MicrosoftVirtual Academy

M2: Storage & Resource Management

Symon Perriman Matt McSpiritTechnical Evangelist Technical Product Manager

MicrosoftVirtual Academy

Introduction to Hyper-V Jump StartPart 1 | Windows Server 2012

Hyper-V &. VMware vSphere 5.1Part 2 | System Center 2012 SP1 &

VMware’s Private Cloud

(01) Introduction & Scalability(05) Introduction & Overview of

System Center 2012

(02) Storage & Resource Management

(06) Application Management

(03) Security, Multi-tenancy & Flexibility

(07) Cross-Platform Management

(04) High-Availability & Resiliency(08) Foundation, Hybrid Clouds &

Costs

** MEAL BREAK **

Module Agenda Storage Capabilities Resource Management

Storage Capabilities

Storage Options Microsoft

iSCSI, Fibre Channel, SMB 3.0 VM Disks:

RAW VHD/VHDX’s: Thin Provisioned Fixed Differencing

VMware iSCSI, Fibre Channel,

NAS/NFS VM Disks:

RAW VMDKs: Thin Provisioned Thick Provisioned

Lazy/Eager Zeroed Linked Clones

Enhanced Storage Capabilities

Virtual Fibre ChannelConnect a VM directly to FC SAN without sacrificing features

Live migration maintaining Fibre Channel connectivity

Virtual Fibre Channel in Hyper‑VSCALE AND

PERFORMANCE

Hyper‑V host 1 Hyper‑V host 2

Worldwide Name Set B

Worldwide Name Set A

Worldwide Name Set B

Virtual machineVirtual machineLIVE MIGRATION• Unmediated access to a storage area

network (SAN)

• Hardware-based I/O path to virtual hard disk stack

• N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV) support

• Single Hyper‑V host connected to different SANs

• Up to four Virtual Fibre Channel adapters on a virtual machine

• Multipath I/O (MPIO) functionality

• Live migration

Access Fibre Channel SAN data from a virtual machine

Worldwide Name Set A

Enhanced Storage Capabilities

Virtual Fibre ChannelConnect a VM directly to FC SAN without sacrificing features

Native 4K Disk SupportTake advantage of enhanced density and reliability

Capabilities• Improved performance of virtual hard

disks on 512e disks

• Ability to host virtual hard disks on native 4 KB disks

Benefits• Reduces impact of 512e disks on

virtual hard disk stack

• Workloads complete more quickly

Support for 4 KB disk sectors in Hyper‑V virtual hard disks

Virtual hard disk 4 KB block (blue) not aligned with physical 4 KB

boundary

9

SCALE AND PERFORMANCE

Physical sector 0 Physical sector 1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11

12

13

14

15Logical sector

Sector bitmap

First 4 KB for payload data

Enhanced Storage Capabilities

Virtual Fibre ChannelConnect a VM directly to FC SAN without sacrificing features

Native 4K Disk SupportTake advantage of enhanced density and reliability

64TB Virtual Hard DisksIncreased capacity, protection & alignment optimization

Features• Storage capacity up to 64 TBs

• Corruption protection during power failures

• Optimal structure alignment for large-sector disks

Benefits• Increases storage capacity

• Protects data

• Helps to ensure quality performance on large-sector disks

New virtual hard disk format

VHDX

SCALE AND PERFORMANCE

Large allocations and 1 MB aligned

Header region

Data region (large allocations and 1 MB aligned)

Metadata region (small allocations and unaligned)

Intent logBlock

Allocation Table (BAT)

Metadata table

User data blocks

Sector bitmap blocks

User metadata

File metadataHeader

Enhanced Storage Capabilities

StorageSpacesStorage resiliency and availability with commodity hardware

• Virtualization of storage with Storage Pools and Storage Spaces

• Storage resilience and availability with commodity hardware

• Resiliency and data redundancy throughn-way mirroring (clustered or unclustered) or parity mode (unclustered)

• Utilization optimized through thin and trim provisioning and enclosure awareness

• Integration with other Windows Server 2012 capabilities

• Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) and Serial AT Attachment (SATA) interconnects

Storage Spaces

WindowsVirtualizedStorage

Windows Application Server or File Server

Physical or virtualized deployments

PhysicalStorage

(Shared) SAS or SATA

Integrated with otherWindows Server 2012 capabilities

Storage PoolStorage Pool

File Server Administration

Console

Hyper-V

Cluster Shared Volume

Failover Clustering

SMB Multichannel

NFS Windows Storage Mgmt.

