Vocabulary List

S.S. Vocabulary List

Absolute Location- One of the two types of location which tells you exactly where something is. Examples are: Latitude Longitude, Address, ETC. Example: Coach George’s classroom is 704.

Relative Location- A location that is “related to” something else. For example, Coach George’s classroom is across the hall from Coach Alley’s classroom.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Equator: The imaginary line at 0* latitude that divides the earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Prime Meridian: The imaginary line at 0* longitude that divides the earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

International Date Line: The imaginary line at 180* longitude that is the “back side” of the Prime Meridian. The IDL is the same line as the PM on the other side of the globe where the new day begins!

Tropic of Capricorn: Line at 23.5* S of the Equator. Where most of the world’s deserts are found.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Latitude: Imaginary lines that circle the globe running east to west. Lines of latitude measure distance North and South of the Equator (O* Latitude).

Longitude: Imaginary lines that circle the globe running north and south. Lines of longitude measure distance East and West of the Prime Meridian (O* Longitude).

SS Vocabulary List

Political Map: A map that shows man made features such as boundaries, states, and major cities.

Physical Map: A map that shows physical features of the Earth, such as mountains, rivers, lakes, etc. It shows things not man made!

SS Vocabulary List

Commercial Farming: Commercial Farming is to farm to make a financial living. In today's world, a small percentage of the population farms for the rest of the world population.

Subsistence Farming: farming whose products are intended to provide for the basic needs of the farmer and his family.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Population Density: The total # of people per square mile.

Population Distribution: This shows how populations are spread across an area. Before the IR, people looked for water sources, good climate, fertile soil, and natural resources when settling.

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Urbanization: The movement of people from rural to urban areas. The main cause is industrial development, Positive consequences are more jobs, education, entertainment, & cultural opportunities. Negatives are more crime, pollution, overcrowding, and low quality of schools and hospitals.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Infant Mortality Rate: the death rate during the first year of life. This information is listed by country.

Growth Rate: In terms of demographic concepts, growth rate refers to the yearly increase or decrease in population for an area.

SS Vocabulary List

Life Expectancy: the total number of years a person is expected to live.

Natural Resource: A resource that nature makes that humans use in meeting their needs.

SS Vocabulary List

Birth Rate: The total number of people born per 1000 people.

Death Rate: The total number of deaths per 1000 people.

Migration Rate: The total number of people that move in or out of an particular area.

SS Vocabulary List

Renewable Resource: Any material/resource that can be remade/reproduced by nature. Examples are wind, oxygen, trees, water, plants, soil.

Non-Renewable Resource: Any resource that cannot be remade once it is used up. Examples are fossil fuels, which are oil, coal, and natural gas.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Fossil fuels: Materials created over millions of years from prehistoric plants and animals. Examples of these are oil, coal, and natural gas.

SS Vocabulary List

Import: To bring products into a country from another country.

Export: To send/ship/sell products to another country.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Domestic: produced or made within one's own country.

Embargo: A limit placed on trade with countries.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Barter: to trade by exchange of commodities rather than by the use of money.

Tariff: A fee or a tax placed on a trade. A government tax on imports or exports.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Balance of Trade: The total value of all imports and exports. To have a positive balance of trade, a country will want to export (sells) more than it imports (buys).

Capitalism: The economic theory in which the government has NO CONTROL in setting production and distribution of goods. Private individuals and companies sustain the economy.

SS Vocabulary List

NAFTA: An agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada that allows for free trade among the 3 countries. No tariffs!

Communism: The economic theory in which the government take complete control of the economy and government. The government controls the production and distribution of goods.

O.P.E.C.: The oil cartel made of 12 countries. The purpose of OPEC is to increase their control of oil markets (supply) so they can get better prices for their oil (demand).

Socialism: An economic theory there is competition among businesses and people do have private property but the government does have control in some aspects of the economy. The purpose of this economic theory is to ensure that everything is done for the good of the community.

Command Economy: Communism in practice, an economic system in which the government controls all industry, and does not allow free trade, private ownership, or competition.

Market Economy: Capitalism in practice, and economic system in which the government has little to no control of the economy, and there is free trade, private ownership, and competition.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Inflation: A prolonged rise in prices for goods.

Recession: 6 months or 2 quarters of negative growth in a country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product).

S.S. Vocabulary List

Protectionism: The practice of developing domestic industries by protecting them from foreign competition by placing limits on imports.

Economics: the science concerned with the production and consumption of goods and services.

Economic System: How goods are distributed and consumed (Communism, Socialism, or Capitalism).

S.S. Vocabulary List Economic Interdependence: a high degree of

division of labor, where people depend on other people to produce most of the goods and services required to sustain life and living. Basically, people in all levels of the economy (even from different countries) depend on each other.

Resource Allocation: a plan for using available resources.

Phenomena: a fact or occurrence that can be observed.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Pratibha Patil: President of India Monmohan Singh: Prime Minister of India Dmitri Medvedev: President of Russia Barack Obama: President of U.S from

2009-Present

S.S. Vocabulary List

Stephen Harper: Prime Minister of Canada. Hu Jintao: President of China Felipe Calderon: President of Mexico David Cameron: Prime Minister of United

Kingdom

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Depression: Negative growth in a country’s GDP with mass loss of jobs and business failures lasting for 1 year (4 quarters).

Unemployment Rate: the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.

Estuary: the part of the river in which the river's current meets the sea's tide.

SS Vocabulary List

Lagoon: an area of shallow water separated from the sea by low sandy dunes.

Yellow River: Flows through northern China. Called the Yellow river because of the Loess (fertile, yellow soil) that flows down it. Each summer when the river floods, the loess is spread on the soil and makes it fertile for farming.

SS Vocabulary List

Himalayas: World’s tallest mountain range that forms the border of China and the Indian Sub Continent. Mt Everest, world’s tallest mountain is here.

Ganges River: River running from the Himalayas to the Indian Ocean. The river provides fertile soil and water to people living around it. Known as the Ganges Plain, India’s farming heartland is located here.

S.S. Vocabulary List

Hinduism: The dominant religion in India. This religion believes in reincarnation and the social system known as the caste system. No single founder.

Buddhism: Religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Guatama- The Buddha. Believe in reincarnation. The religion based on the 8 Fold Path, which ends at Nirvana. Nirvana is a state of perfect peace in which suffering and reincarnation end.

S.S. Vocabulary List Christianity: a monotheistic religion based on the

teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God.

Judaism: the oldest monotheistic religion, Judaism was founded in 2000 B. They also believe Jesus was a prophet.

Islam: monotheistic C. Jews believe they are God’s chosen people. religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed. This is the major religion in the Middle East and Northern Africa

S.S. Vocabulary List

Scarcity: A lack of available resources. Region: An area with common

characteristics (political/man made features, geologic/physical, cultural, functional, ETC.

Drought: a long period without rain.