vocabulary review ch 44- animal behavior. a person who specializes in the scientific study of animal...
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Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
Ch 44- Animal Ch 44- Animal BehaviorBehavior
A person who specializes in the scientific study of animal behavior
Ethologist
An action that an individual carries out in response to
a stimulus or to the environment
Behavior
An inherited behavior that does not depend on the
environment or experience
Innate Behavior
An innate behavior that is
characteristic of certain species
Fixed action pattern
The development of behaviors
through experience or
practice
Learning
A type of learning in which an animal learns to ignore a
frequent, harmless stimulus
Habituation
A type of learning in which specific animal
behaviors are deterred or reinforced by
external actions upon the animal; usually
refers to a controlled experimental situation
Operant conditioning
A type of learning in which an animal learns to produce a specific
response to a predictive stimulus in
anticipation of receiving external
reinforcement
Classical conditioning
A type of problem solving that
requires the ability to solve a problem that has not been
encountered previously
Reasoning
Learning that occurs early and
quickly in a young animal’s life and that cannot be changed once
learned
Imprinting
In an animal’s development, the
specific phase during which
imprinting occurs
Sensitive period
A prediction of the ratio of the energy expended to the energy gained as an animal
searches for food; holds that animals tend to behave in a way that
maximizes food intake while minimizing efforts to
find food and avoiding dangerOptimality
hypothesis
Threatening behavior or
physical conflict between animals
Aggressive behavior
An area that is occupied by one
animal or a group of animals that do not
allow other members of the species to enter
Territory
In competitive animal groups, a
ranking of individuals from
most dominant to most subordinate
Dominance hierarchy
An animal behavior that functions to
attract mates
Courtship
A transfer of a signal or message from one animal to
another that results in some
type of response
Communication
In animals, bright coloration that
warns predators that a potential prey animal is
poisonous
Aposematic coloration
A defense in which one organism
resembles another that is dangerous
or poisonous
Mimicry
A substance that is released by the body
and that causes another individual of the same species to
react in a predictable way
Pheromone
The interaction between animals
of the same species that are
not related or are only distant
relativesSocial behavior
A biological daily cycle
Circadian rhythm
A period of inactivity and lowered body
temperature that some animals undergo in
winter as a protection against cold weather
and lack of food
Hibernation
In general, any movement of individuals or
populations from one location to another;
specifically, a periodic group movement that is characteristic of a given population or
speciesMigration