NTFS SMB Direct

13

Storage Space Storage Space Storage Space

ENTERPRISE-CLASS FEATURES ON LESS

EXPENSIVE HARDWARE

Enhanced Storage Capabilities

Offloaded Data TransferOffloads storage-intensive tasks to the SAN

StorageSpacesStorage resiliency and availability with commodity hardware

Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)

OffloadCopy

Request Token

Write Request

TokenSuccessful Write Result

15

External Intelligent Storage Array

Virtual Disk Virtual Disk

Actual Data

Token

IMPROVED PERFORMANC

E,MORE CHOICE

Benefits• Rapid virtual machine provisioning

and migration• Faster transfers on large files• Minimized latency• Maximized array throughput• Less CPU and network use• Performance not limited by network

throughput or server use• Improved datacenter capacity and

scale

Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)Token-based data transfer between intelligent storage arrays

Hyper-V ODX Support

• Secure Offload data transfer

Fixed VHD/VHDX Creation

Dynamic VHD/VHDX Expansion

VHD/VHDX Merge

Live Storage Migration

• Just one example… Average Desk-top

ODX0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Creation of a 10 GB Fixed Disk

Time (seconds)

<1 Second!

~3 Minutes

Enhanced Storage Capabilities

Boot fromUSB DiskFlexible deployment option for diskless servers(Hyper-V Server 2012)

Offloaded Data TransferOffloads storage-intensive tasks to the SAN

StorageSpacesStorage resiliency and availability with commodity hardware

VMware ComparisonHyper-V allows the creation of virtual disks that are 32 times the size of those created on vSphere 5.1

Capability Hyper-V(2012)

vSphere Hypervisor

vSphere 5.1 Enterprise Plus

Virtual Fiber Channel Yes Yes Yes

3rd Party Multipathing (MPIO) Yes No Yes (VAMP)1

Native 4-KB Disk Support Yes No No

Maximum Virtual Disk Size 64TB VHDX 2TB VMDK 2TB VMDK

Maximum Pass Through Disk Size 256TB+2 64TB 64TB

Offloaded Data Transfer Yes No Yes (VAAI)3

Boot from USB Disk Yes4 Yes Yes

Storage Pooling Yes No No1 vStorage API for Multipathing (VAMP) is only available in Enterprise & Enterprise Plus editions of vSphere 5.12 The maximum size of a physical disk attached to a virtual machine is determined by the guest operating system and the chosen file system within the guest. More recent Windows Server operating systems support disks in excess of 256TB in size3 vStorage API for Array Integration (VAAI) is only available in Enterprise & Enterprise Plus editions of vSphere 5.14 Hyper-V Server 2012 Only

vSphere Hypervisor / vSphere 5.x Ent+ Information: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vsphere5/r51/vsphere-51-configuration-maximums.pdf and http://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere/buy/editions_comparison.html

