vocabulary review ch 41 - reptiles. one of a varied group of mostly extinct reptiles that lived from...
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Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
Ch 41 - ReptilesCh 41 - Reptiles
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One of a varied group of mostly
extinct reptiles that lived from about 235 million years ago to
about 66 million years ago
Dinosaur
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An explanation for the mass extinction of
most of the dinosaurs; holds that a giant
asteroid struck Earth and caused
catastrophic climate change about 66 million years agoAsteroid
impact hypothesis
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A type of egg that is produced by reptiles, birds, and egg-laying
mammals and that contains a large amount
of yolk; usually surrounded by a leathery or hard shell within which
the embryo and its embryonic membranes
developAmniotic egg
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In mammals, birds, and reptiles, the membrane that
contains a developing
embryo and its surrounding fluid
Amnion
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The membrane that is attached to a
vertebrate embryo and that encloses the yolk and thus stores energy
reserves for the developing embryo
Yolk sac
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A membranous sac that acts as an organ
of respiration and nutrition for the
embryo; in humans, its blood vessels become the blood vessels of the umbilical cord
Allantois
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The outer membrane that surrounds an
embryo
Chorion
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The white of an egg, composed primarily of the protein albumin
Albumen
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A hard protein that forms hair, bird feathers,
nails, and horns
Keratin
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A thick wall between the right and left chambers
of the heart
Septum
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Any of the tiny air cells of the lungs
where oxygen and carbon dioxide are
exchanged
Alveolus
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An olfactory sac that opens into
the mouth and is highly developed
in reptiles
Jacobson’s organ
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The processes by which the body
regulates its internal
temperature
Thermoregulation
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An organism that needs sources of heat outside of
itself
Ectotherm
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In egg-laying amniotes, a
reproductive method in which the
female’s reproductive tract
encloses each egg in a tough, protective
shellOviparity
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In amniotes, a reproductive method
wherein shelled eggs are produced,
develop, and sometimes hatch inside the body of
the motherOvoviviparity
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In amniotes, a reproductive method
in which eggs that lack shells are produced
and develop inside the body of the mother,
who then gives birth to the offspring
Viviparity
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The structure that attaches a developing fetus to the uterus and
that enables the exchange of nutrients,
wastes, and gases between the mother
and the fetus
Placenta
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A shield-like plate that covers the
cephalothorax of some crustaceans
and reptiles
Carapace
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The bottom, or ventral, portion of
a turtle’s shell
Plastron
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The ability of an organism to drop a
body part and, usually, to
regenerate a new one
Autotomy
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A snake that kills its prey by
crushing and suffocating it
Constrictor
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A venomous snake that has two small, fixed fangs in the front of the mouth
Elapid
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A venomous snake that has two large,
mobile fangs at the front of the
mouth
Viper