vocabulary for today…. 1.nucleotide 2.nucleic acid 3.dna
TRANSCRIPT
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Vocabulary for Today….Vocabulary for Today….
1.Nucleotide
2.Nucleic Acid
3.DNA
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Atoms of elements (C,H,O,P,N)
Nucleotides -3 parts:a.phosphate b.sugar c.nitrogen base
Nucleic Acids - 2 types: a.RNA b.DNA
Gene- sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that code for one
characteristicChromosomes- long thread like group of
genes found in the nucleusNucleus
Cell
HEREDITARY INFORMATION CONTROLS LIFE PROCESSES
All these create HEREDITY(Chemical instructions passed from parents to the offspring at reproduction)
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NUCLEOTIDESGeneral Structure:
NitrogenBase
Sugar Phosphate
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A. Phosphate
• Supplies “NRG” (energy) for:1. Making Nucleic Acid (DNA & RNA) Molecules
which create HEREDITY for the organism
2. Replication- making exact copies of Nucleic Acids
3. Protein Synthesis
STRUCTURE OF NUCLEOTIDES:
B. Nitrogen Bases:• Adenine• Guanine• Thymine (DNA) or Uracil (RNA)• Cytosine
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• Ribose:– 5-Carbon Sugar
(Pentose)– Has one more Oxygen
than deoxyribose
• Deoxyribose– 5-Carbon Sugar
(Pentose)– Has one less Oxygen
than ribose
C. Sugars: 2 types
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• Nucleotides are “Building Blocks” for the 2 types of Nucleic Acids
A. Deoxyribonucleotides
- Make DNA:
DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
- Types of Nitrogen Bases:
B. Ribonucleotides
- Make RNA:
RiboNucleic Acid
- Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Adenine (A)
Uracil (U)
1. RNA has Ribose sugar
2. RNA Has Uracil
- Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
- 2 Chemical differences between DNA and RNA are:
1. DNA has Deoxyribose sugar
2. DNA Has Thymine
NB D P NB R P
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Heredity is established by…
…The number and sequence of the nucleotides. This is how we get our genetic diversity.
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Review!
• What are the building blocks for nucleic acids?– Nucleotides!
• What are the 2 types of Nucleic Acids?– DNA & RNA
• What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?– Phosphate – 5-Carbon Sugar
• (Deoxyribose or ribose)
– Nitrogen Base