Resource Management

Enhanced Resource Management

Dynamic MemoryIncreased control for greater virtual machine consolidation

VM1

Maximum

memory

Dynamic MemoryImprovements for Hyper‑V

CONTINUOUS SERVICES

Hyper‑V

Physicalmemory

pool

Minimummemory

Maximummemory Memory in use

Physicalmemory

pool

Memory in use

Physicalmemory

pool

Administrator can increase maximum memory without a restart

Dynamic Memory • Introduced in Windows Server 2008

R2 SP1

• Reallocates memory automatically among running virtual machines

Windows Server 2012 improvements• Minimum memory

• Hyper‑V smart paging

• Memory ballooning

• Runtime configuration

Hyper‑V

VM1

Maximum

memory

Dynamic MemoryImprovements for Hyper‑V

Virtual machine starting with Hyper‑V smart paging

CONTINUOUS SERVICES

Minimummemory

VMn

Minimummemory

Maximummemory

VM2

Maximummemory

Minimummemory

Physicalmemory

pool

Physicalmemory

pool

Physicalmemory

pool

Startup increases memory in use

Paging file provides additional memory for startup

Benefits• Higher consolidation numbers

• Improved reliability of Hyper‑V operations

• Ability to increase maximum memory configuration with minimal downtime

Removing paged memory after virtual machine restart

Memory reclaimed after startup

Physicalmemory

pool

Memory in useafter startup

Enhanced Resource Management

Dynamic MemoryIncreased control for greater virtual machine consolidation

Resource MeteringTrack historical data for virtual machine usage

Resource MeteringFeatures• Uses resource pools

• Compatible with all Hyper‑V operations

• Unaffected by virtual machine movement

• Uses Network Metering Port ACLs

Benefits of Resource Metering• Easier to track virtual

machine use

• Can be used to aggregate data for multiple virtual machines

• Can be used to build accurate lookback and chargeback solutions

• Easier to obtain resource use data

MetricsAverage CPU use

Average memory use

Minimum memory use

Maximum memory use

Maximum disk allocation

Incoming network traffic

Outgoing network traffic

ISOLATION AND MULTITENANCY

A two-tenant environment built with Hyper‑V in Windows Server

2012

VM 1Customer

1

VM 2Customer

1

VM 3Customer

1

VM 1Customer

2

VM 2Customer

2

VM 3Customer

2

Virtual Machine Resource Metering20 10

Resource Pool Internet Resource Metering10 5

3045 2540

Resource PoolInternetCustomer 2

30 55

Resource PoolInternetCustomer 1

0

0 0

0

1015202530354045505152025

Enhanced Resource Management

Dynamic MemoryIncreased control for greater virtual machine consolidation

Resource MeteringTrack historical data for virtual machine usage

Quality of Service (QoS)Consistent level of performance based on SLAs

QoS minimum bandwidthFeatures and mechanisms

Relative minimum bandwidth

Strict minimum bandwidth

Bandwidth oversubscription

CONTINUOUS SERVICES

Features• Establishes a bandwidth floor

• Assigns specified bandwidth for each type of traffic

• Helps to ensure fair sharing during congestion

• Can exceed quota with no congestion

Two mechanisms• Enhanced packet scheduler

(software)

• Network adapter with DCB support (hardware)

Normal priority

High priority Critical

Hyper‑V Extensible Switch

W=1 W=2 W=5

Bronze tenant

Silver tenant

Gold tenant

Hyper‑V Extensible Switch

100 MB 200 MB 500 MB

1 Gbps

Gold tenant

Gold tenant

Gold tenant

Hyper‑V Extensible Switch

500 MB 500 MB 500 MB

1 Gbps

NIC Teaming

1 Gbps

Enhanced Resource Management

Dynamic MemoryIncreased control for greater virtual machine consolidation

Resource MeteringTrack historical data for virtual machine usage

Quality of Service (QoS)Consistent level of performance based on SLAs

Data Center BridgingConverge network traffic to provide enhanced QoS

VMware ComparisonHyper-V provides QoS in all editions, unlike VMware, where QoS is only available in the Enterprise Plus edition of vSphere 5.1

Capability Hyper-V(2012)

vSphere Hypervisor

vSphere 5.1 Enterprise Plus

Dynamic Memory Yes Yes Yes

Resource Metering Yes Yes1 Yes

Quality of Service Yes No Yes2

Data Center Bridging (DCB) Yes Yes Yes

1 Without vCenter, Resource Metering in the vSphere Hypervisor is only available on an individual host by host basis.2 Quality of Service (QoS) is only available in the Enterprise Plus edition of vSphere 5.1

vSphere Hypervisor / vSphere 5.x Ent+ Information: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vsphere5/r51/vsphere-51-configuration-maximums.pdf and http://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere/buy/editions_comparison.html

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