Vocab Quiz AnswersVocab Quiz Answers 1. C1. C 2. E2. E 3. B3. B 4. D4. D 5. A5. A 6. C6. C 7. D7. D 8. A8. A 9. C9. C 10. E10. E 11. B11. B

12. B12. B 13. E13. E 14. D14. D 15. E15. E 16. B16. B 17. A17. A 18. D18. D 19. B19. B 20. A20. A 21. C21. C 22. B22. B

Who were the first Who were the first Americans?Americans?

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North America and the North America and the Caribbean on the Eve of Caribbean on the Eve of

European “Invasion”European “Invasion”

4.5 million people in North 4.5 million people in North AmericaAmerica

350 350 differentdifferent societies: societies: agricultural, nomadic…agricultural, nomadic…

Importance of maize (corn)Importance of maize (corn)Aztecs “unsurpassed in power Aztecs “unsurpassed in power and wealth”and wealth”

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““tremendous cultural diversity”:tremendous cultural diversity”:

Great Plains-nomadicGreat Plains-nomadic Northeast, Atlantic Seaboard- mixed Northeast, Atlantic Seaboard- mixed

agriculture and hunter-gathereragriculture and hunter-gatherer Iroquois, AlgonquianIroquois, Algonquian

Northwest- fishing villagesNorthwest- fishing villages Trade networksTrade networks

Cahokia (Modern day St. Louis) Largest and most influential urban settlement in the

American Indian culture Do not need to write: Began more than 500 years before

European contact, in major decline by the time of contact. (Population at its peak in the 1200s would not be

surpassed by any city in the United States until the late 18th century.)

What motivated Columbus What motivated Columbus to explore?to explore?

#1, find a quicker trade route to East Asia#1, find a quicker trade route to East Asia Marco Polo’s tales of riches in ChinaMarco Polo’s tales of riches in China Portuguese, under Prince Henry the Portuguese, under Prince Henry the

Navigator, sailed around the tip of AfricaNavigator, sailed around the tip of Africa 1453, Turks conquer Constantinople, cutting 1453, Turks conquer Constantinople, cutting

of trade routes to Asiaof trade routes to Asia 1492, Spanish expel the Moors to finish the 1492, Spanish expel the Moors to finish the

ReconquestaReconquesta Spread ChristianitySpread Christianity https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Gi0Rt0slfy4&safe=activev=Gi0Rt0slfy4&safe=active

Read Pages 3-8Read Pages 3-8 Monday, October 12: Columbus Day

2015 How should we commemorate this

day?

HistoriographyHistoriography Traditional-Traditional- Columbus is a hero Columbus is a hero Revisionist-Revisionist- Columbus was an evil Columbus was an evil

invader (Howard Zinn)invader (Howard Zinn) Post-RevisionistPost-Revisionist- Columbus was a man - Columbus was a man

of his times that was an impressive of his times that was an impressive navigator that brought interaction of two navigator that brought interaction of two separate worlds, which had many positive separate worlds, which had many positive and negative consequences and negative consequences

Imagine you are in charge of writing Imagine you are in charge of writing a history book for 3a history book for 3rdrd graders to graders to read. What are you going to write read. What are you going to write about Columbus? What do you think about Columbus? What do you think is important for these children to is important for these children to know about Columbus?know about Columbus?

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Why are Indians called Why are Indians called Indians if they are not from Indians if they are not from

India?India?

-Columbus -Columbus thought he had thought he had landed off the landed off the coast of Indiacoast of India

-Amerigo -Amerigo Vespucci first to Vespucci first to

realize that it was realize that it was a “New Worlda “New World

If Columbus was not the If Columbus was not the first, then why is he first, then why is he

important?important?

