS Technology

M/s. Webel Mediatronics Ltd., KolkataM/s. Webel Mediatronics Ltd., Kolkatao M/s. KELTRON, ThiruvananthapuramM/s. KELTRON, Thiruvananthapuramo M/s. Bharat Electronics Ltd., BangaloreM/s. Bharat Electronics Ltd., Bangalore

PatentsPatents A method for synchronizing Heterogeneous Road A method for synchronizing Heterogeneous Road

Traffic and System thereof Traffic and System thereof #1087/CHE/2005 dated 08/08/05#1087/CHE/2005 dated 08/08/05

System and Method for Vehicle IdentificationSystem and Method for Vehicle Identification #1201/CHE/2005 dated 29/08/05#1201/CHE/2005 dated 29/08/05

Distributed Time Synchronization of Road Traffic Distributed Time Synchronization of Road Traffic Signal Controllers using GPSSignal Controllers using GPS IP 2069/AFS/pgv (K&S Partners ref.)IP 2069/AFS/pgv (K&S Partners ref.)

Paper PublishingPaper Publishing

A Composite Signal Control Strategy for Indian A Composite Signal Control Strategy for Indian Roads, Indian Highways, August 2006 issue Roads, Indian Highways, August 2006 issue of The Indian Roads Congress, New Delhiof The Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi

Paper PresentationPaper Presentation 77thth International Workshop International Workshop

Transportation Planning & Implementation Transportation Planning & Implementation Methodologies for Developing Countries: Methodologies for Developing Countries: Infrastructure SystemsInfrastructure Systems

TopicTopic Real-time Adaptive Traffic Control Systems for Real-time Adaptive Traffic Control Systems for

Indian Cities – Challenges and Indian Cities – Challenges and Solutions,Indian Institute of Technology Solutions,Indian Institute of Technology Bombay,3Bombay,3rdrd December 2006 December 2006

Thank YouThank You