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange The biological exchange of plants and The biological exchange of plants and

animals between the New and Old animals between the New and Old WorldsWorlds

Americas to Europe: Potato, llama, Americas to Europe: Potato, llama, tomato, tobacco, turkeys, corn, tomato, tobacco, turkeys, corn, vanilla…vanilla…

Europe to Americas: horse, cows, pigs, Europe to Americas: horse, cows, pigs, coffee, sugar, rice, wheat, DISEASE: coffee, sugar, rice, wheat, DISEASE: Small PoxSmall Pox

Spain’s Spain’s Empire in Empire in the New the New World- World- 1521: 1521: Cortés Cortés

conquereconquered the d the

AztecsAztecs

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Role of the Role of the ConquistadorsConquistadors Minor nobles, Minor nobles,

landless landless gentlemen, and gentlemen, and professional professional soldiers seek soldiers seek “God, Gold, and “God, Gold, and Glory”Glory”

Win because of Win because of “Guns, Germs, “Guns, Germs, and Steel”and Steel”

Disease, small Disease, small pox, by far the # pox, by far the # 1 killer1 killer

Spanish Spanish ColonizatioColonizatio

nn Royal control Royal control replaced the replaced the conquistadorconquistadorss

  Gov: Two Gov: Two central central divisions: divisions: New Spain & New Spain & Peru each Peru each ruled by a ruled by a viceroy who viceroy who were advised were advised by councils by councils called called audiencias audiencias

Creole

Mestizos & Mulattos

American Indians Zambos Africans

Peninsulars

Spanish Spanish Caste Caste

SystemSystem

•Very Hierarchical system, based on race, pure breed Spaniards at the top •1520, Africans imported to sugar plantations (Haciendas) in the Spanish West Indies•Strongly Catholic, Mission system

The Reformation in The Reformation in EuropeEurope

The Teachings of Martin LutherThe Teachings of Martin Luther Priest who challenged the Church by Priest who challenged the Church by

nailing 95 Theses to the door of the nailing 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Church in 1517Wittenberg Church in 1517

Justification by faith aloneJustification by faith alone Dethroned the power of the Catholic Dethroned the power of the Catholic

ChurchChurch

John CalvinJohn Calvin Emphasis on “the elect” and Emphasis on “the elect” and

predestination versus good workspredestination versus good works Strong in Switzerland & FranceStrong in Switzerland & France

The English ReformationThe English Reformation 1534: Henry VIII breaks with the Church1534: Henry VIII breaks with the Church http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=sUb3NWp942s&safety_mode=true&pv=sUb3NWp942s&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=activeersist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

Reign of Elizabeth I: moderate Reign of Elizabeth I: moderate ProtestantismProtestantism

Rise of the Puritans: Calvinist radicalsRise of the Puritans: Calvinist radicals

England’s Entry into England’s Entry into AmericaAmerica

The English Colonization The English Colonization of Catholic Ireland, 1565of Catholic Ireland, 1565

Sir Walter Raleigh’s Sir Walter Raleigh’s Roanoke, N.C. Venture, Roanoke, N.C. Venture, 1585, “The Lost Colony”1585, “The Lost Colony”

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Discussion PromptDiscussion Prompt ““Christopher Columbus brought Christopher Columbus brought

civilization to the ‘New World’”civilization to the ‘New World’”Accept, reject, or modify statementAccept, reject, or modify statement

Write your introductory paragraph to Write your introductory paragraph to this prompt with your thesis this prompt with your thesis statement underlined.statement underlined.

Thesis statement: Position + Thesis statement: Position + categoriescategories

The EndThe End

Jamestown, 1607Jamestown, 1607 Goal of the colony was to make money for the Goal of the colony was to make money for the

London Joint-Stock CompanyLondon Joint-Stock Company Ill-prepared, too many gentlemenIll-prepared, too many gentlemen John Smith became the leader (non-gentleman), John Smith became the leader (non-gentleman),

started a work for food programstarted a work for food program Smith was captured by the IndiansSmith was captured by the Indians Pocahontas threw herself on Smith to prevent Pocahontas threw herself on Smith to prevent

his beheadinghis beheading John Rolfe made the colony profitable with John Rolfe made the colony profitable with

tobacco & latter married Pocahontas tobacco & latter married Pocahontas Where self-government & slavery began in Where self-government & slavery began in

AmericaAmerica Significance, 1Significance, 1stst permanent English settlement permanent English settlement

in the new worldin the new world

Everyday Life in Early Everyday Life in Early AmericaAmerica

Review and consider:Review and consider: Difference between the North, South, Difference between the North, South,

and middle coloniesand middle colonies How did geography affect development?How did geography affect development? What were the biggest events of the era?What were the biggest events of the era? How important was religion?How important was religion? Was this a new “breed of man,” or was Was this a new “breed of man,” or was

this “new England?”this “new England?” Did aristocracy come to America?Did aristocracy come to America?